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하악 구치부에 식립된 Br${\aa}$nemark 임프란트와 ITI 임프란트에서 임프란트간 치조정간골의 높이변화에 대한 방사선학적 비교
이상화,차인호,심준성,한동후,Yi, Sang-Hwa,Cha, In-Ho,Shim, June-Sung,Han, Dong-Hoo 대한치과보철학회 2004 대한치과보철학회지 Vol.42 No.4
Statement of problem: Br${\aa}$nemark or ITI are two currently most widely used implant systems but with contrasting design, surgical and restoration methods. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare changes and its statistical significance in bone height and shape which may rise due to the differences between two implant systems. Also to analyse the effect of inter-implant distance on annual bone height changes. Material & Method: Those patients who were treated with two or more of either Br${\aa}$nemark or ITI implants at posterior mandibular area at Yonsei University Dental Hospital, Implant Clinic were selected. At annual examination appointments, standardised radiographs using parallel technique were taken. Marginal bone and inter-implant crestal bone changes were measured and following results were obtained. Results: 1) When ITI and Br${\aa}$nemark system were compared, both annual marginal and inter-implant crestal bone height changes in ITI system in the first two years were smaller than Br${\aa}$nemark and they were statistically significant. On the third year, however, there was no statistical difference between two implant systems on their annual bone level changes (p>0.05). 2) The Marginal and inter-implant crestal bone changes were compared when inter-implant distance was less than 4mm. Statistically significant bone level changes were noted on the first year only for ITI implants but in the first and second year for Br${\aa}$nemark implants (p>0.05). 3) When comparing angulation changes between marginal bone and implant fixture, ITI system had smaller angulation changes but the annual changes were not statistically significant (p>0.05). Conclusion: Within the limitation of this study, it could be concluded that Br${\aa}$nemark implant systems had more changes in marginal and inter-implant crestal bone level in the first and second year after loading with statistical significance. Further studies are recommended to see the effects of these bone loss during the first and second year after loading on the long term prognosis of Br${\aa}$nemark Implants.
수치모의를 통한 원자력 발전소 심층 취·배수 구조물 유·출입구 주변에서의 수리학적 흐름특성 고찰
이상화(Lee Sang Hwa),이성면(Yi Sung Myeon),박병준(Park Byong Jun),이한승(Lee Han Seung) 대한토목학회 2012 대한토목학회논문집 A Vol.32 No.2A
증기를 발생시켜 터빈(turbine)을 회전시키는 화력 및 원자력 발전 계통에서 냉각시설은 필수적인 구조물이며, 냉각수 순환 계통은 일반적으로 해수를 취수하여 발전소 내의 복수기까지 유입시켜 증기와 열 교환 후 다시 외해로 배출시키는 형태를 취하고 있다. 최근 냉각수 취·배수 방식을 표층 취·배수방식이 아닌 심층 취·배수방식으로 변경하고 있는데, 기존 원전의 재순환 온도에 대한 영향을 최소화하고 온배구 방류시 밀도차로 인한 부력으로 온배수 혼합효과를 높여 온배수에 의한 환경피해 범위를 최소화하기 위해서이다. 특히, 하절기에 저층의 저온 냉각수를 취수할 수 있다는 이점 때문에 향후 계획되는 발전소들도 심층 취·배수 방식을 도입할 것으로 예상된다. 본 연구에서는 원자력 발전소의 냉각시설 중 심층 취·배수 구조물의 입구 주변을 3차원 전산유체역학 코드인 FLOW-3DⓇ로 모사하여 그 흐름특성을 분석하였다. 취수구(intake)의 경우 연직취수 조건에서 유속 덮개(Veloeity cap), 배수구(diffuser)의 경우 방류수의 분사방향에 변화를 주어 모의하였으며, 그 결고 취수구의 경우 유속덮개에 의한 연직 유속성분의 현저한 감소로 인한 어류 유입영향을 최소화 할 수 있을 것으로 판단되며, 배수구 희석효과는 Jirka 및 Harleman이 제시한 2차원 온배수 프롬(frume)과 잘 일치 하는 것으로 나타났다. A cooling system is indispensable for the fossil and nuclear power plants which produce electricity by rotating the turbines with hot steam. A cycle of the typical cooling system includes pumping of seawater at the intake pomp house, exchange of heat at the condenser, and discharge of hot water to the sea. The cooling type of the nuclear power plants in Korea recently evolves from the conventional surface intake/discharge systems to the submerged intake/discharge systems that minimize effectively and in take temperature rise of the existing plants and that are beneficial to the marine environment by reducing the high temperature region with an intensive dilution due to a high velocity jet and density differential at the mixing zone. It is highly anticipated that the future nuclear power plants in Korea will accommodate the submerged cooling system in credit of supplying the lower temperature water in the summer season. This study investigates the approach flow patterns at the velocity caps and discharge flow patterns from diffusers using the 3-D computational fluid dynamics code of FLOW-3DⓇ. The approach flow test has been conducted at the velocity caps with and without a cap. The discharge flow from the diffuser was simulated for the single-port diffuser and multi-ports diffuser. The flow characteristics to the velocity cap with a cap demonstrate that fish entrainment can significantly be minimized on account of the low vertical flow component around the cap. The flow pattern around the diffuser is well agreed with the schematic diagram by Jirka and Harleman.
변압기 진단 시스템 구현을 위한 가스센서의 수소 감지특성에 관한 연구
한상보(Sang-Bo Han),선종호(Jong-Ho Sun),김광화(Kwang-Hwa Kim),강동식(Dong-Sik Kang),황돈하(Dong-Ha Hwang),이상화(Sang-Hwa Yi) 대한전기학회 2006 대한전기학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2006 No.7
Characteristics of hydrogen sensors for realization of transformer diagnosis system was studied, sensors used in this work are commercialized for detecting hydrocarbons or hydrogen gases. Based on the experimental results, the sensing characteristics of A company showed the high value even at the lower concentration of 20ppm, and it showed a saturation tendency with increasing it above 500ppm. In the case of B company, it showed the linear characteristics from 20ppm to 7000ppm. In addition, the output acquired from C company was amplified by external circuits due to its low output, and its adequate operation region was above 500ppm. Therefore, it is likely that these sensors are possible to apply for realization of transformer diagnosis system due to the different sensing characteristics of these sensors.
쇽 혹은 우심실부전을 보이는 중증 폐혈전색전증에서 혈전용해요법과 항응고요법의 효과
한송이 ( Song Yi Han ),송재관 ( Jae Kwan Song ),이상도 ( Sang Do Lee ),임채만 ( Chae Man Lim ),고윤석 ( Youn Suck Koh ),박찬선 ( Chan Sun Park ),오연목 ( Yeon Mok Oh ),심태선 ( Tae Sun Shim ),김우성 ( Woo Sung Kim ),김동순 ( Dong 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2005 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.59 No.5
김광화(Kwang Hwa Kim),이상화(Sang Hwa Yi),선종호(Jong HO Sun),한상보(Sang Bo Han),김민규(Min Kyu Kim) 대한전기학회 2007 대한전기학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2007 No.4
This paper was described about the calibration method and setup of calibration system. This method and system were based on ISO 12713 and 12714. This system consisted of a conical type reference sensor, test block, glass capillary source and measuring oscilloscope. The waves of reference sensor and tested sensor was shown and these wave was analyzed with ISO method.