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이봉직(李奉稙) 아동문학평론사 2022 兒童文學評論 Vol.47 No.2

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이봉직(李奉稙) 아동문학평론사 2016 兒童文學評論 Vol.41 No.1

傾斜荷重이 作用하는 얕은 基礎에 設置된 Geogrid의 補强效果

李鳳職,吳世旭 충주대 산업과학기술연구소 2001 産業科學論文集 Vol.9 No.-

A series of model tests was performed for behaviour characteristics of the shallow foundation on sand and sand-clay using the geogrid-reinforced members. The relative density of soil was made to be 55%, 65%, 75% using raining method and the intervals of geogrid placement was increased by 0.25, 0.333, 0.5 times of the foundation width, respectively. As a results of model tests, average bearing capacity was increased by four times in case of relative density 55% and by three times in case of relative density 75%, indicating higher reinforcing effect at low sand density than at high density. The ultimate bearing capacity of shallow foundation geogrid supported by reinforced sand were determined under various angles of inclined loadings(ψ=0˚, 7˚, 14˚, 21˚, 28˚). Based on the test results, the ultimate bearing capacity increases with increase of relative density of sand and the ultimate bearing capacity ratio (BCRu) decreases with the increase of relative density of sand.

재발성 아프타성 궤양의 원인과 기전

서봉직,이경은,Suh, Bong-Jik,Lee, Kyung-Eun 대한안면통증구강내과학회 2008 Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain Vol.33 No.2

Recurrent aphthous stomatitis is common oral disease in the world. It is characterized by multiple, recurrent, painful ulcer with circumscribed margins, erythematous haloes and yellow or grey floors. Patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis suffer from its painful ulcer. But unfortunately, its etiology and pathogenesis is not clear and still unknown. So we review etiology and pathogenesis of recurrent aphthous ulcer and wish to propose direction of the future study.

Endoscopic Versus Traditional Craniofacial Resection for Patients with Sinonasal Tumors Involving the Anterior Skull Base

김봉직,김대우,김시환,한두희,김동영,이재서,이철희 대한이비인후과학회 2008 Clinical and Experimental Otorhinolaryngology Vol.1 No.3

Objectives. With the advent of microdebriders and image guidance systems, endoscope-assisted surgery is now more widely used for the treatment of tumors involving the base of the skull. The aim of this study was to analyze the clinical features of tumors involving the anterior skull base and to evaluate the treatment outcomes according to the surgical approach, which included the traditional craniofacial resection (TCFR) and the endoscopic craniofacial resection with craniotomy (ECFR). Methods. Forty-six patients who underwent craniofacial resection from 1989 through 2006 at Seoul National University Hospital and Seoul National University Bundang Hospital were included in this study. Demographics, histology, surgical management, surgical outcomes, complications, and morbidity were analyzed. Results. The number of malignant and benign lesions was 40 and 6 cases respectively. The most common diagnosis was olfactory neuroblastoma occurring in 41% of the cases followed by squamous cell carcinoma and malignant melanoma. Thirty-six patients underwent TCFR, while ECFR was performed with or without adjunctive chemotherapy or radiotherapy in 10 patients. The overall five-year survival rate for patients with malignant tumors of the anterior skull base was 47.4%. Out of 19 patients with olfactory neuroblastomas, 10 patients had TCFR and six among them died of their disease. Nine patients underwent ECFR, and none of them died of their disease. The ECFR group had lower morbidity and cosmetic deformity than did the TCFR group. Conclusion. The ECFR may be considered as an alternative option for the treatment of selected tumors with anterior skull base invasion. This approach offers the advantages of avoiding facial incisions with comparable treatment results. Objectives. With the advent of microdebriders and image guidance systems, endoscope-assisted surgery is now more widely used for the treatment of tumors involving the base of the skull. The aim of this study was to analyze the clinical features of tumors involving the anterior skull base and to evaluate the treatment outcomes according to the surgical approach, which included the traditional craniofacial resection (TCFR) and the endoscopic craniofacial resection with craniotomy (ECFR). Methods. Forty-six patients who underwent craniofacial resection from 1989 through 2006 at Seoul National University Hospital and Seoul National University Bundang Hospital were included in this study. Demographics, histology, surgical management, surgical outcomes, complications, and morbidity were analyzed. Results. The number of malignant and benign lesions was 40 and 6 cases respectively. The most common diagnosis was olfactory neuroblastoma occurring in 41% of the cases followed by squamous cell carcinoma and malignant melanoma. Thirty-six patients underwent TCFR, while ECFR was performed with or without adjunctive chemotherapy or radiotherapy in 10 patients. The overall five-year survival rate for patients with malignant tumors of the anterior skull base was 47.4%. Out of 19 patients with olfactory neuroblastomas, 10 patients had TCFR and six among them died of their disease. Nine patients underwent ECFR, and none of them died of their disease. The ECFR group had lower morbidity and cosmetic deformity than did the TCFR group. Conclusion. The ECFR may be considered as an alternative option for the treatment of selected tumors with anterior skull base invasion. This approach offers the advantages of avoiding facial incisions with comparable treatment results.

스트레스하에서 구강안면동통 경험이 심리적 증상에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

서봉직,Suh, Bong-Jik 대한안면통증구강내과학회 1999 Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain Vol.24 No.2

The author studied the prevalence and sites of orofacial pain during the latest 6 months, and psychologic symptoms under the emotional stress through SCL-90-R in thirty-five dental students(nineteen men and sixteen women) of school of Dentistry, Chonbuk National University. 26 students(74.3%), 12 men and 14 women, experienced the orofacial pain; headache, toothache, facial & buccal pain, TMJ pain and intraoral pain were occurred in 51.4%, 37.1%, 25.7%, 17.1% and 17.1% respectively. In psychological scores in before-, during- and after examination, there was no significant difference between men and women. On the other hand, when these scores were compared each other in one group with orofacial pain experience and the other group without pain experience, the former showed significantly higher values in somatization, depression, hostility, and paranoid ideation dimension before examination, interpersonal sensitivity and anxiety dimension during examination, and somatization dimension after examination than those of the later group(P<0.05). The changes of psychologic symptoms in before-, during-, and after examination were observed in one group with pain experience and the other group without pain experience, respectively; in the former group the significantly higher values of anxiety dimension in during examination than after examination, and the significantly higher values of interpersonal sensitivity dimension in before examination than after examination(P<0.05) were evaluated.

실시간 웹서버 시스템을 위한 통합 스케줄링 방안

강봉직,정석용,이현숙,최경희,정기현,유해영,Kang, Bong-Jik,Jung, Suk-Yong,Lee, Hyun-Suk,Choe, Gyeong-Hui,Jeong, Gi-Hyeon,Yu, Hae-Yeong 대한전자공학회 2002 電子工學會論文誌-CI (Computer and Information) Vol.39 No.6

본 논문에서는 웹서버를 탑재한 내장형 시스템에서 실시간 속성을 만족시킬 수 있는 스케줄링 기법을 제안한다. 내장형 시스템에 웹서버를 응용프로그램의 형태로 탑재하는 경우 운영체제와 웹서버간의 이원화된 스케줄링 때문에 우선 순위 역전 현상이 발생하여 실시간 속성을 만족시키지 못한다. 이에 본 논문에서는 웹서버의 일부 스케줄링 기능을 운영체제의 스케줄러와 통합 내장시켜 일관된 스케줄링 방법을 제공한다. 제안된 스케줄링 기법을 실험용 내장형 시스템에 적용한 결과, 웹서버를 일반 태스크로 구현한 경우와 달리 우선 순위 역전 현상이 발생하지 않았다. 또한 우선 순위에 따라 태스크별 응답 시간이 시스템 부하에 관계없이 일정하여 제안된 스케줄링 기법이 실시간 내장형 웹서버 시스템에 적합하다. This paper proposes an integrated scheduling mechanism for embedded system with real-time web server to meet the characteristics of real time task. The proposed scheduling mechanism may solve the so-called priority inversion problem in scheduling between urgent web requests and tasks with low priorities. The priority inversion problem happens because of operating two independent schedulers, web scheduler and operating system scheduler in a system without considering the requirements of each other. In the proposed mechanism, two schedulers are integrated in an operating system and the integrated scheduler schedules tasks for urgent web requests with real time characteristics and other application tasks together. Since all tasks are scheduled by one unified scheduler that knows the characteristics of tasks, the tasks are scheduled with their absolute priorities and thus the priority inversion problem can be eliminated. The performance is measured on a prototype embedded system with the proposed algorithm.

스트레스와 구강안면동통

서봉직 대한치과의사협회 1998 대한치과의사협회지 Vol.36 No.11

연약지반의 침하특성을 고려한 샌드매트의 실용적 설계를 위한 고찰

이봉직,권영철,이종규 한국지반환경공학회 2007 한국지반환경공학회논문집 Vol.8 No.5

The practical design method on sandmat uses a drain length, rate of consolidation settlement and permeability of sand as a major design factors. And, on the basis of this design process, it has been installed beneath the embankment with same thickness. However, the possibility the underestimation on the thickness of sandmat and the delayed drain have been pointed out by several authors caused by a differential settlement at the center and the end of embankment. In this study, therefore, the effect of the differential settlement on the thickness of sandmat and delayed drain through the numerical analysis of embankment was analyzed. As a result, a substantial sandmat thickness becomes small and the possibility of the delayed drain can be certified because of the development of differential settlement at the center and ends of embankment. As a countermeasure to overcome this problem, the applicability of the mound type sandmat was also investigated by the numerical method. It can be concluded that it maintains the designated substantial sandmat thickness throughout consolidation process, and is useful method to maintain the drain capacity. Especially, the mound type sandmat is effective method for a construction site where can cause a differential settlement such as embankment. Furthermore, it has to be designed on the basis of the accurate prediction of consolidation settlement as well as rate of consolidation settlement, drain length and permeability of sand. 현재 실무에서 사용되고 있는 샌드매트의 설계법에서는 주로 수평배수층의 배수거리, 침하속도, 투수성 등을 설계 인자로 사용하고 있으며, 현장 시공 시에는 성토체 하부에 동일한 두께로 시공하고 있다. 그러나 하부 연약지반의 변형에 따라 성토 중앙부와 양단에서 부등침하가 발생하게 되어 샌드매트 두께산정에 있어 과소평가될 가능성과 배수지연을 유발할 우려가 있음이 지적되어왔다. 본 연구에서는 연약지반의 변형으로 인해 생기는 부등침하의 발생이 배수지연 및 샌드매트의 두께산정에 어떠한 영향을 미칠 수 있는지 여부를 수치해석을 통해 분석하였다. 해석 결과 부등침하로 인하여 실질 유로두께의 감소를 확인할 수 있었으며, 새로운 위치수두의 차가 발생하여 배수지연 현상을 유발할 가능성이 있음이 확인되었다. 이에 대한 대응책으로 본 연구에서는 사전에 부등침하를 예측하여 성토 중앙부의 샌드매트 두께를 증가시킨 마운드형 샌드매트의 적용성에 대하여 검토하였으며, 압밀의 진행에 따라 변형이 크게 발생하여도 소정의 실질 유로두께를 유지하고 있음을 확인하였다. 특히, 마운드형 샌드매트는 연약지반 성토와 같이 변형의 분포가 위치에 따라 다른 경우의 건설공사에 매우 유효하리라 판단하며, 경제적이고 합리적인 수평배수재로서 적용이 가능할 것으로 판단되었다. 또한, 마운드형 샌드매트의 설계를 위해서는 성토단계별로 압밀속도, 배수거리나 투수성뿐만 아니라 연약지반의 침하특성을 정확하게 예측하는 것이 필수적이라고 사료된다.

측두하악관절 원판변위와 골관절염

서봉직,Seo, Bong-Jik 대한치과의사협회 2002 대한치과의사협회지 Vol.40 No.6