조선시대 입제(笠制)의 형성과정과 제작방법 연구 : '갓'을 중심으로

유미현,추원교 한국공예학회 2001 조형디자인연구 Vol.4 No.1

This study is about the hat of the gentry and ordinary people in Chosun era, not the high classical cap of the King and dignitaries. The wearing of Gat in Korea was started from the 6th year of the reign of King Gongmin in Korea Dynasty, and the Chosun hat has two types of G n & Rip. For the kinds of G n, there are Bangg n, Bokg n, Yug n, Mangg n, etc. and Mangg n was a symbolic expression of a grown-up. Putting on a cap was started when the King Gongmin made civil and military officials to wear a crown (1357, the 6th year of his reign). Chosun succeeded the crown custon as is was, yet the shape of Gat became confused. In the 20th year of King Sungjong's reign (1485), the Rip shape was changed by an order since it was looked like Seungrip under the influence of contemporary trend to H krip. And the change of Gat shape experienced the shifting procedure of Paeraengi to Chorip and finally to H krip, and the last one H krip became the symbolic crown of civil and military officials. However the use of Paeraengi and Chorip was avoided, cause they were used by both nobility and common people at first but the nobillity used only H krip later.

開化期小說에 受容된 古代小說의 構造 類型

柳玗善,金春燮 全南大學校 人文科學硏究所 1982 용봉인문논총 Vol.12 No.-

[논문]결정화 유리첨가에 의한 BNT 계 세라믹 복합체의 소결 및 유전특성

이우석,이병철,류봉기 釜山大學校生産技術硏究所 2003 生産技術硏究所論文集 Vol.62 No.-

본 연구에서는 BaO-Nd2O3-TiO2계 마이크로파 유전체 세라믹스에 결정화 유리를 첨가하여 적충일체형 RF 수동소자 모률 구현을 위한 저온소결 유전체소재를 개발하고자 하였다. BaO-Nd2O3-TiO2에 결정화 유리를 5~3Owt% 범위로 첨가하여 소결온도를 1300°C 에서 1050 °C 로 낮추었으며, 첨가량의 증가에 따라서 소결밀도의 증가 및 입성장이 뚜렸이 일어났고 결정화 유리를 20wt% 첨가하여 1050 °C의 소결온도에서 95% 이상의 상대밀도를 갖는 소결체를 얻을 수 있었다. 이때 유전율(Er),72,품질계수(Q . f),1500, 공진주파수 온도계수(tf), 22 ppm/°C 을 나타내었으며 이는 LTCC 재료로서 응용가능성이 있다고 판단되었다.

수산식품 단백질 품질평가를 위한 새로운 모델 설정 : 2 . 해산 갑각류의 C-PER 및 DC-PER 2 . C-PER and DC-PER of Marine Crustacea

류홍수,이근우 한국수산학회 1986 한국수산과학회지 Vol.19 No.3

수산식품단백질의 정확한 품질평가를 위한 새로운 실험 모델을 개발하기 위한 일환으로 전보(Ryu등, 1985)에 이어 6종의 해산 갑각류를 선정하여 비교적 최근에 개발된 four-enzyme digestion technique 및 C-PER assay를 사용하여 이의 품질을 평가하였으며, 또한 이들 technique의 갑각류 단백질에 적용 여부 및 선택성을 검토하였고 그 결과에 영향을 미치는 제요인들을 조사하였다. 시료로 사용된 해산 갑각류는 조단백질이 85% 이상(건물중량)으로 고급의 단백질원이었으며 이에 조지방 및 조회분을 합하면 95%를 상회하여 이들 세 성분이 주성분이었다. Invitro 소화율은 새우류의 경우 83∼86%이었고 어체가 작을수록 소화율은 높은 반면 trypsin 비소화성 물질은 적었다. 생 꽃게육의 소화율은 80% 정도인 반면, 자숙한 붉은 대게류의 소화율은 86% 이상으로 자숙에 의한 소화율 증가를 보였고, 부위별로는 집게육의 소화율이 높았다. 일반적으로 생 갑각류의 in vitro 소화율이 낮은 것은 선도저하에 의한 육의 pH변화에 기인된 것으로 생각된다. 새우류 및 게류의 lysine 함량은 표준 ANRC casein 보다 높았으나 다른 필수 아미노산인 Trp, Cys, Met 등은 약간 낮았고 특히 Val, Tyr, Phe 등의 함량은 50% 정도에 불과하였다. 전반적인 해산 갑각류의 C-PER과 DC-PER은 2.1∼2.4 정도로 표준단백질 및 다른 어류 단백질의 C-PER 및 DC-PER보다 낮았으나 예측소화율은 모두 90% 이상을 상회하여, 지금까지 알려진 C-PER이 낮은 육단백질의 DC-PER은 훨씬 높다는 일반적인 경향과 상이한 결과를 보여 해산 갑각류 단백질 품질평가시, 소화율은 예측소화율(predicted digestibility) 측정법으로 단백효율비는 보다 정확한 in vitro 소화율 측정법의 개발을 전제로 C-PER technique을 적용함이 바람직할 것 같으며, 보다 정확한 in vitro 소화율 측정에는 선도에 따른 최초의 pH, 유리아미노산의 함량 및 TIS 함량 등이 고려된 새로운 model이 개발되어야 할 것으로 생각되었다. To confirm the application of a newer in vitro assays to determining the nutritional value of marine crustaceans (mainly shrimps and crabs), which have been considered to be highly nutritive depending on their levels of the essential amino acids and digestibility, their C-PERs and DC-PERs were determined and studied the factors influencing their in vitro results. Four species of seawater shrimps and 2 species of seawater crabs were used in this experiment. The in vitro digestibilities showed 83∼86% for raw shrimps and the trypsin indigestibile substrate content (TIS) was ranged from 1.32 to 3.33㎎/g solid expressed quantitatively as ㎎ of purified soybean trypsin inhibitor. The smaller size of shrimps revealed a greater in vitro digestibility and a lower contents of TIS. It was noted that the in vitro digestibility of raw blue crab meat was around 85% while boiled tenner crab meat showed 86% or above, and the leg meat had the greatest in vitro digestibility in the various parts of crab meats. The poor in vitro digestibilities for shrimp's and crab's meat, compared with that of the other seafoods as noted in previous reports, suggest that the drop in pH, due to the change in their freshness during harvesting and frozen storage, resulted in underestimating their digestibilities using four-enzyme digestion technique. The lysine contents in all samples were higher than that of ANRC casein but they contained a slightly lower sulfur-containing amino acids than those in ANRC casein. But the other EAA, such as valine, tyrosine and phenylalanine, were found to be a half as little as that in casein and played a key-factor in calculation of C-PER or DC-PER. It was observed that the value of C-PER and DC-PER for all samples ranged from 2.1 to 2.4, and the predicted digestibilities showed 90% or above in all samples.

沈淸傳의 背景思想과 孝에 對하여

柳玗善 全南大學校 人文科學硏究所 1977 용봉인문논총 Vol.7 No.-

이상에서 심청전의 배경사상과 효에 대하여 고찰해 보았거니와 그 결과, 심청전의 작가는 유, 불, 도, 무 중 어느 한 종교의 확고한 신앙자가 아니었음을 말할 수 있다. 따라서 첫째, 심청전의 주체적인 배경사상을 한 종교만의 척도로 분석하기 곤란하다. 둘째, 그러나 작가는 어느 정교보다도 불교적 신앙에 의존했든지 주인공 심청으로 하여금 당초의 예언대로 영광을 누리도록 결구해 놓았다. 셋째, 도교사상은 심청의 효를 승화시키고자 하는 작가의 의도에서, 세상에 실존하지 않는 신령과 같은 전능한 대상으로부터 그 위력을 빌리는 데 이용한 듯하다. 넷째, 무속사상은 유, 불, 도교 등과 습합되어 일정한 체계없이 주술되었으니 다만 당시 생활습속의 표현으로 반영되었을 뿐이다. 다섯째, 심씨가문은 유교의 전통을 이은 양반으로서 효를 내세운 인륜도덕의 숭상이라는 영향을 받았을 뿐이다. 여섯째, 심청의 '효'는 유교적으로만 분석해서는 안되며 자연발로적인 천성으로 보아야 한다. 일곱째, 대효는 살신이성효라는 "우리의 효"를 일깨워 교화하고 계몽하려는 의도에서 이루어진 작품이다. 요컨대, 심청전은 어느 사상 하나만의 배경으로 이루어진 것이 아니라, 작가가 윌의 전통적인 효를 교화하기 위해서 생활화된 유, 불, 도, 무의 사사상을 필요에 따라 무의식적으로 인용하면서 희생적인 효를 이상으로 삼으려는 작품인 것이다.

ZnO 박막 센서의 DMA 가스 검지 특성

김성우,최우창,류지열,박성현,최혁환,이명교,권태하 경북대학교 센서기술연구소 1997 센서技術學術大會論文集 Vol.8 No.1

The DMA(Dimethylamine) gas sensors were fabricated with the ZnO-based thin films grown by a RF magnetron sputtering method. We investigated the sensitivity and response time according to temperature variation and DMA gas concentration. The ZnO-based thin film sensors sputtered in oxygen atmosphere showed higher sensitivity than those sputtered in argon atmosphere. The ZnO-based thin film sensors doped with Al_(2)O_(3), In_(2)O_(3) and V_(2)O_(5) and sputtered in oxygen atmosphere showed the maximum sensitivity of 218(working temperature, 250 ℃, DMA gas, 160 ppm) and speedy response time. The ZnO-based thin film sensors doped with Al_(2)O_(3), In_(2)O_(3), TiO_(2) and V_(2)O_(5), sputtered in oxygen atmosphere and aged at 330 ℃ showed the maximum sensitivity of 156(working temperature, 250 ℃, DMA gas, 160 ppm).

中央 ㆍ地方政府間의 事務配分에 관한 法的 考察

金又德,柳在賢 新羅大學校 1996 論文集 Vol.41 No.1

This study analyzes the relationship between the central and local government, with a specific focus on the allocation of functions performed by the two different levels of government. It is assumed that this study has a significant contribution to our understanding of the role of government in general and of the many functions performed by the two authorities in particular. Moreover, there is an increasing need to clarify the relationship as we are facing a new system of local autonomy in the very near future. This study regards to provide theoretical, legal and methodological basis on the allocation of functions between the central and local government, and to explore the relevant approach in Korean situation. Above purposes can be obtained as suggestions by analyzing the legal cases and experiences of several nations on the allocation of functions, and as results by analyzing the feature in the case of Korea. As focuses on the case of Korea, this study can find a few important negative characteristics seen in the administrative relations between the central and local government. First of all, the functional divisions of governmental activities in Korea are very ambiguous and the delegated activities from the central to local government is somewhat over-loaded. This gives a sign of the meticulous control, supervision, and direction to the local government from the strong central government. All in all, it means that there are not so much divisions of administrative power between the central and local government. To be more specific, we may conclude the following characteristics : 1. There are too much regulatory functions asigned to the local authorities. 2. The tool of administration mainly depends on the state power, that is the coersive or compulsory means of administration prevail. 3. The legal basis of the administrative enforcement seems lacking. 4. Especially from the point of view of the local government, administrative functions performed by the local government in the field of social welfare, rather than in the field of general administration, industry and economy, seem to show a relatively low level. Of course this remains a major problem for the local government to deal with under the new system of local autonomy. From the above discussion, the following conclusionary remarks are possible. First of all, a change of perspective toward the relationship between the two governmental entities should be introduced in order to have a reformed or better functional divisions of governmental activities. Most of all, it may be necessary to point out here that there cannot be an absolute principle regarding the functional divisions. In addition, the top-down or top-to-bottom hierarchical command system of central government should also be avoided for the betterment of the administrative relations. The points further allow us to present a few final suggestions : 1. In the realm of the functional allocation of administration, "inclusive-indicative" orientation should be changed toward a more concrete form of allocation of governmental functions. 2. A strategy to strengthen the cooperation and clarifying the functional division must be achieved in order to effectively solving the common goals of administrative tasks that now seem increasing ever more. 3. It may be necessary to make a new legal basis in the form of 'The Law of Intergovernment Proceedings and Relations'. 4. There needs a wide range of change in the functional division of administration to make the system work more efficiently. In specific, many overlapping functions performed by both the the central and local government should be cleared away, many administrative regulations or red-tapes must be suspended in order to increase the basis of competitiveness of industries and private economy in general, and many formalized administrative permissions that may not be necessary, if not for the sake of formality, should also be ended.

Ki-67이 Luminal B형 유방암 환자의 예후에 미치는 영향

류동원,최우식,이충한 고신대학교 의과대학 2010 고신대학교 의과대학 학술지 Vol.25 No.1

배경: Ki-67는 세포의 분열지수로서 특히 세포분열초기 나타나는 것으로 알려져 있다. 그래서 Ki-67의 분열지수가 높은 경우 조기 재발 및 예후와 관련되어 있다는 보고가 있다. 본 연구에서는 본원의 자료를 토대로 Ki-67의 분열지수가 예후에 영향을 미치는지를 알아보고자 한다 방법: 2001년 1월부터 2005년 12월까지 본원에서 유방암으로 수술을 받은 679명의 환자를 대상으로 후향적으로 조사를 하였다. 술후 조직병리학적 보고서를 토대로 조사하였다. Ki-67의 수치를 기준으로 10%이하군, 10%에서 20%군, 20%이상군으로 나누었다. 세군사이의 임상병리학적 요소의 분포를 비교하였으며 Kaplan-Meier를 이용하여서 생존율을 분석하였다. 결과: 환자들의 평균나이는 46세였으며, 평균종양의 크기는 3.2cm였다. 20%이상군에서 진행성 유방암환자의 비율이 높았다.(p=0.007) 특히 림프절의 전이정도와도 관련이 있었다.( p=0.003) 그러나 Ki-67과 생존율과는 의미있는 관련성을 없었다.( p=0.6112). 결론: 본원의 조사에 따르면 Ki-67은 진행성 유방암과 호르몬 수용체 음성과는 밀접한 관계를 가지고 있었으나 생존율에는 영향을 미치지 않았다. 그러나 본조사는 추적기간이 짧고 조사 규모가 크지 않아서 향후 계속적으로 추적 관찰한다면 더 의미있는 결과과 나올것이다. Background: Ki-67 expression has been considered to be a reliable marker for assessing tumor cell proliferation. The aims of the ourstudy were to assess the correlationbetween Ki-67 expression and clinocopathologic factors and to analyze the effect of Ki-67 expression on survival rate. Methods:The study subjects, 679 women with breast cancer, were a subset of patients operated at OOO hospital from Jun 2001 to Dec 2005.Patients are grouped into 3 categories according to Ki-67 determined in surgical specimens. Clincopathologic factors were compared with 3 categories of Ki-67. Chi-squared tests were used for statistical analysis. Kaplan–Meier estimates are presented for thesurvival function, and differences in survival were analyzed usingthe log rank test. Results: The median age was 46yrs, and median tumor size was 3.2cm. The strong correlation was observed between tumor staging and Ki-67 staining(p=0.007) and Group III(more than 20% staing) showed more advanced N-staging(p=0.003). The number of patients with estrogen receptor negative was higher in Group III(p=0.001) and that with HER-2 receptor positive was also higher in Group III(p =0.001) comparing with other groups. The univariate analysis for prognostic factors associated with DFS revealed that both the tumor groupas T1, T2, T3 or T4 and lymph node as N0, N1, N2 or N3 were statistically significant(p=0.0003 and p=0.0015 respectively) but the Ki-67 staining as <10%, 10~20%, >20% was statistically not significant(p=0.6112). The univariate analysis for prognostic factors associated with OS revealed that Tumor staging and N-staging was statically significant(p=0.003 and p=0.0015 respectively). Conclusions: According to our study, Ki-67 positive groups was associated with more advanced staging, ER-negative, PR-negative and HER-positive respectively. But there is no significant association between Ki-67 staining and 5-year disease free survival rate including overall survival rate.

온도변화에 따른 복층 OLED의 물리적 특성 연구

채우리;이유근;최성진;채희백 순천향대학교 기초과학연구소 2010 순천향자연과학연구 논문집 Vol.16 No.2

OLEDs of the bilayer structure with ITO/NPB/Alq3/LiF/Al were fabricated by vacuum thermal evaporation. I-V-L(current-voltage-luminance) and charge mobility could be measured with TEL(transient electroluminescence) as the temperature was varied from 300K to 50 K. Current, current density and EL were decreased as the temperature was decreased.

ZnO 박막 센서의 암모니아 가스 검지 특성

최우창,김성우,류지열,박성현,최혁환,이명교,권태하 경북대학교 센서기술연구소 1997 센서技術學術大會論文集 Vol.8 No.1

The ammonia gas sensors were fabricated with the ZnO-based thin films grown by a RF magnetron sputtering method. We investigated the sensitivity and response time according to temperature variation and ammonia gas concentration. The sensors sputtered in oxygen atmosphere showed higher sensitivity than those sputtered in argon atmosphere. The Au(0.3 wt.%) doped-ZnO thin film sensors aged at 330 ℃ showed the maximum sensitivity of 28 and good response time at a working temperature of 250 ℃ and to 160 ppm ammonia gas. The Pt(0.1 wt.%) doped-ZnO thin film sensors showed the maximum sensitivity at a low working temperature of 200 ℃.