Myofibroblast in the ligamentum flavum hypertrophic activity

Hur, Junseok W.,Bae, Taegeun,Ye, Sunghyeok,Kim, Joo-Hyun,Lee, Sunhye,Kim, Kyoungmi,Lee, Seung-Hwan,Kim, Jin-Soo,Lee, Jang-Bo,Cho, Tai-Hyoung,Park, Jung-Yul,Hur, Junho K. Springer-Verlag 2017 European spine journal Vol.26 No.8

<P>We conclude that the transition of fibroblast to myofibroblasts via TGF-beta pathway is a key linker between inflammation and fibrosis in LFH mechanism.</P>

Radiological Significance of Ligamentum Flavum Hypertrophy in the Occurrence of Redundant Nerve Roots of Central Lumbar Spinal Stenosis

Hur, Junseok W.,Hur, Junho K.,Kwon, Taek-Hyun,Park, Youn Kwan,Chung, Hung Seob,Kim, Joo Han The Korean Neurosurgical Society 2012 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.52 No.3

Objective : There were previous reports of redundant nerve roots (RNRs) focused on their clinical significance and pathogenesis. In this study, we investigated the significant radiologic findings that correlate with RNRs occurrence. These relations would provide an advanced clue for clinical significance and pathogenesis of RNRs. Methods : Retrospective research was performed with data from 126 patients who underwent surgery for central lumbar spinal stenosis (LSS). Finally, 106 patients with common denominators (inter-observer accuracy : 84%) were included on this study. We divided the patients into two groups by MRI, patients with RNRs and those with no RNRs (NRNRs). Comparative analyses were performed with clinical and radiologic parameters. Results : RNRs were found in 45 patients (42%) with central LSS. There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups in severity of symptoms. On the other hand, we found statistically significant differences in duration of symptom and number of level included (p<0.05). In the maximal stenotic level, ligamentum flavum (LF) thickness, LF cross-sectional area (CSA), dural sac CSA, and segmental angulation are significantly different in RNRs group compared to NRNRs group (p<0.05). Conclusion : RNRs patients showed clinically longer duration of symptoms and multiple levels included. We also confirmed that wide segmental angulation and LF hypertrophy play a major role of the development of RNRs in central LSS. Together, our results suggest that wide motion in long period contribute to LF hypertrophy, and it might be the key factor of RNRs formation in central LSS.

Risk Factors for Delayed Hinge Fracture after Plate-Augmented Cervical Open-Door Laminoplasty

Hur, Junseok W.,Park, Youn-Kwan,Kim, Bum-Joon,Moon, Hong-Joo,Kim, Joo-Han The Korean Neurosurgical Society 2016 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.59 No.4

Objective : Delayed hinge fracture (HF) that develops after cervical open door laminoplasty can be a source of postoperative complications such as axial pain. However, risk factors related to this complication remain unclear. We performed a retrospective clinical series to determine risk factors for delayed HF following plate-only open-door cervical laminoplasty. Methods : Patients who underwent plate-only open-door laminoplasty and had available postoperative computed tomography (CT) scans (80 patients with 270 laminae) were enrolled. Hinge status, hinge gutter location, open location, hinge width, number of screws used, operation level, and open angle were observed in the CT to determine radiographic outcome. Demographic data were collected as well. Radiographic and clinical parameters were analyzed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis to determine the risk factors for HF. Results : Univariate logistic regression analysis results indicated poor initial hinge status, medially placed hinge gutter, double screw fixation on the elevated lamina, upper surgical level, and wide open angle as predictors for HF (p<0.05). Initial hinge status seemed to be the most powerful risk factor for HF (p=0.000) and thus was collinear with other variables. Therefore, multivariate logistic regression analysis was performed excluding initial hinge status, and the results indicated that medially placed hinge gutter, double screw fixation on the elevated lamina, and upper surgical level were risk factors for HF after adjustment for other confounding factors. Conclusion : To prevent HF and to draw a successful postoperative outcome after cervical laminoplasty, surgical and clinical precautions should be considered.

RTBSS: 실시간 블록 공유를 지원하는 블록 프로그래밍 시스템 구현

천준석 (Junseok Cheon),김연어(Yeoneo Kim),류샤오(Xiao Liu),허태광(Taekwang Hur),변석우(Sugwoo Byun),우균(Gyun Woo) 대한전자공학회 2020 대한전자공학회 학술대회 Vol.2020 No.8

정보 프라이버시 관련 이용자 태도 및 행동 연구

허정(Jung Hur),김승현(Seunghyun Kim),차남준(Namjun Cha),황준석(Junseok Hwang) 한국정보사회학회 2016 정보사회와 미디어 Vol.17 No.3

ICT기술의 발전은 일상을 더욱 편리하고 풍요롭게 하는 방향으로 변화하고 있다. 그러나 이를 위한 개인 정보의 데이터 베이스화는 개인 정보의 침해문제와 직결된다. 특히 금융 산업에서의 기술적 혁신은 이러한 문제와 더욱 직접적으로 관련되어 있다. 현재 널리 사용되고 있는 플라스틱 신용카드 및 체크카드는 온라인 결제로 진화하였고, 최근에는 모바일 기기를 중심으로 한 모바일 결제가 대중화 되고 있는 상황이다. 이러한 다양한 지급결제 서비스의 등장은 서비스의 이용을 위해서 개인정보에 대한 제공을 요구하고 있고 이러한 경향은 새로운 형태의 지급결제 서비스 사용에 대한 수용 저항성을 야기시킨다고 알려져 있다. 그러나 최근에는 새로운 지급결제 서비스의 장점 때문에 개인정보를 기꺼이 제공하고 서비스를 사용하는 사용자들의 사용자가 증가하기 시작했으며, 모바일 서비스와 같은 최신의 서비스에서 그러한 경향이 더욱 두드러지고 있다. 하지만 개인정보 제공에 대한 저항성과 효용 사이에는 뚜렷하게 일관되는 관계가 관찰되지는 않는다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 새로운 지급결제 서비스를 통해 사용자가 인지하는 이익과 위험의 차이를 분석하여, 서비스 혁신에 따른 이용자들의 편의성 증감에 대하여 살펴본다. 또한 결과를 통해 혁신적 지급결제 서비스 방식의 확산을 위한 공공 영역의 활동을 제안한다. Advancement of ICT makes our life more affluent and convenient. However private information database for new services involves the violation of privacy. Especially, this issue is more important in the financial industry such as internet banking, mobile banking and payment. Plastic card used generally evolved to the online payment, and then mobile payment service have become more popular recently. It is necessary to provide private information for online or mobile payment services, and the aspect of privacy have been known as occurring the resistance toward the innovative service usages. But many users who want to provide their own information gladly appear especially in the mobile payment services. In this research, we analyze the gap between risk and benefit coming from the payment system innovation and privacy management. From the results, we propose public and private activities for the diffusion of innovative payment systems.

API 호출 분석을 이용한 패커 분류

허태광(Taekwang Hur),김연어(Yeoneo Kim),천준석(Junseok Cheon),류샤오(Xiao Liu),변석우(Sugwoo Byun),우균(Gyun Woo) 대한전자공학회 2020 대한전자공학회 학술대회 Vol.2020 No.8

Current Concepts in the Treatment of Traumatic C2 Vertebral Fracture : A Literature Review

Subum Lee,Junseok W Hur,Younggyu Oh,Sungjae An,Gi-Yong Yun,Jae-Min Ahn 대한신경외과학회 2024 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.67 No.1

The integrity of the high cervical spine, the transition zone from the brainstem to the spinal cord, is crucial for survival and daily life. The region protects the enclosed neurovascular structure and allows a substantial portion of the head motion. Injuries of the high cervical spine are frequent, and the fractures of the C2 vertebra account for approximately 17–25% of acute cervical fractures. We review the two major types of C2 vertebral fractures, odontoid fracture and Hangman’s fracture. For both types of fractures, favorable outcomes could be obtained if the delicately selected conservative treatment is performed. In odontoid fractures, as the most common fracture on the C2 vertebrae, anterior screw fixation is considered first for type II fractures, and C1–2 fusion is suggested when nonunion is a concern or occurs. Hangman's fractures are the second most common fracture. Many stable extension type I and II fractures can be treated with external immobilization, whereas the predominant flexion type IIA and III fractures require surgical stabilization. No result proves that either anterior or posterior surgery is superior, and the surgeon should decide on the surgical method after careful consideration according to each clinical situation. This review will briefly describe the basic principles and current treatment concepts of C2 fractures.

Surgery versus Nerve Blocks for Lumbar Disc Herniation : Quantitative Analysis of Radiological Factors as a Predictor for Successful Outcomes

Kim, Joohyun,Hur, Junseok W.,Lee, Jang-Bo,Park, Jung Yul The Korean Neurosurgical Society 2016 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.59 No.5

Objective : To assess the clinical and radiological factors as predictors for successful outcomes in lumbar disc herniation (LDH) treatment. Methods : Two groups of patients with single level LDH (L4-5) requiring treatment were retrospectively studied. The surgery group (SG) included 34 patients, and 30 patients who initially refused the surgery were included in the nerve blocks group (NG). A visual analogue scale (VAS) for leg and back pain and motor deficit were initially evaluated before procedures, and repeated at 1, 6, and 12 months. Radiological factors including the disc herniation length, disc herniation area, canal length-occupying ratio, and canal area-occupying ratio were measured and compared. Predicting factors of successful outcomes were determined with multivariate logistic regression analysis after the optimal cut off values were established with a receiver operating characteristic curve. Results : There was no significant demographic difference between two groups. A multivariate logistic regression analysis with radiological and clinical (12 months follow-up) data revealed that the high disc herniation length with cutoff value 6.31 mm [odds ratio (OR) 2.35; confidence interval (CI) 1.21-3.98] was a predictor of successful outcomes of leg pain relief in the SG. The low disc herniation length with cutoff value 6.23 mm (OR 0.05; CI 0.003-0.89) and high baseline VAS leg (OR 12.63; CI 1.64-97.45) were identified as predictors of successful outcomes of leg pain relief in the NG. Conclusion : The patients with the disc herniation length larger than 6.31 mm showed successful outcomes with surgery whereas the patients with the disc herniation length less than 6.23 mm showed successful outcomes with nerve block. These results could be considered as a radiological criteria in choosing optimal treatment options for LDH.

Extraocular Pressure Measurements to Avoid Orbital Compartment Syndrome in Aneurysm Surgery

Kim, Tae-Shin,Hur, Junseok W.,Park, Dong-Hyuk,Kang, Shin-Hyuk,Park, Jung-Yul,Chung, Yong-Gu,Park, Kyung-Jae Elsevier 2018 World neurosurgery Vol.118 No.-

<P><B>Background</B></P> <P>Orbital compartment syndrome (OCS) is a rare but devastating complication following pterional craniotomy. Although the causes of OCS are unclear, external compression of the orbit by a myocutaneous flap is commonly mentioned as a major factor. We evaluated the ocular influence of external compression using an extraocular pressure monitor.</P> <P><B>Methods</B></P> <P>We measured extraocular pressure in 86 patients who underwent surgery for cerebral aneurysm via a pterional approach. Clinical information and radiologic parameters, including the area of the medial rectus muscle (MRM) and the craniotomy height from the bottom of the anterior skull base, were collected. As a control group, 117 patients who underwent surgery without pressure monitoring were also evaluated.</P> <P><B>Results</B></P> <P>Extraocular pressure reached a maximum during craniotomy (mean, 22.0 mm Hg; range, 18.4–51.0 mm Hg) and decreased after myocutaneous flap adjustment (mean, 7.9 mm Hg; range, 5.4–17.5 mm Hg). Pressure before myocutaneous flap manipulation differed between patients with anterior communicating artery (Acomm) aneurysms and other patients (mean, 16.5 mm Hg vs. 9.4 mm Hg; <I>P =</I> 0.003). Among Acomm aneurysm cases, the monitored group showed a significantly lower MRM swelling ratio (postoperative MRM area/preoperative MRM area) compared with the control group (1.03 ± 0.10 vs. 1.17 ± 0.15; <I>P</I> = 0.036).</P> <P><B>Conclusions</B></P> <P>Myocutaneous flaps can produce unnoticed overpressure on the orbit, resulting in OCS-related blindness during aneurysm clipping surgery, especially in cases involving mandatory lower craniotomy. The continuous extraocular compressive pressure monitoring technique is a simple and effective approach to prevent such a serious complication.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Orbital compartment syndrome (OCS) may follow craniotomy for aneurysm surgery. </LI> <LI> OCS can be caused by excessive orbit compression by myocutaneous flap. </LI> <LI> We measured the external compressive pressure on the orbit during aneurysm surgery. </LI> <LI> We demonstrated the feasibility of this simple method to reduce the risk of OCS. </LI> </UL> </P>

Analyzing the Code Quality Issues in Java Programming Assignments

Xiao Liu,Yeoneo Kim,Junseok Cheon,Taekwang Hur,Sugwoo Byun,Gyun Woo 대한전자공학회 2020 대한전자공학회 학술대회 Vol.2020 No.8

This article detects and analyzes the code quality issues (CQIs) in students’ Java programs to discover what kinds of CQIs affect the students’ programming quality most frequently and provides possible solutions to fix such issues. We use a code quality detector named SonarQube to detect two thousand programs submitted by students in the past Java programming course. We generate the solutions based on the feedback of SonarQube and re-detect the programs after modifying them to verify the improvement of code quality. The result indicates the CQIs in students" programs are diverse and numerous. The solutions for fixing such issues are efficient. The result drives us to look forward to apply the code quality detection as a sub-function of an online judge to help students to improve their programming quality by themselves in the future.