Propane 混合氣의 火焰速度測定에 關한 硏究

허원욱 서울大學校 大學院 1980 국내석사

지방자치단체의 하부행정구조 개편방안 : 인구 50만 이상 일반시 사례를 중심으로

허원욱 충북대학교행정대학원 2013 국내석사

The current local administrative structure of Korea has various problems in terms of efficiency. To solve these problems, it is necessary to develop and have a government-led comprehensive restructuring plan reflection policies. Recently, the Korean government has enacted a special law on the restructuring of the local administrative system. However, the current government-led local administrative system restructuring plan fails to handle the reduction of administrative tiers, which has caused a lot of controversy. Instead, it has focused on integrating adjacent cities, counties, and districts and integrating the administrative jurisdictions by maintaining the current multi-tier administrative structure. Therefore, the restructuring of the multi-tier local administrative structure into a single-tier system is unlikely for the time being. However, the plan to integrate gu (district) and dong (neighborhood), which are under the control of the municipal authority where there is a population of more than 500,000, is a measure to solve another multi-tier system-related problem in the administrative system. For improvement of administrative efficiency and citizens’ benefits, it is necessary to perform a more intensive in-depth study. This study covers a plan to enhance the administrative efficiency of the local authority. For this, the restructuring of the multi-tier structure of municipal authorities with a population of more than 500,000 has been examined. The purposes of this study are as follows: First, the current status and operation of the local administrative structure are examined. Second, the current operation of the hierarchical structure of the local administration is analyzed, and related problems are detected. Third, a rational local administrative restructuring plan is suggested for empirical analysis. In other words, a multi-tier system in which gu (district) and dong (neighborhood) systems exist and a single-tier system in which gu (district) and dong (neighborhood) systems are united into one will be comparatively analyzed in terms of administrative efficiency. In addition, the advantages of a single-tier system will be suggested, and the integration of gu(district) and dong (neighborhood) will be promoted for the development of the local administration. This paper consists of the following chapters: In chapter 1, the background, objectives, scope, and method of the research are stated. In chapter 2, the theoretical background of the local administrative structure, comparative review of multi-tier and single-tier systems and case studies on previous studies are mentioned. In chapter 3, a survey for empirical analysis is designed. In chapter 4, government employees’ perception is analyzed, and a rational local administrative restructuring plan is proposed. In chapter 5, the conclusion is described. While most previous studies are conducted based on literature review, this study has focused on empirical analysis in addition to analysis of the current status. Based on the results of research design and empirical analysis, a local administrative restructuring plan can be suggested as follows: To enhance administrative efficiency and improve citizens’benefits by restructuring the administrative structure of local authorities witha population of more than 500,000, it is necessaryto solve the problems which have been detected through the analysis of the current status and have the matters obtained through empirical analysis properly reflected on policies. First of all, the basicdirection of the restructuring includes improvement of administrative efficiency, elimination of redundant duties, reduction of transaction cost, solving manpower shortage, and balanced development. The factors which have influence on the restructuring of local administrative structure include the central government, National Assembly, local authorities, government employees, non-governmental groups, experts, and local residents. Therefore, they should be considered in organizational restructuring. In addition, the optimum population size and area of an administrative unit which integrates gu (district) and dong(neighborhood) were 80,000 – 100,000 and 15㎢ (1/10 of current area), respectively. In terms of distance to the district office, ‘5km or shorter’ was most preferred. In terms of the office organization of a district, ‘a system with 80-100 employees in five departments’ was most preferred. It is necessary to consider these results in future administrative restructuring. In terms of the time for local administrative restructuring, ‘2017 until the end of the current governmental administration’ was most preferred. When asked about the name of a new organization (‘small-district system’), ‘administrative center’ received the greatest number of responses (157 out of 253 respondents, 62.7%). When asked who should take care of the duties, ‘those who now handle the related duties at current gu (district) and dong (neighborhood)’ received the greatest number of responses. When asked how the extra office spaces should be used after the integration of gu (district) and dong (neighborhood), ‘library’ received the greatest number of responses, followed by ‘expansion of community service center,’ ‘cultural center,’ ‘daycare center,’ and ‘sports center.’ These results should be considered during the integration of gu (district) and dong(neighborhood) in a city with a population of more than 500,000. At present, a city with a population of more than 500,000 consists of gu(district), eup (town), myeon (township), and dong (neighborhood). When asked if the current multi-tier system is desirable or if it should be restructured into a single-tier system, 30.3% said the ‘current system is okay,’ while 47.6% responded ‘it shouldbe reorganized into a single-tier system.’ In other words, it has been confirmed that a single-tier system is preferred overthe current multi-tier system. In terms of a way of restructuring the single-tier system, ‘small-district system’ is preferred to ‘large-neighborhood system.’ According to comparative analysis, in other words, the former is better than the latter. However, there has also been a positive opinion about a ‘large-neighborhood system.’ In other words, it would be a good idea to come up with a restructuring plan by comparatively reviewing the two suggestions. This study has investigated an effective restructuring plan for the local administrative structure, which hasn’t been discussed since the enactment of the Special Act on Local Administrative Restructuring in 2010 based on the resultsof a survey on local government employees’ awareness. For this, this study has focused on restructuring the multi-tier system into single-tier system by installing a brand-new administrative unit (‘small-district system’) after integrating gu (district) and dong(neighborhood) in a city with a population of more than 500,000 among local authorities across the nation. This study has attempted to promote the integration of gu(district) and dong (neighborhood) and contribute to the development of local administrations by analyzingwhat advantages and suggestions could be obtained if the administrative structure of a city with a population of more than 500,000 is restructured into a single-tier system by integrating gu(district) and dong (neighborhood). Unlike other previous studies which suggested a ‘large-neighborhood system,’ the administrative restructuring plan for a city with a population of more than 500,000 has suggested a ‘small-district system.’ If a new administrative unit which integrates gu (district) and dong (neighborhood) is installed and operated, it would be perceived as a common district. In the case of a ‘large-neighborhood system,’ it may differ from numerous dongs (neighborhoods) in cities with a population of less than 500,000, which may cause some confusion. Therefore, this study has enhanced effectiveness and the ability to realize the outcomesby verifying necessities and suggesting an alternative plan based on the ‘small-district system.’It is expected that the results of this study would be helpful in developing a policy for local administrative restructuring and for future benefit.

15세기 우리말 매김마디 연구

허원욱 건국대학교 대학원 1988 국내석사

This thesis can be summarized as follows; Adnominal clauses can be classified to 'Sliped-Adnominal Clause (Relative Clause)' that the sentential constituent of deep structure is sliped, and 'Non Sliped-Adnominal Clause (Complete Clause)' that any sentential constituent is not sliped. 'Sliped-Adnominal Clause' can be subclassified to 'Subject-Sliped Adnominal Clause', 'Object-Sliped Adnominal Clause', 'Locative-Sliped Adnominal Clause', 'Instrumental-Sliped Adnominal Clause', 'Comparative-Sliped Adnominal Clause'. Each Adnominal Clause can modify free noun or bound noun. ◁표삽입▷(원문을 참조하세요) In the 15th Century, the Case 1) (Subject-Sliped Adnominal Clause), 「-o/u-」 (「-오/우-」) is not inserted in adjectival, on the contrary the case 2), 3), 4), 5), 「-o/u-」 (「-오/우-」) is inserted. 「-o/u-」 is to indicate what sentential constituent is sliped. Non sliped-Adnominal Clause, 「-o/u-」 is inserted unregularly. It is because there is no sliped sentential constituent. When one of 「-s∧p-」(「-ㅅ、ㅂ -」), 「-□si-」(「-으시-」) is inserted in deep structure, though sentential constituent is sliped, 「-s∧p-」or「-□si-」 is remained the place. 「-s∧p-」+「-□si-」is inserted in deep structure, one Honorific morpheme that respected sliped sentential constituent is disappeared in surface structure. Surface structure is the Adnominal Clause. In Object-Sliped Adnominal Clause, the case 「-s∧p-」 respects the sliped object. 「-o/u-」 is disappered because it is remainder. 「-s∧p-」 already indicates the fact that the sliped sentential constituent is object.

慢性 副鼻洞炎 患者 鼻汁의 眞菌 培養 및 炎症細胞 分析

許元旭 대구가톨릭대학교 2002 국내석사

Analysis of Fungi and Inflammatory cells In the nasal secretion of chronic rhinosinusitis patients Heo, Won Wook Department of Medicine The Graduate School, Catholic University of Daegu (Supervised by Professor Shin, Seung-Heon) (Abstract) Fungi have been increasingly recognized as important pathogens in sinusitis. Many different fungi colonize everyone's nasal secretion and geographic distribution of fungi is different across the United States. The aims of this study were to determine the incidence of positive fungal culture in nasal secretions and the spectrum of fungal elements in Korean nasal cavity, and to clarify the association of fungal sinusitis with type I hypersensitivity. This prospective study evaluated 40 patients with chronic rhinosinusitis(CRS), 20 allergic rhinitis(AR), and 20 normal volunteers. Fungi were cultured with nasal irrigation and swab method, and skin prick test was done to determine the specific IgE against fungi. Inflammatory cells were evaluated with cytologic study of nasal secretion. Fungal cultures of nasal secretions were positive in 92.5% of CRS, 95.0% of AR, and 100% of healthy volunteers by nasal irrigation method. Cladosporium, Alternaria, Fusarium, Penicillium, Aspergillus were commonly cultured, but the fungal culture results were not so significantly different among three groups. Type I hypersensitivity to fungal allergens was not important in the majority of CRS patients. Neutrophils were main inflammatory cells in CRS, but eosinophils also frequently appeared(38-76%) in the nasal secretion of CRS patients. In conclusion, fungi present everyone's nasal secretion, and type I hypersensitivity seems not important in the pathogenesis of CRS. To determine the role of fungi in the pathogenesis of CRS, we need to study the immunologic response of CRS patients against fungi.

15세기 국어의 이름마디와 매김마디 연구

허원욱 건국대학교 대학원 1992 국내박사

The aim of this thesis is to analyse the syntactic characteristics of Nominal Clauses and Adnominal Clauses in 15th Century Korean. This thesis can be summarized as follows : < Nominal Clauses > Nominal Clauses can be classified to 'Nominal Clauses that is transformed from simplex sentence of deep structure' and 'Nominal Clauses that is transformed from complex sentence of deep structure', and can be functioned as every constituent in sentence just like Noun. ◁표 삽입▷(원문을 참조하세요) In Nominal Clauses, 「-o/u-」(「-오/우-」) is obligatorily inserted. The grammatical informations of Nominal Clauses are only Tense (「-asi-.(「-아시-」) ) and Honorific (「-si-,-s∧p-」(「-시-, -□-」) ). When simplex sentence of deep structure is transformed to Nominal Clauses of surface structure, Subject particle 「-i」(「-이」) is sometimes substituted to 「- ∧ i」(「-□」). < Adnominal Clauses > Adnominal Clauses can be classified to 'Slipped Adnominal Clauses ( Relative Clauses )' where the sentential constituent of deep structure is slipped, and 'Non-slipped Adnominalclauses (Complement clauses )' where no sentential constituent of deep structure is slipped. 'Slipped Adnominal Clauses' can be subclassified to 'Subject-Slipped Adnominal Clauses', 'Object-Slipped Adnominal Clauses', 'Locative-Slipped Adnominal Clauses', 'Instrumantal-Slipped Adnominal Clauses', 'Comparative-Slipped Adnominal Clauses'. Each Adnominal Clause can modify free noun or bound noun. In the 'Subject- Slipped Adnominal Clauses', 「-o/u-」 (「-오/우-」) is not inserted. On the contrary, in the 'object-Slipped Adnominal Clauses', 「-o/u-」 is inserted. In the other cases, 「-o/u-」 is inserted unregulally. When either 「-s∧p-」 or 「-si-」 is inserted in deep structure, though sentential constituent is slipped, 「-s∧p-」 or 「-si-」 is remained. When both 「-s ∧ p-」 and 「-si-」 are inserted in deep structure, one Honorific morpheme that respected the slipped sentential constituent disappears in the surface structure. In 'Object- Slipped Adnominal Clauses', when 「-s∧p-」 respects the slipped object, 「-o/u-」 disappears because it is a surplusage. 「-s ∧ p-」 already indicated that the slipped sentential constituent is Object.

예능 프로그램 자막을 활용한 한국어 듣기 교육 방안 : 중급 학습자를 중심으로

왕수야오 건국대학교 대학원 2022 국내석사

Korean language education has always occupied a position in language education. With globalization, the education industry is also developing in various ways. Therefore, Korean language education not only has a positive effect, but also has advanced educational methods and contents, and the number of learners learning Korean is increasing year by year. Still, Korean learners still had problems in the Korean language learning process. In other words, since the contents of the textbook are different from the actual life, the learner's listening ability cannot be effectively improved. Due to limited class time, the task of teachers to complete the contents of the textbook is particularly important, but this was mainly focused on teaching grammar in class indirectly. Teachers do not have more time to teach knowledge to learners, and learners cannot train other learning skills. If these problems continue, the learner's communication skills will inevitably decrease. The contents of the textbook are of course important, but the fixed contents of the textbook still lack the naturalness and randomness of daily exchanges. Therefore, it is also a major cause of difficulties for learners to listen to in daily life other than class. In addition, since the current focus on Korean language education aims to focus on communication, it is more important to teach Korean from the perspective of real life. Therefore, in order to solve the problems presented above, this paper intends to enact a Korean listening education plan using subtitles from entertainment programs. First, entertainment programs are video media that are very close to daily exchanges with life. The contents of entertainment programs can be more flexible and diverse than the contents of dramas and movies. In particular, there are many topics such as culture, economy, and social life, which allows learners to improve their listening and communication skills through entertainment programs, as well as understand Korean humanities life well. Second, through the "Hallyu" craze, various entertainment programs were created and received attention. In particular, the popularity of entertainment programs is steady due to the appearance of stars and idols. Therefore, using entertainment programs in class can not only cater to learners but also improve concentration. In addition, if you use the fun characteristics of the entertainment program itself, you can mobilize the class atmosphere. Third, this paper will not only utilize entertainment programs, but also conduct research by utilizing subtitles in entertainment programs. The main role of subtitles is to show the conversation of the character. In other words, subtitles are a method of converting sound into letters. Learners can understand character conversations through subtitles. Therefore, subtitles are somewhat the same as the role of the listening text. Learners can check if what they have heard through the original text is correct, so the listening text can help improve their listening ability. Therefore, subtitles play the same role in entertainment programs, and it seems that using subtitles from entertainment programs can have an effective effect on improving listening skills. The core of this paper is to truly achieve the goal of improving listening and communication skills by acquiring basic knowledge through listening content and materials on the premise of cultivating learners' listening skills. Therefore, this paper will present Korean listening classes and guidance plans for intermediate learners using subtitles of entertainment programs. 한국어 교육은 언어 교육에서 줄곧 한 자리를 차지하고 있다. 세계화에 따라 교육학 분야도 다양하게 발전하는 추세이다. 그러므로 한국어 교육은 긍정적인 영향을 미칠 뿐만 아니라 교육 방법과 내용도 진보하였으며 한국어를 배우는 학습자도 해마다 증가하는 추세이다. 그러나 한국어 학습자는 한국어 학습 과정에서 여전히 문제를 겪고 있다. 바로, 교재 내용이 실제 생활과 차이가 있으므로 학습자의 듣기 능력이 효과적으로 향상되지 못하는 문제이다. 제한된 수업 시간으로 인해 대부분의 수업 시간은 문법 위주로 진행되고 있다. 교사가 학습자에게 더 다양한 지식을 가르칠 시간이 없어서 학습자는 다양한 학습 능력을 배우지 못한다. 이러한 문제가 계속된다면 학습자의 의사소통 능력이 떨어질 수밖에 없다. 교재 내용도 물론 중요하지만, 고정된 교재 내용은 일상적인 교류의 자연성과 실제성을 키우는 데 부족하다. 이러한 점이 학습자가 수업 이외의 일상생활에서 듣기에 대한 어려움이 있는 주요 원인이 되기도 한다. 또한, 지금 한국어 교육 중심은 의사소통 중심으로 하는 것을 목표로 하고 있으므로 실제 생활의 관점에서 한국어를 가르치는 것이 더욱 중요하다. 따라서 본 논문은 위의 제시했던 문제점을 해결하기 위해 예능 프로그램 자막을 활용하여 한국어 듣기 교육 방안을 제시하고자 한다. 첫째, 예능 프로그램은 생활과 일상적인 교류에 매우 가까운 영상매체이다. 드라마와 영화의 내용보다 예능 프로그램의 내용이 더 유연하고 다양하다. 특히 문화, 경제, 사회생활 등이 주제가 많이 나오며 이는 학습자가 예능 프로그램을 통해 듣기 능력과 의사소통 능력을 향상할 수 있을 뿐 아니라 일상생활에 대해 잘 이해할 수 있게 한다. 둘째, “한류” 열풍을 통해 예능 프로그램도 다양하게 만들어졌으며 주목받았다. 특히 스타와 아이돌의 출연으로 예능 프로그램의 인기가 꾸준하다. 따라서 수업 시간에서 예능 프로그램을 활용하면 학습자에게 영합할 수 있을 뿐만 아니라 집중력도 높아질 수 있다. 그리고 예능 프로그램 자체의 재미있는 특징을 이용하면 수업 분위기도 좋아질 수 있다. 셋째, 본 논문은 예능 프로그램을 활용할 뿐만 아니라 예능 프로그램 속 자막도 활용하여 연구를 수행할 것이다. 자막의 주요 역할은 인물의 대화 내용을 보여주는 것이다. 즉, 자막은 소리를 문자로 바꾸는 방법이다. 학습자는 자막을 통해 인물 대화를 이해할 수 있다. 따라서 자막은 어느 정도 듣기 원문의 역할과 같다. 학습자는 원문을 통해 들은 내용이 맞는지 확인할 수 있으므로 듣기 원문은 듣기 능력을 진보하는 데에 도움을 줄 수 있다. 그러므로 자막은 예능 프로그램에서도 같은 역할을 하여 예능 프로그램 자막을 활용하면 듣기 능럭을 향상시키는 데에 효과적일 수 있다. 본 논문의 핵심은 학습자의 듣기 능력을 배양하는 것을 전제로 하여 듣기 내용과 재료를 통해 기초 지식을 습득함으로써 듣기 능력 및 의사소통 능력을 향상시키는 것이다. 따라서 본 논문은 중급 학습자를 대상으로 예능 프로그램 자막을 활용한 한국어 듣기 수업과 지도안을 제시할 것이다.

韓國과 美國의 中等學校 學生들의 科學에 對한 理解度 比較 硏究

허원욱 (許元旭) 仁川大學 敎育大學院 1984 국내석사