대표농도경로 (RCP) 시나리오에 따른 회야강 유역의 미래 유출 및 유사 변화 분석

황창수(Hwang, Chang Su),최철웅(Choi, Chul Uong),최지선(Choi, Ji Sun) 대한공간정보학회 2014 대한공간정보학회지 Vol.22 No.3

본 연구는 미래 기후변화 및 토지피복변화가 유역 내 유출량과 유사량의 거동에 가져올 영향을 분석하는데 목적이 있다. 기상자료는 IPCC 5차 평가보고서를 위해 새롭게 논의된 RCP 시나리오 중 서로 상반되는 4.5 및 8.5 시나리오의 기후전망 (2011~2100년) 이 사용되었으며, 토지피복지도는 RCP 4.5 및 8.5 시나리오의 사회ㆍ경제 스토리라인과 로지스틱 회귀모형 (LR)을 이용하여 개발 된 모델에 의해 구축되었다. 기후변화만 고려한 경우, 토지피복변화만 고려한 경우, 기후변화 및 토지피복변화 모두 고려한 경우의 세 가지 시나리오를 설정하고, 각 시나리오에 따른 유출량 및 유사량을 모의한 결과 계절적으로 매우 명확한 변화를 나타내었다. 기후변화는 봄과 겨울에 유출량을 증가시키고 여름과 가을에 유출량을 감소시키는 것으로 나타났으며, 유사량 역시 유출량과 동일한 변화의 양상을 보였다. 토지피복변화는 유출량을 증가시키는 반면 유사량은 감소시키며, 이는 도시화로 인한 불투수 면적의 증가에 의한 것으로 판단된다. 토지피복변화는 기후변화에 비해 유출량에 적은 영향을 끼치나, 기후변화에 의해 초래된 유출량 문제를 더욱 극대화 시킬 수 있다. 따라서 지속적인 수자원 관리를 위하여 기후변화의 잠재적 영향을 파악하고, 토지피복변화에 따른 적절한 수자원 대응 정책 마련이 필요할 것으로 판단된다. This study is analyze future climate and land cover change affects behaviors for amount of streamflow and sediment discharge within basin. We used the climate forecast data in RCP 4.5 and 8.5 (2011-2100) which is opposite view for each other among RCP scenarios that are discussed for 5th report for IPCC. Land cover map built based on a socialㆍeconomic storyline in RCP 4.5/8.5 using Logistic Regression model. In this study we set three scenarios: one scenario for climate change only, one for land cover change only, one for Last both climate change and land cover change. It simulated amount of streamflow and sediment discharge and the result showed a very definite change in the seasonal variation both of them. For climate change, spring and winter increased the amount of streamflow while summer and fall decreased them. Sediment showed the same pattern of change steamflow. Land cover change increases the amount of streamflow while it decreases the amount of sediment discharge, which is believed to be caused by increase of impervious Surface due to urbanization. Although land cover change less affects the amount of streamflow than climate change, it may maximize problems related to the amount of streamflow caused by climate change. Therefore, it"s required to address potential influence from climate change for effective water resource management and prepare suitable measurement for water resource.

다중시기 항공사진과 KOMPSAT-3 영상을 이용한 진하해수욕장 해안선 변화 탐지

황창수 ( Chang Su Hwang ),최철웅 ( Chul Uong Choi ),최지선 ( Ji Sun Choi ) 대한원격탐사학회 2014 大韓遠隔探査學會誌 Vol.30 No.5

본 연구에서는 1967년부터 약 50년에 걸친 기간에 대하여 항공사진과 위성영상을 이용하여 진하해수욕장의 해안선 변화를 관측하였다. 해안선은 보정을 거친 영상으로부터 wet/dry 기법에 의해 추출하였고, DSAS에 의해 통계적으로 분석되었다. 그 결과, 1992년까지 회야강의 하구폐색이 심각하였으며, 이로 인해 북측 해안선의 침식이 진행되어왔다. 이후 하구폐색은 도류제 완공과 함께 완화되는 듯하였으나 하구에서 외해로 벗어난 지역에 토사의 퇴적은 계속되고 있으며, 북측 해안선의 침식현상은 완화됨에 반해 남측 해안선의 침식이 급속히 진행되고 있다. 따라서 본 연구지역의 경우 도류제건설과 준설 및 양빈만으로는 변화하는 해안선의 적절한 관리대책이 되지 못 할 것으로 판단된다. 향후 지속가능한 해안의 관리를 위해서는 해양 환경뿐만 아니라 해안선 변화에 영향을 미칠 수 있는 유역하천의 유사유출 요인을 고려하여 근본적인 관리방안의 수립이 필요할 것으로 생각된다. This research is to observe the shoreline changes in Jinha beach over the 50 years with aerial photographs and satellite images. The shoreline image feature was retrieved from the corrected images using wet and dry techniques and analyzed by DSAS from the statistical point of view. From 1967 to 1992, the mouth of Hoeya River was severely blocked and the northern shoreline off Jinha beach was eroded. The blockade of river mouth seemed to have been eased along with the completion of the dike, but soil continued to be deposited along the high sea away from the river month. Compared to the past, a layer of sediment has been formed off the northern coastline while the southern coastline has eroded. At least in the region subject to this research, the construction of a training dike is to blame. On top of that, a mere combination of dredges and artificial nourishment is not enough to take under control the changing shorelines properly. Thus, it is necessary to devise a more fundamental solution by taking into account reasons behind sediment from the river area that could change the shorelines besides the costal environment.

불포화 투수계수함수에 대한 연구

황창수(Hwang Chang Su),김태형(Kim Tae Hyeong) 한국지반공학회 2004 한국지반공학회논문집 Vol.20 No.3

An unsaturated hydraulic conductivity function and a soil-water characteristic curve are the essential constitutive factors in studying unsaturated soils. In order to obtain the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity function, prediction functions, which are based on the soil-water characteristic curve, have been used because it is difficult to measure the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity function directly. In this study, a paraineter estimation method using the flow pump technique is introduced to determine the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity function. This method provides more accurate and independent solution than previous methods for the determination of the unsaturated hydraulic conductivity function which is not subordinate to the soil-water characteristic curve or prediction models.

이공학편 : RF 마그네트론 스퍼터링 방법으로 불순물이 첨가된 산화아연 박막의 투명소자 특성

황창수 ( Chang Su Hwang ),이승현 ( Sung Hyun Lee ) 공군사관학교 2013 空士論文集 Vol.64 No.2

RF 마그네트론 스퍼터링 방법으로 제작된 박막형 산화물 반도체 ZnO 및 InGaZnO의 광학적 전기적 특성에 대하여 연구한 결과이다. ZnO 및 비정질 InGaZnO 산화물 반도체 물질은 투명전자광학 소자에 박막형 투명활성층 혹은 투명전극으로 그 사용 가능성에 대하여 폭넓게 주목되고 있는바, 본연구에서는 In2O3, Ga2O3 및 ZnO 분자의 구성비가 1:1:1 mol % 로 소결된 세라믹 타겟을 이용하여 플라즈마 가스밀도 등의 공정조건 변화에 따라 제작된 박막 특성을 분석하였다. 광학적 특성으로 가시광선 영역에서 85% 이상의 투과 특성을 보였으며, 비정질 IGZO 박막의 경우 1660 nm 영역에서 적외선을 흡수하는 구조가 형성되는 것을 확인하였다. 전기적 특성으로 In 및 Ga 원자가 ZnO 반도체의 n형 불순물로 작용하여 전자 전기이동도가 10cm2V-1s-1 이상까지 가능한 것으로 나타나 비정질 IGZO 산화물 반도체의 적외선 흡수 센서로의 가능성을 확인하였다. We have studied the optical and electrical properties of ZnO and IGZO thin films fabricated by RF magnetron sputtering method. ZnO thin film and amorphous IGZO (In-Gallium-Zinc-Oxide) thin films are widely usable as a transparent electrode or an active layer of transparent optoelectronic devices. The ZnO ceramic target and In-Ga-Zn-O compound ceramic target furnished by using In2O3, Ga2O3 and ZnO powder with the 1:1:1 mol % ratio was used. The thin films with about 200 nm thickness were deposited on the corning 1737 glass substrate of 30mm×30mm at RF power 50W and at room temperature. The transmittance of all films were above 85% over the visible range. The IGZO films showed a absorption peaks in the UV range and Infrared range around 1660 nm, while ZnO films are transparent in IR range. Both types of thin films can be a transparent electrode or a transparent n-type semiconductor since it has shown the higher electrical mobility than 10 cm2V-1s-1.

Cuban-8형 수평축 풍력터빈의 수학적 모델링에 관한 연구

황창수(Hwang, Chang-Su),조환기(Cho, Hwan-Kee),정형석(Chung, Hyung-Suk) 한국신재생에너지학회 2008 신재생에너지 Vol.4 No.3

This paper discusses about the mathematical modelling of a new conceptual shape of horizontal axis wind turbine. The geometrical characteristic of wind turbine is studied for the variation of azimuthal angles and elevation angles. The projecting trajectories of Cuban-8 blade due to rotation are analyzed on the each plane in the Cartesian coordinate system. Trajectories show several interesting graphical patterns since the geometrical shape is complicated with the rotational motion of two twisted circumferential blades with elevation angles.

Ga doping 농도에 따른 ZnGaO 산화물의 투명특성 연구

황창수 ( Chang Su Hwang ) 공군사관학교 2012 空士論文集 Vol.63 No.2

본 연구에서는 진공 반응기 속에 두 개의 RF 스퍼터 타깃을 동시에 스퍼터링하는 방식으로 ZnO기반에 Ga이 첨가된 ZnxGa1-xO 박막을 진공 증착하여 제작하였다. ZnO 타깃에 대한 RF 스퍼터링 출력은 200와트로 고정하고, Ga2O3 타깃에 대한 RF 스퍼터링 출력을 30와트에서 100와트까지 변화하면서 박막을 제작하였다. 제작된 박막은 모두 34.4도 부근의 (002) 우선방위를 갖는 ZnO 기반의 결정성을 보였으며, EDAX 실험결과로부터 추정된 결과 Ga의 원자구성비가 7% 이상 경우 결정성이 급격히 소멸되는 결과를 보였다. 또한 광학적으로 에너지 밴드갭이 3.3 eV에서 3.5 eV 정도로 증가하여 가시광선에 대한 투과도는 88% 수준이었으나, 비저항은 0.05 Ω-cm 수준으로 급격히 증가하는 산화물 반도체로서 전기적 특성이 떨어지는 경향을 보였다. We have studied the transparent properties of Ga doped ZnO compound oxide semiconductor by fabricating ZGO thin films using co-sputtering system. The power for sputtering ZnO target was fixed at 200 watt while those for Ga2O3 target chaeged from 30 watt to 100 watt. The structure of ZGO films showed (002) prefer - orientated crystalline based on ZnO bonds. The ionic bonding structure of ZnGaO with the s orbital superposed among the neighbor atoms develops the origin of high mobility and high energy band gap around 3.4 eV. As the gallium contents increase over 7%, the resistivity rapidly reduced about 0.05 ohm-cm. However, the films were transparent with 88% of visible light passing through the films. This report focused on the correlation effect about the gallium impurity concentration causing electrical characteristics changing from a transparent insulator to a transparent metallic thin films.

낙동강 유역의 토양유실량과 하구지형의 상관성 분석

황창수(Hwang Chang Su),김경탁(Kim Kyung Tag),오치영(Oh Che Young),진청길(Jin Cheong Gil),최철웅(Choi Chul Uong) 대한공간정보학회 2010 대한공간정보학회지 Vol.18 No.3

다양한 공간정보와 GIS의 발달로 인해 자연현상의 해석 및 상관관계를 분석하는 연구가 진행되고 있다. 본 연구의 목표는 1995~2005년 간 낙동강유역의 토양유실량 산출과 “위성영상과 GIS를 이용한 낙동강하구 지형변화 탐지” 연구에서 산출한 하구역 해안섬의 면적변화 산출결과의 상관성을 분석하고자 한다. 토양유실량 산정은 국내에서 주로사용되는 USLE의 수정된 형태인 Revised-USLE 모델을 이용하고, 토양유실량 산정시 해안섬의 면적과 비교를 위해 강우침식인자는 사용된 위성영상의 관측일로부터 1년 이전의 기간동안 전국 관측소에서 관측된 실측값을 이용하였다. 산출한 토양유실량과 해안섬 면적변화의 상관계수는 진우도 0.57, 신자도 0.7, 도요등 0.87로 낙동강의 주된 수로가 흐르는 도요등의 영향이 많은 것을 알 수 있었다. 본 연구를 통해 다양한 분야와 인자별 특성파악을 통한 USLE 연구가 실제적으로 자연 현상을 파악함에 유용함을 알 수 있었다. The development of various spatial information and GIS has led to the research on interpretation of natural phenomena and correlational studies. This study is aimed to analyze the correlation between RUSLE(Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation) around Nakdong River area during the period of 1955 to 2005 and the amount of area change in the islets at the estuary terrain calculated in the study "Change Detection at the Nakdong Estuary Delta using Satellite Image and GIS". For the calculation of RUSLE, The 'Revised-USLE' model, a modified USLE model commonly used in Korea was used. For the rainfall erosion factor to calculate and compare the area of islets, the actual observation data for one year before the observation of satellite image from all observatories across Korea was used. The correlation coefficient between RUSLE and area change of islets was 0.57 for Jinwoo Islet; 0.7 for Sinja Islet; 0.87 for Doyodeung. This results showed that there was a great influence from Doyodeung where the main water way of Nakdong River runs. This study showed that the study using USLE for various fields and through identifying the characteristics of each factor is useful to understand natural phenomenon in practice.

백서의 경혈(해계, 곤륜, 양보) 침자가 Nitric Oxide Synthase 및 Nitric Oxide의 변화에 미치는 영향

김영선 ( Young Sun Kim ),최동희 ( Dong Hee Choi ),장호선 ( Ho Sun Jang ),나창수 ( Chang Su Na ),황문현 ( Moon Hyeon Hwang ),조주현 ( Joo Hyun Cho ),이경인 ( Kyoung In Lee ),김선민 ( Sun Min Kim ),표병식 ( Byoung Sik Pyo ),윤대환 ( 경락경혈학회 2013 Korean Journal of Acupuncture Vol.30 No.2

Objectives: To observe the changes in the expression of nNOS, iNOS, eNOS and NO by the needle insertion on river points, one of the five transport points of three yang meridians of the foot. Methods: Based on rats, needle was inserted on both left and right sides of ST41, BL60 and GB38 and retained for five minutes. After the retention, blood was drawn via cardiac puncture and tissues from each point around meridian vessels were extracted to observe the changes in the expression of nNOS, iNOS, eNOS and NO. Results: In terms of the effect on expression of nNOS within tissues, ST41 showed significant decrease based on the results of immunohistochemistry. In terms of the effect on expression of iNOS within tissues, none of the experimental groups showed any significant change compared to the Normal group. Regarding expression of eNOS within tissues, GB38 showed significant increase based on the results of immunohistochemistry. In terms of the effect on NO creation in tissues, none of the experimental groups showed any significant change compared to the Normal group. Conclusions: The effect of needle insertion on the river points of three yang meridians of the foot on the function of nNOS, iNOS, eNOS and NO could be observed, and based on this study, it is considered that the effect of needle stimulation on the changes of nervous system could be found out through additional research.

안정상태 뇌파 기반 개인별 생체 인증 시스템 개발

정창수(Chang-Su Jeon),최가영(Ga-Young Choi),황한정(Han-Jeong Hwang) 한국정보기술학회 2021 Proceedings of KIIT Conference Vol.2021 No.6

심정격(心正格)의 보혈(補穴), 신정격(腎正格)의 보혈(補穴), 심정격(心正格)의 보혈(補穴) 배(配) 신정격(腎正格)의 보혈(補穴) 및 심정격(心正格) 자침(刺鍼)이 실험적(實驗的) 뇌허혈(腦虛血)에 미치는 영향(影響)

황문현 ( Moon Yeon Hwang ),윤대환 ( Dae Hwan Youn ),나창수 ( Chang Su Na ) 대한경락경혈학회 2005 Korean Journal of Acupuncture Vol.22 No.4

Objectives: The acupuncture has been used as treatment of disease in the oriental medicine. In this study, it was investigated that had an effects of Heart JEONGGYEOK(心正格) of SAAM five evolutive phase acupuncture techniques(舍岩五行鍼法) for appling deficiency in the heart induced by experimental focal ischemia. Materials and methods: The focal ischemia was induced by middle cerebral artery occlusion for 2hours. The groups divided into 6 groups, normal(intactness group), control(no therapy group after ischemia-induced), AT1(reinforcing acupoint of Heart JEONGGYEOK: acupuncture therapy group at LR1, HT9 after ischemia-induced), AT2(reinforcing acupoint of Kidney JEONGGYEOK: acupuncture therapy group at LU8, KI7 after ischemia-induced) AT3(combination of reinforcing acupoint of Heart JEONGGYEOK and Kidney JEONGGYEOK: acupuncture therapy group at LR1, HT9, LU8, KI7 after ischemia-induced), AT4(reinforcing and reducing acupoint of Heart JEONGGYEOK: acupuncture therapy group at LR1, HT9, HT3, KI10 after ischemia-induced). Acupuncture therapy was carried out during 3 weeks after focal ischemia-induced. Eight-arm radial maze was used for the behavioral task and neuropretective effect of acupuncture therapy was observed by Cresyl violet, AchE, ChAT-stain. Results: The error rate in the eight-arm radial maze task was significantly decreased in AT3 group on 3days, in AT1 and AT4 groups on 4days, in AT3 and AT4 groups on 5days compared to the control group. The rate of correct choice was significantly increased AT4 group compared to the control group. The density of neurons in the hippocampal CA1 were significantly increased in all experiment groups, AT1, AT2, AT3 and AT4 groups compared to the control group. The density of AchE in the hippocampal CA1 was significantly increased in AT4 group compared to the control group. The density of ChAT in the hippocampal CA1 were significantly increased in AT1 and AT3 group compared to the control group. Conclusions: These results suggest that reinforcing and reducing acupoint of Heart JEONGGYEOK could be used as a medication for controlling the stroke by deficiency in the heart.