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Prevalence and risk factors of hepatits C virus infection among Koreans in rural area of Korea
Shin, Hai-Rim,Kim, Joon-Youn,Ohno, Tomoyoshi,Cao, Kun,Mizokami, Masashi,Risch, Harvey,Kim, SooRyang 동아대학교 산업의학연구소 2000 산업의학연구소 논총 Vol.- No.5
In a Korean rural area with a high incidence of liver cancer, a molecular epidemiological study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and to determine the distribution of HCV genotype and transmission routes of HCV infection, The study population is those who volunteered to participate in a health survey in 1993 and were over 10 years of age. Those who were anti-HCV-positive and 20 of their spouses were re-examined in 1995 and tested for HCV genotype. A phylogenetic tree was constructed after sequencing analysis of core and envelope regions from the subjects with genotype 2a without a blood transfusion history. The age- and sex-standardized prevalence of anti-HCV was 5.52%. In a multivariate analysis, transfusion history was not associated with anti-HCV-pos-itivity, but a history of acupuncture (adjusted odds ratio = 2.2, 95% confidence interval = 1.0, 4.7) and a history of surgical operation (adjusted odds ratio = 2.0, 95%, confidence interval = 1.0, 4.1) were associated. The prevalence of HCV genotype 2a was the highest, and genotype 1b was less frequent. The phylogenetic tree showed strong homology among our samples with Japanese HCV strains. The present study suggests that there is a highly endemic area of HCV infection in Korea and that this endemicity is probably associated with a parenteral source of HCV infection other than blood transfusion. The study also suggests that some of the HCV infection was spread through non-sterilized or non-disposable acupuncture needles in this HCV endemic
A Systematic Review of the Extrahepatic Manifestations of Hepatitis C Infection in East Asia
( Zobair M. Younossi ),( Linda Henry ),( Janus Ong ),( Atsushi Tanaka ),( Yuichiro Eguchi ),( Masashi Mizokami ),( Young-suk Lim ),( Yock Young Dan ),( Ming-lung Yu ),( Maria Stepanova ),( Sooji Lee ) 대한간학회 2018 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2018 No.1
Aims: Chronic hepatitis C (CHC) infection causes a systemic infection with hepatic and extrahepatic manifestation (EHMs). Although the prevalence of EHMs in Western countries is well described, the same is not well known in East Asian countries. We performed a systematic review to quantify the prevalence of selected EHMs among CHC patients in East Asia. Methods: PubMed, Medline, and Japan databases searched (1990-Dec 2016) with “hepatitis c virus” “chronic hepatitis C”, “extrahepatic manifestations”, and respective EHM’s. Data were collected and reviewed by two per PRISMA guidelines. EHMs were by ICD-9 codes or clinically: depression:BDI-2 score>19, chronic kidney disease (CKD): eGFR of < 60 mL/ min/1.73 m2 per MDRD, diabetes (DM):fasting blood glucose level > 126 mg/dL. Pooled prevalence determined by random effects models. Results: 75 articles were identified. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, 23 articles remained (Japan=6; China=3, Korea= 4, Taiwan=9, Asia=1) with a total of 468,656 subjects (n= 51,160 CHC and n= 417,496 non-HCV controls). HCV patient age ranged from 44-70 (mean age 55), 50% were male (range 0%-67%), and over 80% of diagnosis was established through positive HCV anti-body. CHC subjects had higher risk of lymphoma (n=2) 4.6% vs. 2.3%, OR=1.79 (1.47-2.19), P<0.0001; DM (n=11) 16.7% vs. 9.4%, OR=1.84 (1.52-2.21), P<0.0001; SS (n=2) 9.6% vs. 3.5%, OR=9.80 (1.25-76.56), P=0.0295; LP (n=5) 8.2% vs. 4.2%, OR=2.45 (1.36-4.41), P=0.0027; depression (n=1) 51.6% vs. 27.7%, OR=2.77 (1.25-6.15), P=0.0121; CKD (n=5) 3.8% vs. 1.7%, OR=2.00 (1.09-3.70), P=0.026; RA (n=2) 0.9% vs. 0.3%, OR=2.41 (1.54-3.76), P=0.0001; CVA (n=2) 25.3% vs. 19.3%, hazard ratio 1.38 (1.24-1.53), P<0.05; IHD (n=1) 25.3% vs 11.6%, OR=1.76 (1.04-2.96), P=0. 0.034. Additionally, the prevalence of MC (symptomatic and asymptomatic; n=1) in CHC was 46.9% in CHC vs. 1.9% in general population with a risk ratio of 24.7 (17.2-32.2). Conclusions: Our review found that CHC in East Asia is associated with increased risk for EHMs.
( Zobair M. Younossi ),( Atsushi Tanaka ),( Yuichiro Eguchi ),( Linda Henry ),( Rachel Beckerman ),( Masashi Mizokami ),( Sooji Lee ) 대한간학회 2018 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2018 No.1
Aims: Japanese chronic hepatitis C (CHC) patients are at greater risk for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Highly effective oral Direct Acting Antiviral (DAA) regimens for CHC can lead to high SVR rates that reduce CHC complications and costs. This study estimated the economic benefit of CHC cure by reducing HCC and decompensated cirrhosis (DCC) in Japan. Methods: A hypothetical cohort of 10,000 HCV GT1b Japanese patients with a mean age of 70 was modeled with a hybrid decision tree and Markov model capturing the natural history of HCV infection over a lifetime horizon. It was assumed that 15% of the cohort had cirrhosis and 20% were treatment-experienced. Treatment compared approved all-oral DAAs vs. no treatment (NT) with efficacy based on randomized controlled trials. Transition rates and costs were obtained from Japan-specific data. DCC, HCC and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) were projected. QALYs were monetized using a willingness to pay (WTP) threshold which varied from ¥4 to ¥6 million. The incremental savings associated with treatment were calculated by adding the projected cost of complications avoided to the monetized gains in QALYs. Results: DAA treatment avoided 1583 cases of HCC and 1162 cases of DCC, saving ¥618,076 and ¥251,329 per treated patient; respectively. Treatment leads to avoidance of 2745 cases of CHC complications and associated savings of ¥869,405 per treated patient. Additionally, DAA treatment lead to an additional 1.59 QALYs gained per patient treated. The indirect economic gains associated with treatment-related QALY improvements were estimated to be ¥6,360,000, ¥7,950,000 and ¥9,540,000 per patient at WTP thresholds of ¥4 million, ¥5 million and ¥6 million. Total economic savings of HCV GT1 treatment with DAAs (vs. NT) was ¥7,229,405, ¥8,819,405and ¥10,409,405 at these different WTP thresholds. Conclusions: Treatment of HCV GT1b with all Oral DAAs in Japan can lead to significant savings related to avoidance of HCC and DCC.
Hepatitis B Virus Genotype C Prevails Among Chronic Carriers of the Virus in Korea
Chang Wook Kim,Soon Woo Nam,Boo Sung Kim,Seiji Suzuki,Si Hyun Bae,Jeong Won Jang,Jong Young Choi,Young Min Park,Fuminaka Sugauchi,Seung Kew Yoon,Masashi Mizokami 대한의학회 2005 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.20 No.5
Hiroyuki Kaji,Akira Togayachi,Makoto Ochou,Maki Sogabe,Takashi Okura,Hirofumi Nozaki,Takashi Angata,Yasunori Chiba,Hidenori Ozaki,Atsushi Kuno,Yasuhito Tanaka,Yuzuru Ikehara,Masashi Mizokami,Hisashi N 한국당과학회 2012 한국당과학회 학술대회 Vol.2012 No.1
We present here a high-throughput strategy to discover serological biomarkers for early-detection of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Our strategy is also applicable to assess the progressed liver fibrosis that is associated with virus hepatitis. The glycan structure on glycoproteins derived from cancerous cells is known to be different from that derived from normal cells, specifically, the increased aberrant glycosylation appears in patient serum with virus hepatitis along with either or both the initiation and progression. Based on the above perceptions, in order to identify glycoproteins carrying aberrant glycosylation in serum of liver disease patients, we analyzed lectin-captured glycopeptides by the IGOT method. Many glycoproteins carrying altered glycans were successfully identified. The increased amount of these glycoproteins was clinically relevant to the progression of the liver diseases. We are now selecting appropriate molecules depending on the feasibility to detect an abnormality in the liver, such as the occurrence of liver cell neoplasm.