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DEVELOPMENT OF A FLOW NETWORK SIMULATION PROGRAM PART I – FLOW ANALYSIS
임정환,황용서 한국자동차공학회 2009 International journal of automotive technology Vol.10 No.6
An in-house simulation program was developed that can be utilized to predict flow characteristics such as pressure and velocities in any flow network system comprising multiple flow components, i.e., pipe, pump, heat exchanger, valves, etc. Although the code is intended for applications to network flow systems in a vehicle, it is written in a generalized manner to handle any possible network configuration of flow components. Therefore, it can easily function in various industrial applications. The network system where the flow is assumed to be one-dimensional is mathematically formulated by applying two conservation rules, mass and energy, to each flow component. These rules produce a set of non-linear equations. These non-linear equations are solved iteratively by adopting the Newton-Raphson scheme. This program has been tested in many different cases to demonstrate its validity and applicability. In this paper, two examples are introduced to show how the program can be used to find solutions in real engineering problems. Throughout the study, it was found that the code can most efficiently be used to verify a proposed design concept in an early design stage of the vehicle development cycle. The thermal analysis portion of the program will be dealt with in Part II of the paper. An in-house simulation program was developed that can be utilized to predict flow characteristics such as pressure and velocities in any flow network system comprising multiple flow components, i.e., pipe, pump, heat exchanger, valves, etc. Although the code is intended for applications to network flow systems in a vehicle, it is written in a generalized manner to handle any possible network configuration of flow components. Therefore, it can easily function in various industrial applications. The network system where the flow is assumed to be one-dimensional is mathematically formulated by applying two conservation rules, mass and energy, to each flow component. These rules produce a set of non-linear equations. These non-linear equations are solved iteratively by adopting the Newton-Raphson scheme. This program has been tested in many different cases to demonstrate its validity and applicability. In this paper, two examples are introduced to show how the program can be used to find solutions in real engineering problems. Throughout the study, it was found that the code can most efficiently be used to verify a proposed design concept in an early design stage of the vehicle development cycle. The thermal analysis portion of the program will be dealt with in Part II of the paper.
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협동조합형 금융회사의 중앙회를 위한 정보보호 인력 및 예산의 적정성에 관한 연구
임정환,김인석 한국인터넷방송통신학회 2016 한국인터넷방송통신학회 논문지 Vol.16 No.3
협동조합형 금융회사란 협동조합 원칙에 따라 다수의 금융회사(일명 ‘조합’)와 이를 지도·감독하는 중앙 조직인 중앙회로 구성되어 있다. 조합은 일정 지역 내 조합원을 바탕으로 운영되고 그 규모가 영세하기 때문에, IT 및 정보보호업무를 중앙회를 통해 위탁 구축·운영·관리하고 있다. 그러나, 금융당국은 전자금융거래법 하위규정인 전자금융감독규정을 통해 IT 및 정보보호 기준을 제시함에 있어 주식회사형 금융회사인 상업은행의 현황을 주로 고려하여 제시하였기 때문에, 협동조합형 금융회사 중 중앙회에는 적절하지 않다. 본 논문에서는 조합의 IT 및 정보보호 업무를 위탁받아 수행하는 중앙회 관점에서 정보보호 측면에서의 현황 및 고려사항을 확인하고, 개선사항을 제시함으로써, 협동조합형 금융회사의 중앙회를 위한 효율적인 정보보호 인력 및 예산 수립기준을 제안하고자 한다. A financial institution operated by cooperatives, abiding by the principle set by the cooperative federation, is comprised of a numerous financial institutions. Most of these small institutions are operated within local areas, providing financial services for coop members. The Financial Supervisory Regulations that supervises security professionals, organizations, and budgets are established entirely based on commercial banks in which the application of these regulations on coop financial institutions may not be proper. This paper aims to provide an efficient IT security policy for nation-wide financial institutions operated by the Cooperative Federation by analyzing its security personnel managements and adequacy.
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林貞煥 대구교육대학교 1965 論文集 Vol.1 No.-
1. 慶尙北道 軍威郡 山城面 三山洞所在 沓 6個地區에서 1964年 7月부터 10月에 걸쳐 殺蟲劑 散布에 따른 眞正蜘蛛目의 個體數 變動에 關한 調査를 하였다. 2. 殺蟲劑 散布에 따라 眞正蜘蛛目의 個體數가 顯著하게 減少하였으며, 無散布區에 比해서 減少한 期間은 60日間 以上 繼續되었다. 3. 各種 殺蟲劑 散布에 따른 眞正蜘蛛目의 減少는 BHC가 5∼24%로서 가장 甚한 影響을 주며, EPN가 43∼60%로서 다음이고, E ·P는 45∼86%, M ·P는 47∼88%였으며, Dipterex는 60∼98%로서 가장 影響이 弱하였다. 4. E ·P ·M ·P 散布의 境遇는 個體數回復이 EPN Dipterex BHC에 比해 15日 程度 빨랐다. 5. BHC 및 Dipterex 以外의 散布 境遇는 個體數 回復後 無防除의 境遇보다 大體로 增加하는 傾向을 보여 주었다. 1. A field investigation on the change of ARAEINA populations after the diffusion of insecticide was made in 6 rice-paddies located at Samsan-Dong Sansung-Myun, Koonwi-Koon, Kyungsang-Pookdo from July, 1964 to Oct., 1964. 2. The diffusion of insecticide decreased the ARAEINA populations remarkably, and the decreasing period of spiders stretched 60 days compared with the areas with no insecticide diffusion. 3. The decreasing of ARAEINA after the diffusion of different insecticide ranged as follows: BHC (5∼24%); EPN (43∼60%); E ·P (45∼86%); M ·P (47∼88%); Dipterex (60∼98%); 4. In the case of insectieside E ·P and M ·P diffusion, the revival of the individual number was about 15 days earlier than in the case EPN, BHC and Diperex. 5. Except in BHC and Dipterex diffusion, after the revival of individual number the multiplication of individual number increased than in the areas with no insecticide diffusion.
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林貞煥 대구교육대학교 1971 論文集 Vol.7 No.-
1971年 3月부터 1972年 2月까지 4個(都市 2, 農村2)의 國民學校 1學年에서 6學年까지의 兒童 3,032 名(都市 1,604 名 農村 1,428名)을 對象으로 科學的 思考의 發達過程에 對해서 硏究調査하여 다음과 같은 結果를 얻었다. 1. 科學的 思考의 型은 人間의 發達過程에 있어서 最初에는 Animism的 思考, 다음에는 現象論的 思考, 그 다음에는 論理的 思考로 轉移되어 감을 推定할 수 있다. 2. 1學年 段階는 Animism的 思考期에서 차츰 現象論的 思考期로 移行하는 時期이고 2,3學年 段階는 現象論的 思考가 旺盛한 時期이고 4學年 段階는 現象論的 思考로부터 차츰 論理的 思考期로 移行하는 時期이며, 5,6學年에 이르러서는 論理的 思考가 顯著하게 나타나는 時期라고 推定할 수 있다. 3. 現象的 思考의 移行期에 目的論的 思考의 모습을 볼 수 있다. 4. 農村 어린이들은 都市 어린이들에 比해서 科學的 思考의 轉換度가 느린 것 같다. 5. 男子는 女子에 比해서 科學的 思考의 發達過程이 一般的으로 빠른 것 같다. 以上의 結果에서 미루어 보아 自然科 學習指導는 科學的 思考의 發達過程을 重視해서 이 過程上에 알맞는 敎材를 選定하고 配列함으로써 創造性이 풍부한 人間을 敎育할 수 있다고 생각한다. 1學年 段階에서는 풍부한 想象力을 기름과 同時에 自然現象을 觀察해서 解決하는 方向으로 2,3,4學年 段階에서는 自然現象을 感覺으로 捕捉해서 解決하는 能力을 기르는 方向으로, 그리고 高學年에서는 感覺으로 捕捉한 것을 因果關係적으로 解決하는 能力을 기르는 方向으로 指導해야 된다고 생각한다. Four Elementary Schools (2 in the city and 2 inthe countryside) participated in a research program from March 1971 to February 1972, conducted to determine the degree of development, from the 1st through the 6th grade, of scientific thinking n 3,032 students (1,604 city-1,428 countryside). The following is the result of my research: 1) It is supposed that in the process of human development, scientific thinking has gone through 3 stages of development consisting of Animismic thinking, Phenomenal thinking and Logical thinking. 2) It was noted that the 1st grade is a period in which Animismic thinking is gradually replaced by Phenomenal thinking; in the 2nd and 3rd grades was fully developed the Phenomenal thinking level so that starting from the 4th grade students begin to develop into the Logical thinking level. This level is conspicuously noticeable when the students are in the 5th and 6th grades. 3) While Phenomenal thinking is being developed we can see the presence of teleological thinking. 4) It seemed that the country school children are slower than the city school children in the length of time of change between any two of the level. 5) The developement of scientific thinking seemed to come much quicker in the boys tested than in the girls tested. From these results, the testor feels that for the proper instruction of natural science emphasis should be placed on the developmental stage of scientific thinking and suitable teaching materials, which should be selected and ordered to foster the spirit of creativity or a creative disposition in our young people. In the 1st grade there must be an effort to cultivate the tremendous imagination of the children simultaneouly with an introduction to Natural phenomena observed in the natural world around them. In the 2nd, 3rd and 4th grades an effort must be made to help them develop the ability to grasp natural phenomena through senses and solve them. Finally as the students are in the final grades, instruction should be directed in such a way as to refine the decision-making ability to solve what has been grasped through the senses by means of cause-effect relationships.
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