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      • KCI등재
      • 친환경 방염액의 연구

        이순홍,김병량,문명욱,이대정,정영호 안양대학교 산업기술연구소 2004 自然科學硏究 Vol.11 No.1

        대구 지하철 참사 이후 사회 전반적으로 방염에 대한 관심이 증대되어 방염제에 대한 연구가 활발하게 진행되고 있는 실정이다. 기존의 할로겐화 방염제는 방염제 자체의 독성으로 인해 인간의 건강과 환경에 유해성이 확인됨에 따라 이를 대체할 친환경 방염제의 연구가 부각되고 있는 시점이다. 본 연구에서는 친환경 대체 방염제의 일환으로 인계와 무기계 방염제를 혼합 사용하여 우수한 방염성능 및 연소시 유독가스가 발생되지 않는 친환경 방염제의 조성을 설계하고자 하였다. 인계 방염제로서 제1인산암모늄, 제2인산암모늄을 사용하였으며, 무기계 방염제로서 붕산과 붕사를 사용하여 각 조성 배합비의 함량 변화 실험을 통한 방염 특성 평가를 수행하였다. 이와 더불어 방염제의 부착률에 따라서 방염효과가 달라지는데, 최적의 조성으로 부착률을 달리하여 경제성과 법적인 측면을 고려하여 가장 효율적인 부착률을 알아보았다. The purpose of this research is to make a non toxic flame retardants as a substitute material for toxic halogen type, and to evaluate burning area, adhesion rate and flammability of non toxic flame retardants. The non toxic flame retardants were prepared by mixing processes of ammonium phosphate monobasic, ammonium phosphate dibasic, boric acid and borax under the various preparation conditions. Flammability of polyester fabrics treated with these mixed flame retardants was investigated through measurement of burning area and adhesion rate. The burning area values were decreased with increase of the Ammonium phosphate monobasic and ammonium phosphate dibasic content of flame retardants. For economic and legal reasons, the optimum adhesion rate of flame retardants on the polyester fabrics was 50%.

      • 李朝時代의 服飾禁制

        李順洪 이화여자대학교 가정대학 의류직물학과 1973 의류직물연구 Vol.- No.3

        The costume regulation of Yi-Dynasty as within the boundary of those Sila and Koryo Dynasty. In the period of Yi-Dynasty, the society was an organization of bureaucratic feudalism with flunkeyism toward the big nation (old china). During the time, Seoul, the capital city where the royal family house in, was the center of fashion and extravagance. The extravagance was mainly actuated by the luxurious goods which were imported illegally as a part of official trade, and it was intensified by the fundamental dosire for aesthetic feeling and the vanity of the people. Ultimately, the extravagance brought the costume-regulation because it had injured the society by collapsing the class system and social order. Extravagance has no limit while wealth has. The costume-regulation was to prevent to smuggle and to spread the thought of thrift throughout poople. The regulation extended to every details of costume, shapes of clothes, and their decorations, textiles, the colors, wigs, hot, shoes, wedding dress-suit etc Moreover, the dynasty made, an age-limit in which one should get married. It was to break down an evil custom that one passes his marriageable ago because ago bocause ho does not have sufficient money for wodding ceremony which require a groat abuse for vanity and extravagance. Desire for luxurious silk stimulated disectly the vanity and extravagance of the people. It was also the main reason that made wedding ceremony so luxurious silk was used as an important part of hat and shoes. Silk was, thorofore, the most frequent object of costume regulation. According to the costume regulation of Yi-Dynasty, only Dang-Sang-Kwan and his wife had the permission to have clothes made of rat-skin (leather) or weasel-skin. Only Dang-Sang-Kwan could have shoos decorated with gold-pieces and wear a purple. However, he, very free from the regulation, had the permission of wearing a silk dress-suit only when he met ambassador. To show flunkyism, unique to Korea, clothes of yellow and red in colors were not permitted to wear except Kings of Yi-Dynasty because the colors symbolized old Chinese King. As it was very difficult to gather enough gold and silver needed to present to MyungDynasty (one of the dynasties of old China). Yi-Dynasty regulated the use of gold and silver for domestic purpose. In the Yoong- Jo era, it because a method of extravagance though it had had just. adecorative function for women. As it costs so much and caused bankruptcy, the dynasty regulated. the use of wigs and let them use caps or hats decorated with artificial flowers instead of wigs. The aim of regulation of Yi-Dynasty was to restrain extravagance and use of foreign' goods. However, the real purpose of the regulation was to preserve the class system of Yi-Dynasty.

      • KCI등재

        비할로겐 M-P 난연제 제조 및 복합재료 응용 연구

        이순홍 한국안전학회 2009 한국안전학회지 Vol.24 No.6

        In order to improve flame retardancy, the halogen free organic melamine phosphate(M-P) flame retardant was synthesized from melamine and phosphoric acid by the reaction of precipitation. The ignition test was carried out preparing hybrid flame retardant compound(HbFRC) consisting of organic M-P and inorganic Mg(OH)2 as a flame retardant in the polyolefin resins. The flame retardancy and mechanical properties of flame retardant aluminum composite panel(HbFRC-ACP) were performed to investigate the possibility of the composite material, which was contained M-P, as a inner core for HbFRC-ACP. For this study, the results of ignition test indicate that a char formation and drip suppressing effect, and combustion time reduced as the content of M-P increased. The limited oxygen index(LOI) values were measured 17.4vol% and 31.5vol% for LDPE only and HbFRC-3(M-P content: 15wt%), respectively. And it was verified that the HbFRC-3 was needed more oxygen quantity with the increase of M-P content when it combustion. Also, the results from thermogravimetric analysis were observed endothermic peak at 350℃ and 550℃, it was confirmed predominant thermal stability though the wide temperature range by the mixture of M-P and Mg(OH)2. The LDPE-ACP (using only LDPE as a inner core), 35.13kW/㎡ of heat release rate(HRR) and 13.43MJ/㎡ of total heat release(THR) were measured while the HbFRC-ACP, 10.44kW/㎡ of HRR and 1.84MJ/㎡ of THR were measured by results of cone calorimeter test. In case of HbFRC-ACP, the average gas emission amount of CO and CO2 could be decreased down to 25% and 20%, respectively, in comparison with LDPE-ACP. The mechanical properties such as tensile strength, bending strength and adhesion strength of HbFRC-ACP were revealed slightly high values 54N/㎟, 152N/㎟ and 120N/25mm, respectively, compared with LDPE-ACP. It was confirmed that flame retardancy was improved with the synergy effect because of char formation by M-P and hydrolysis by Mg(OH)2. The result of this study suggest that HbFRC can be applied for an adequate halogen free flame retardant composite material as a inner core for ACP.

      • 東方文化에 影響을 받은 비잔틴 服飾文化의 特性에 關한 硏究

        李順洪,權賢珠 誠信女子大學校 生活文化硏究所 1990 生活文化硏究 Vol.4 No.-

        The costume culture includes the environmental factor influenced by the time and place as feel as the other racial culture. In the study of the costume culture the cultural historic environment and the sense of the times should be considered carefully. The Byzantine Empire formed glorious and unique costume culture based on constantinople from A.D. 395 to A.D. 1453. Constantinople, which was a largest and richest city in the Middle Ages of Europe and a commercial and industrial and cultural center of Byzantine Empire, was the border of the East and the West, so that the Byzantine costume culture was influenced by the oriental culture. The golden age of the Byzantine culture was, as a summit of Justinianus, around the 100, the Macedonia Dynasty, and the Commenos Dynasty, and from the Macedonia Dynasty, the cultural difernce from the beginning was distinctive through the costume while the deeply existed Greek style was gradually faded by the oriental style. In this study, the objective was to content limited to Persia, Turk and China, the influence of the orient culture on the Byzantine costume culture. The summary of the study is the following: 1. The Bzantine costume culture which was based on the Christianity showed the use of abundent color and silk and the splendied and magnificent beauty. 2. In the earliest time of the Empire, the silk was imported form Persia and Syria and either weared thinly or corss weaved with wool. In the time of Justinianus Emperor, after a sklk weaving workshop exclusively for the Imperial Household in Constantinople, using the cocoon from China the fabric became developed, and the Constantinople clothing became more splendid due to the silk weaving skill developed near Persia. 3. With the contact of developed Persia, the trouser which had worn by Median, Persian, and German was adopted and used by the nobles and the royal family since the 6th century. 4. In the decoration used directly for Byzantine costume, there were tablion, segmenti and clavi, Tablion and segmenti made guadrangle and round shape the prime object like the Chinese Hungbae and Boh, were the special Byzantine decoration and the sign of nobility. Segmenti was just used by quadrangle together with round shape.

      • KCI등재

        Halogen-Free 난연제를 포함하는 파우더 코팅소재 제조 및화재안전성 연구

        이순홍,정화영,김대인,노태준 한국안전학회 2011 한국안전학회지 Vol.26 No.4

        Halogen free intumescent flame retardants(IFRS), such as the mixture of melamine phosphate(MP) and char forming agents(pentaerythritol(PER), di-pentaerythritol(DiPER), tris(2-hydroxyethyl) isocyanurate(THEIC)), were prepared and characterized. Polypropylene(PP)/IFRS composites were also prepared in the presence of ethylene diamine phosphate(EDAP) as a synergist and used into flame retardant PP powder coatings. Thermoplastic PP powder coatings at 20 wt% flame retardant loading were manufactured by extruded and then mechanical cryogenic crushed to bring them in fine powder form. These intumescent flame retardant powder coatings(IFRPCS) were applied on mild steel surface for the purpose of protection and decorative. It is a process in which a IFRPCS particles coming in contact with the preheated mild steel surface melt and form a thin coating layer. The obtained MP flame retardant was analyzed by utilizing FTIR, solid-state 31P NMR, ICP, EA and PSA. The mechanical properties as tensile strength, melt flow index(MFI) and the thermal property as TGA/DTA and the fire safety characteristics as limiting oxygen index(LOI), UL94 test, SEM were used to investigate the effect of IFRPCS. The experimental results show that the presence of IFRS considerably enhanced the fire retardant performances as evidenced by the increase of LOI values 17.3 vol% and 32.6 vol% for original PP and IFRPCS-3(PP/MP-DiPER/EDAP), respectively, and a reduction in total flaming combustion time(under 15 sec) in UL94 test of IFRPCS. The prepared IFRPCS-3 have good comprehensive properties with fire retardancy 3.2 mm UL94 V-0 level, LOI value 32.6%, tensile strength 247.3 kg/cm2, surface roughness Ra 0.78 µm, showing a better application prospect. Through IFRPCs-2(PP/MP-PER/EDAP) and IFRPCs-3 a better flame retardancy than that of the IFRPCs-1(PP/MP/EDAP) was investigated which was responsible for the formed more dense and compact char layer, improved synergy effect of MP and PER/DiPER.

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