Urban and Rural Differences in Suicide Ideation among Korean 20-64 Years Adults

Eunok Park 한국간호과학회 2015 한국간호과학회 학술대회 Vol.2015 No.10

Level of Core Competencies and Educational Needs in Public Health Workers in Charge of Integrated Health Promotion Programs

Eunok Park,Kyungja Kang,Jihye Oh 한국간호과학회 2015 한국간호과학회 학술대회 Vol.2015 No.10

A Study on Ethics of Arbitrators Focusing on Impartiality and Independence – with Implications for Korea

Eunok Park 한국무역학회 2015 Journal of Korea trade Vol.19 No.4

With many advantages, arbitration has become one of the most effective and efficient dispute resolution systems in international commercial transactions. Since arbitration is a private system that relies on arbitrators, who are also private persons, selecting an arbitrator is one of the most important processes in arbitration. The qualifications for arbitrators vary in different jurisdictions, but the common qualifications regarding arbitrator ethics are defined either in national laws or in the rules of arbitral institutions. Most national laws and arbitral institutions’ rules require arbitrators to be impartial and independent, but their definitions are not clearly determined. Although it seems somewhat late, the KCAB is drafting ‘the Codes of Ethics for Arbitrators’ who are serving for arbitration cases under the jurisdiction of the KCAB. The draft is based on the frame of the IBA Rules of Ethics, but it will need some additions as well as modifications. Upon drafting the ethical codes, it is necessary to clearly determine the meaning of impartiality and independence which are mostly discussed regarding arbitrators’ ethical obligations. Therefore, this paper studies arbitrators’ ethical obligations regulated in the various national laws and the rules of arbitral institutions. This paper mostly focuses on impartiality and independence of arbitrators.

An Evaluative Study on the Quality of Papers on the Effects of the Smoking Prevention Programs in Korea

Eunok Park 한국보건교육건강증진학회 2003 보건교육건강증진학회지 Vol.20 No.4

Individual differences in cardiac vagal tone are associated with differential neural responses to facial expressions at different spatial frequencies: an ERP and sLORETA study.

Park, Gewnhi,Moon, Eunok,Kim, Do-Won,Lee, Seung-Hwan Psychonomic Society 2012 Cognitive, affective & behavioral neuroscience Vol.12 No.4

<P>A previous study has shown that greater cardiac vagal tone, reflecting effective self-regulatory capacity, was correlated with superior visual discrimination of fearful faces at high spatial frequency Park et al. (Biological Psychology 90:171-178, 2012b). The present study investigated whether individual differences in cardiac vagal tone (indexed by heart rate variability) were associated with different event-related brain potentials (ERPs) in response to fearful and neutral faces. Thirty-six healthy participants discriminated the emotion of fearful and neutral faces at broad, high, and low spatial frequencies, while ERPs were recorded. Participants with low resting heart rate variability-characterized by poor functioning of regulatory systems-exhibited significantly greater N200 activity in response to fearful faces at low spatial frequency and greater LPP responses to neutral faces at high spatial frequency. Source analyses-estimated by standardized low-resolution brain electromagnetic tomography (sLORETA)-tended to show that participants with low resting heart rate variability exhibited increased source activity in visual areas, such as the cuneus and the middle occipital gyrus, as compared with participants with high resting heart rate variability. The hyperactive neural activity associated with low cardiac vagal tone may account for hypervigilant response patterns and emotional dysregulation, which heightens the risk of developing physical and emotional problems.</P>

An Evaluative Study on the Quality of Papers on the Effects of the Smoking Prevention Programs in Korea

Park, Eunok Korean Society for Health Education and Promotion 2003 보건교육건강증진학회지 Vol.20 No.4

This investigation was performed to summarize a few prominent features of smoking prevention program studies and to evaluate the quality of smoking prevention program studies using the Quality of Study Rating Form (QSRF). 24 school-based smoking prevention programs were subjected to an evaluation of study quality using QSRF. Study quality was 57.29 points out of 100 points on average, so it cannot be said that study quality was good. Most of the studies described the subjects and the intervention contents and intervention time. 50% stated where the intervention occurred specifically, 50% of the studies either discussed a specific theory that justified the use of one or more intervention methods, or they cited literature said to support the chosen intervention method. Only one study assigned subjects randomly to experimental groups or control groups and 50.0% of the studies showed baseline equality. There was no study where subjects were blind to being in the treatment or control group or where subjects were selected randomly by random sampling procedure. 79.2% of the studies had non-treated control groups and 20.8% of the studies had comparison groups with other treatments in the form of either other delivery methods or other contents. Sample sizes were larger than 21 in the experimental group for all studies. 75% of the studies stated face validity of outcome measure or cited from previous literature. 58.3% of the studies tested reliability and 45.8% reported the reliability measure was a figure of .70 or greater. There was no study where those rating outcomes were rated blind, because researchers generally collected data by themselves. Outcome measures were taken only after the intervention was completed and tests of statistical significance were generally referred to statistical method and p value in all studies. All studies met the criteria that follow-up was greater than 75%. The implications for the future studies were discussed.

농산물 생산이력제가 온라인 구매의향에 미치는 영향

박은옥(Eunok Park),손은일(Eunil Son) 한국인터넷전자상거래학회 2015 인터넷전자상거래연구 Vol.15 No.4

The objectives of this study are: 1) to investigate the effect of agricultural products traceability on attitude of traceability agricultural products; 2) to identify how agricultural products traceability influence online purchasing intention; 3) to identify how attitude of traceability agricultural products influence online purchasing intention; 4) to examine comparison of differences according to purchasing experience. This study conducted a structural equation modeling(SEM) to test the hypotheses between agricultural products traceability and attitude of traceability agricultural products, agricultural products traceability and online purchasing intention, attitude of traceability agricultural products and online purchasing intention. The study’s hypotheses were tested using data collected from a survey of 150 customers who have bought agricultural products. The results of this study suggested that first, convenience of agricultural products traceability positively influences attitude of traceability agricultural products, but trust and safety do not. Second, trust of agricultural products traceability positively influences online purchasing intention, but safety and convenience do not. Third, attitude of traceability agricultural products positively influences online purchasing intention.

제주지역 성인의 사회적 지지와 우울

박은옥(Eunok Park) 한국농촌의학 지역보건학회 2011 농촌의학·지역보건 Vol.36 No.1

본 연구는 성인의 사회적 지지와 우울 정도를 파악하고, 일반적 특성에 따라 사회적 지지와 우울정도를 비교하며, 사회적 지지와 우울 간에 관계를 분석하여 우울에 미치는 사회적 지지의 효과를 파악함으로써, 우울 예방 및 관리를 위한 기초자료를 제공하기 위하여 수행되었다. 본 연구의 자료는 제주특별자치도에서 지원하여 수행한 ‘제주도민 우울실태조사’ 연구과제의 원시자료를 이용하여 이차분석 하였으며, 연구대상은 제주지역에서 계층적 무작위 집락 표출법을 이용하여 선정한 750가구의 성인이었으며, 24명의 훈련된 조사원이 2007년 11월부터 12월까지 가구면접조사를 통해 수집한 1,155명의 자료를 분석하였다. 우울은 The Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression (CES-D)를 이용하였고, 사회적 지지는 The Medical Outcomes Study (MOS) Social Support Survey 도구를 이용하였다. 연구결과, 우울은 평균 11.35점이었고. 사회적 지지는 평균 75.53점이었다. 주관적 건강수준이 낮을수록, 스트레스가 높을수록, 학력이 낮을수록, 결혼상태가 미혼이거나 배우자가 있는 경우보다 이혼 및 사별인 경우, 사회경제적 수준이 낮을수록, 종교가 없는 경우 우울 정도는 더 높은 것으로 나타났다. 이 여섯개의 독립변수가 설명하는 변량은 29.8%였고, 회귀모형은 유의하였다. 사회적 지지가 포함되었을 때, 결혼상태, 사회경제적 수준, 종교는 유의하지 않았고, 사회적 지지와 주관적 건강수준, 스트레스, 교육수준은 우울에 유의한 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났으며, 이 회귀모형을 유의하였고, 설명되는 변량은 36.9%로 사회적 지지가 포함되지 않았을 때보다 7.4%가 증가하였다. 또한 단계적 회귀분석을 하였을 때, 사회적 지지가 설명하는 변량은 22%로 비교적 높았고, 주관적 건강수준으로 설명변량이 11.4% 증가하였고, 스트레스 인지를 추가하여 우울에 대한 설명변량이 2.7%가 증가한 것으로 나타나, 다른 변수들에 비해 사회적 지지의 설명 변량이 높은 편이었고, 회귀계수도 β=-.319로 비교적 큰 편이었다. 사회적 지지는 본 연구에 포함된 다른 여러 변수에 비해 우울을 가장 잘 설명해주는 요인이므로 사회적 지지 강화 프로그램을 마련하여 우울예방과 관리를 위한 하나의 전략으로 활용할 것을 제안한다. Objectives: This study aimed to compare depression and social support according to general characteristics and to investigate the influence of social support on depression. Methods: This study analyzed raw data from a project funded by Jeju Province. Data were collected through home visit interview with 750 households selected by using a randomized cluster sampling method. CES-D was used to measure depression, and the Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey was used to measure social support. The data of 1,155 subjects were analyzed using t-test, ANOVA, and regression. Results: The mean was 11.35 for depression and 75.53 for social support. Women showed a higher depression score and a lower social support score than men did. Older people; the divorced or the bereaved; and those in groups comprising people with lower education, lower social class, poor health, or high stress presented higher depression and lower social support. The result of stepwise regression showed that social support was one of the predictive variables of depression, and 22% of variance was explained by social support in this study. Conclusions: Social support was a powerful predictive variable of depression, and it was suggested that to prevent and manage depression, strategies that enhance social support should be developed and evaluated.

취약계층 노인의 연령별 허약정도와 관련 요인

박은옥(Park, Eunok),유미(Yu, Mi) 한국간호과학회 2016 Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Vol.46 No.6

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate factors affecting frailty by age groups among vulnerable elders in Korea. Methods: In this secondary analysis, data were collected from records for 22,868 eldesr registered in the Visiting Health Management program of Publci Health Centers in 2012. Health behaviors, clinically diagnosed disease, frailty, depression and cognitive condition were assessed. Data were analyzed using stepwise regression to determine the associated factors of frailty by age group. Results: Alcohol consumption, physical activity, number of diseases, DM, CVA, arthritis, urinary incontinence, depression and cognitive condition were found to be factors significantly associated with frailty among the elders aged 65~74 (F=135.66, p<.001). Alcohol consumption, physical activity, CVA, arthritis, urinary incontinence, depression and cognitive condition were found to be factors associated with frailty in the elders aged 75~84 (F=245.40, p<.001). Physical activity, CVA, arthritis, depression and cognitive condition were factors associated with frailty in the elders over 85 years of age (F=96.48, p<.001). Conclusion: The findings show that frailty of elders and associated factors were different by age group, and common factors affecting frailty were physical activity, CVA, arthritis, depression and cognitive condition. Thus, these factors should be considered in the development of intervention program for care and prevention of frailty and program should be modified according to age group.

재가노인 낙상환경위험 평가도구 개발

박은옥(Eunok Park),장인순(Insun Jang) 한국콘텐츠학회 2013 한국콘텐츠학회논문지 Vol.13 No.5

본 연구는 재가노인의 낙상환경위험평가 도구를 개발하고, 신뢰도와 타당도를 검정하는 방법론적 연구이다. 예비문항은 20인의 관련 전문가에 의한 CVI(내용타당도 지수)를 사용한 내용타당도 검정을 실시하여 최종 52문항을 선정하였다. 최종도구의 타당도 및 신뢰도 검정을 위해 65세 이상 재가노인 299명에게 자료수집을 실시하여 분석하였다. 그 결과 조사자간 신뢰도는 1개 문항을 제외한 51개 문항에서 모두 kappa값이 0.80 이상으로 나타나 신뢰도가 인정되었고, 재조사방법을 통하여 나타난 일치율은 45개 문항에서 모두 80.0% 이상으로 나타났다. 구성타당도도 낙상군과 비낙상군간에 낙상환경위험평가 점수가 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 나타내 입증되었다(t=3.50, p=.001). 본 도구는 타당도와 신뢰도가 검증되었고, 낙상예방을 위한 더 안전한 환경의 개발과 관련된 추후연구에 기여할 것이다. The purpose of the study was to develop the home fall prevention checklist for community-dwelling older adults. And the validity and reliability of the checklist were tested. The preliminary questions were developed through content validity by twenty experts using the CVI(Content Validity Index). Following the establishment of content validity, 52 items of the checklist were developed. Responses of 299 community-dwelling older adults were analyzed to further establish both reliability and validity of the checklist. Reliability using cohens kappa coefficient and test-retest reliability(rate of concordance(%)), and construct validity using known-group comparison technique were tested. 51 items were over 0.80 in the cohens kappa coefficient of the checklist, 45 items were over 80.0% in test-retest reliability. Construct validity was established by known-group comparison(t=3.50, p=.001). Validity and reliability of the checklist were confirmed. This checklist will help further studies to develop more safe environment to prevent falls.