북,일 납치문제 재조사 합의의 겉과 속 북(北), 대(對)일 합의로 한,미,일,중북핵 공조체계 약화시켜

임상순 평화문제연구소 2014 통일한국 Vol.367 No.-

영어전치사 구문에서 전치사 선택의 도상성에 관하여

임상순 서울市立大學校 1991 論文集 Vol.25 No.-

The selection of a preposition in English prepositional constructions is determined by the iconicity between the form or structure of an expression and the object or situation expressed. This iconicity is reflected in the English prepositional construction by metaphor, a cognitive process. When a form or structure of an expression bears an intrinsic resemblance to the situation which the expression depicts, the relationship between the form and the situation can be said to reflect iconicity between them. The preposition 'with' in English has the prototypical meaning 'togetherness', which represents a relationship between two concrete objects. But this prototypical meaning is extended to abstract situations by means of metaphor, because the abstract situation can be conceived as a concrete one through metaphor. Thus the concrete situation and the abstract one constitute a single category, which makes possible the use of a single preposition for both the contrete and abstract sitrations. This kind of metaphor occurs also in the temporal use of spatial prepositions in English.

현대영어의 은유적 표현에 있어서 어휘선택의 도상성에 관하여

任商淳 서울市立大學校 1990 論文集 Vol.24 No.-

It can be said that extra-linguistic phenomena should be included in the study of language, especially in the study of syntax. For example, word choice is detemined by a speaker through taking into account what shape a situation take in the speaker's percepion/cognition of the situation when he conceives it. When there is coincidence between the form of a situation a speaker is going to express and the lexical meaning of a word selected for that expression the relation between the signatum and the signans is called linguistic iconicity. Word choice in English metaphorical expressions is determined by this iconicity, it can be said. (a) You're in high spirits. (b) He's been low spirits these days. In sentences (a) and (b) above, although spirits are not words denoting objects with spatial height, they are modified by words denoting spatial height. This is because the speaker conceives the situation in terms of spatial dimension. Then he matches the conceived situation with the words of spatial height and chooses the right word for the situation. So in metaphorical expressions like those above, iconicity is reflected indirectly in the expression. This may be called 'metaphorical iconicity'. In the present syudy, I exanmimed some English metaphorical expressions with words of spatial concept and discovered that metaphorical iconicity is reflected in determining word choice in English metaphorical expressions.

담화 구조에 의한 영여변형의 분석

임상순 서울市立大學校 1983 論文集 Vol.17 No.-

If it is assumed that Englsih transformations have psychological reality, whatever they may be, it appeared clear through a discourse analysis of dative-movement, passivization, and pronominalization of 'it' and 'that' that these transformstims are syntactic devices chosen by discourse structure to carry out some functions of the discourse structure in human communication. It is, thereforer, important to explain why the transformations occur-their functions in communication-as well as to show what transformations are and how they are performed. It was argued in this study that such an explanation can be brought into light only through the study of discourse.

북한의 2003년 NPT레짐 이탈에 관한 연구 : 북미 간 양자게임구조 변화를 중심으로

임상순 동국대학교 북한학연구소 2008 북한학연구 Vol.4 No.1

2003년 1월 10일 북한이 NPT레짐 이탈을 공식선언함으로써, 1994년에 성립된 북미제네바 합의는 완전히 파기되었다. 이후, 북한의 NPT레짐 복귀를 둘러싸고 6자회담이 진행되고 있다. 본인은 이 글에서 제 1차 북 핵 위기 때의 북미 간 양자게임이, 제 2차 북 핵 위기에 와서 다자게임으로 전환된 이유와 그 타당성을 이론적으로 설명하고자 하였다. 이를 위하여, ‘국제레짐이론의 게임모형’과 ‘정책결정자의 게임구조 인식과 게임구조 완성모형’을 북한과 미국의 국내외 상황에 적용하여 분석하였다. 이를 통하여, 1994년 북미제네바 합의가 성립되던 당시 북한과 미국의 게임구조는, 양자협의에 의하여 해결이 가능한 ‘치킨 게임구조’이었음을 확인할 수 있었고, 2003년 북한이 NPT레짐을 이탈할 당시의 북한과 미국의 게임구조는, (신자유주의 학파의 주장 데로 국제레짐 형성이 필요한) ‘죄수의 딜레마 게임구조’임을 확인할 수 있었다. 이러한 측면에서, 현재의 6자회담은 이론적으로 매우 큰 의미가 있다. 6자회담 참가국 모두가 만족할 수 있는‘(어느정도) 강제력을 가진 안보레짐’이 형성된다면, 제 2차 북 핵 위기는 자연스럽게 해결될 것이고, 한반도의 안정은 더욱 공고해 질 것이다. January 2003, North Korea broke away from NPT regime. So, the Geneva Agreed Framework between U.S and North Korea was broken. The nuclear conflict began again(The 2nd North Korean nuclear crisis). The 2nd North Korean nuclear crisis has not resolved by bilateral talk between North Korea and U.S. Instead of this, the Six-Party talks(U.S, North Korea, Russia, China, Japan and South Korea) has talked together. What's the difference between the 1st North Korean nuclear crisis and the 2nd North Korean nuclear crisis? The object of this study is finding the answer of above question. To find the answer, I used 'regime theory' and 'game theory'. During the 2nd North Korean nuclear crisis, leadership factors and international factors of North Korea were relatively strong and those of U. S were very strong. In addition that, U.S and North Korea disbelieve each other. Because that situation, the game structure had been 'Prisoner's dilemma Game' structure. (The game structure of the 1st North Korean nuclear crisis was 'Chicken Game' structure.) 'Chicken Game' and 'Prisoner's dilemma Game' have different 'Nash Equilibrium' point. In game theory, 'Nash Equilibrium' means the point that neither player has an incentive to change its strategy unilaterally. In international situation, when each nation happens to choose its respective strategy, any one nation cannot more gain from changing its strategy if none of its opponents do not change their strategies. So, If the evasion strategy of common aversion is the 'Nash equilibrium', to evade it need not the regime formation, but, if common interests dilemma strategy is the 'Nash equilibrium', to achieve the common interests need the regime formation. The former situation is the 1st North Korean nuclear crisis. So, though regime didn't form, the crisis resolved. The latter situation is the 2nd North Korean nuclear crisis. So, without regime formation, the crisis would not be resolved. Now, the six-nation talks is being held to resolve 2nd North Korean nuclear crisis. In the six-nations talks, six nations are searching the answer which all nations participated in the talks satisfying. If, in the six-nations talks, six nations come to an agreement to form regime, the 2nd North Korean nuclear crisis will resolve.

영어 통사구조의 도상성에 관한 연구

임상순 서울市立大學校 1989 論文集 Vol.23 No.-

The aim of this paper is to explain the relationship betwen meaning and syntactic structures of dative constructions, complement constructions, and coordinate constructions in English in terms of the concept, iconicity which has been developed by Haiman (1985 and 1986). In transformational generative grammar, the sentence 'I taught him German' was believed to be related to the sentence I taught German to him' by a transformational rule of dative movement. In discourse analysis, it is argued which of the two NPs 'German' and 'him' is chosen as the topic of a sentence can be determined by its discourse structure. But neither the TG frammar analysis nor the discourse analysis seems to show the fact that he knows German as the result of my teaching in the first sentence, but this is not implied in the sencond. However, the fact that in the first sentence the dative and the accusative NP occur adjacently reflects iconically the fact that 'he carries German', which actually means he knows German. In the same way, the choice of English complementizers can be shown to be detemined by the linguistic distance between the main verb and its complement construction. The linguitic distance is the icon of the conceptual distance between the meaning of the main verb and the content of its complement construction. Finally, in the sentence 'He heard an explosion and he (therefore) phone the police', S₁and S₂are not simply connected coordinately. The cause always precedes the effect in the real world, and this phenomenon is linguistically captured by way of the ironicity of linguistic expressions. S₁is the cause and S₂the effect, so S₁precedes S₂in the above sentence. The iconicity of a linguistic expression can explain the relationship between meaning and a linguistic form, and the theoretical and pedagogical implication of the linguistic ironicity can be extended to other constructions in English such as cusative constructions, particle movement, and phrasal verb constructions.

북핵문제를 둘러싼 미국과 북한의 전략 연구: 트럼프 행정부 시기를 중심으로

임상순 동국대학교 북한학연구소 2020 북한학연구 Vol.16 No.1

본 연구는 2017년 1월 트럼프 대통령 취임부터 2020년 1월 코로나-19사태가 본격화 되기 전까지의 기간에 북핵문제를 둘러싸고 벌어진 북한과 미국의 대화와 대결을 전략적 측면에서 분석한다. 지난 3년간 트럼프 행정부는 북한의 완전하고, 검증가능하며, 되돌릴 수 없는 비핵화(CVID)를 실현하기 위해 ‘패권에 기반한 포위압박과 협상 병행 전략’을 구사했고, 김정은 정권은 트럼프 행정부의 대 북핵 전략에 대하여 정권안정과 대북제재 완화를 목표로 한 ‘균형 수단을 활용한 포위 돌파 전략’으로 대응하였다. The main purpose of this article is to review what is taking place related to the North Korean Nuclear Issue and analyze the strategies of Kim Jung-eun regime and Trump administration surrounding this topic. The North Korea Nuclear issue has no longer been placed in the top priority these days in the Trump administration due to the overwhelming of Corona-19 Pandemic. Therefore, even though the term of Trump President has not been ended, this research can be regarded to review how to respond to the North Korea nuclear issue of (the first term) Trump Administration all period. Based on the review of the original documents of both North Korea government and the United States one, this author has concluded that Trump administration has used the 'Siege and Pressure' and 'Negotiation' Strategy to force and persuade North Korea regime to renounce Nuclear Armament. In response to this Trump strategy, Kim Jung-eun regime has pursued the 'Regime Stability' and 'Sanctions Relief' through the 'Breakthrough Strategy'.

영어의 지배와 격에 관하여

任商淳 서울市立大學校 1986 論文集 Vol.20 No.1

Through the analysis of the government and case theory suggested in chomsky(1981), I found that the verbs seem and try show some kind of problematic cases in the government and case theory respectively. But any solution to the problems was not attempted in this piece.

영어 부가 의문문의 의미 분석

임상순 서울市立大學校 1984 論文集 Vol.18 No.-

In this study of English tag questions, it appears quite clear that the meaning of tags depends upon the speaker's belief about the hearer and about the proposition represented in the declarative or imperative stems. A conclusion can be drawn out of the a analysis of tag questions and the so-called imperative-plus-tags, that is, an adequate explanation of tags should be attempted in a discourse context.

영어 진행형의 시제와 상에 관하여

임상순 서울市立大學校 1982 論文集 Vol.16 No.-

In this study on the tense and aspect of English V-ing forms, it was argued that the form ought to be categorized into aspect, based on an examination of some scholars' view of the tense and aspect concerning the English V-ing forms. The essential semantic feature of the English V-ing form as aspect was characterized as follows: the speaker views the situation psychologically within the situation itself as an actual being. And this basic meaning is expanded into various phases of the situation.