확률모형을 이용한 자궁경부암 조기검진 전략

피영규,이정희,정성화,Phee, Young-Gyu,Lee, Jeong-Hee,Jeong, Seong-Hwa 한국데이터정보과학회 2010 한국데이터정보과학회지 Vol.21 No.1

The purpose of this study was to investigate the most cost-effectiveness screening strategies for cervical cancer in Korea. We calculated the age-specific cervical cancer incidence rate from Korea Central Cancer Registry (2003), and then estimated the schedule sensitivity, detection probability, and screening and confirmative costs of each screening strategy based on the stochastic process (Lee and Zelen, 1998). The efficiency of the screening strategy was evaluated by incremental cost-effectiveness analysis. The most effective strategy was every 3 years pap smear test between the age of 35 and 65 years in the cervical cancer screening. The findings of this study will be helpful to evaluate efficiency of cancer screening strategies, and to provide the theoretical background of development and assessment of early detection of cancer in Korea. 본 논문에서는 우리나라 자궁경부암 조기검진 권고안을 바탕으로 검진주기 및 검진연령 변화에 따른 다양한 검진전략들의 효율성을 검토하고 비용-효과분석을 통하여 비용-효과적인 대안을 찾아 제시하고자 하였다. 한국중앙암등록본부의 2002년 자료와 확률모형을 이용하여 고려된 검진전략을 검진의 민감도와 무증상 상태에 있는 암 환자를 발견할 확률 및 검진비용을 추정하여 비용-효과분석을 시행하였다. 연구결과 비용-효과적인 측면에서 자궁경부세포검사를 이용한 35세부터 65세까지 3년 주기의 검진전략이 상대적으로 높은 효율성을 나타내었다.

시료채취방법에 따른 면분진의 공기 중 농도 비교

피영규,김현욱,변상훈,Phee, Young-Gyu,Kim, Hyun-Wook,Byeon, Sang-Hoon 한국환경보건학회 2009 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.35 No.5

This study was undertaken to compare the performance of three dust samplers for collecting cotton dust fibers. For this study, three dust samplers including Vertical Elutriator (VE), Total Dust Method (TDM) using 37 mm cassette, and the Institute of Occupational Medicine (IOM) sampler were selected. A total of 6 cotton mills and 4 towel factories were investigated. When measured by VE, the GM for cotton dust was 0.19 $mg/m^3$ which was less than the current occupational exposure limit (OEL) 0.2 $mg/m^3$. But when measured by TDM and IOM at the same locations, the GMs were 0.37 and 0.63 $mg/m^3$, respectively. In Korea, most industrial hygienists have used the TDM for cotton dust measurements and the results were compared with either the TLV for cotton dust or the PNOC (particulates not otherwise classified) of 10 $mg/m^3$ for making decisions. The results of this study clearly showed that past cotton dust measurements and decisions made with such results were not correct. It needs to be noticed the related contents by using VE if it applies to the exposure limit, 0.2 $mg/m^3$, and needs to be revised the exposure limit by IOM. Also, if TDM is used, it requires to be studied and suggested to the new OEL.

고속도로 톨게이트 부스의 공기 중 분진 및 침착 분진 특성

남미란 ( Mi Ran Nam ),정종현 ( Jong-hyoen Jung ),피영규 ( Young Gyu Phee1* ) 한국산업보건학회 (구 한국산업위생학회) 2020 한국산업보건학회지 Vol.30 No.1

Objectives: This study was performed to evaluate the total dust, size-selective dust, and heavy metal concentrations generated inside and outside toll booths on an expressway and to identify the source through analysis of the components of the deposited dust. Methods: A total of 32 samples were collected from eight expressway toll booths. Each total dust sample was collected using a 37 mm PVC filter attached to a personal air sampler. Heavy metal samples were collected according to NIOSH method 7300. The size-selective dust concentrations were identified using a DustMate, and deposited dust was analyzed by WD-XRF and UHR-FE-SEM. Results: The geometric mean concentrations of the total dust inside and outside the toll booths were 337.5 ㎍/㎥ and 342.7 ㎍/㎥, respectively. The overall concentrations of TSP, PM₁₀, PM_2.5, and PM₁ were higher on the outside of the toll booths, as the particle size of dust was larger, and higher in the underground passage as the dust size was smaller. The real-time analysis of the dust concentrations of TSP, PM₁₀, PM_2.5, and PM₁ revealed to be higher at morning and evening times than other times because of heavy traffic. The element components of deposited dust in the toll booth were related to natural sources rather than artificial sources. Among the chemical components in the deposited dust analyzed by WD-XRF, SiO₂ was the highest. For the elements analyzed by UHR-FE-SEM, C was the highest, followed by O, and Si. Conclusions: In order to reduce the dust concentrations around toll booths on an expressway, it is necessary to periodically clean surrounding areas such as underground passages, and it is also necessary to remove deposited dust inside the toll booth from time to time.

우리나라 산업보건 주요기관의 인력 현황

피영규 ( Young Gyu Phee ),김승원 ( Seung Won Kim ),이사우 ( Sa Woo Lee ),이광용 ( Gwangyong Yi ) 한국산업보건학회 2023 한국산업보건학회지 Vol.33 No.1

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to identify information on the workers at major industrial health institutions. Methods: The subjects were employees at work environment measurement institutions, specialized health management institutions, special health examination institutions, and health checkup institutions. Data on these employees was identified by age, career, region, and qualification. Results: The sample totaled 6,449 workers at major industrial health institutions. The number of doctors, nurses, and industrial hygienists was identified at 4,609. For their age groups, 34.1% were in their 30s, and 56.3% had less than five years of work experience. The distribution by region was 24.3% in Gyeonggi-do Province, 12.7% in Seoul, and 8.7% in Gyeongsangnam-do Province. Conclusions: Information on occupational health human resources has been published irregularly and is limited by specialty. Therefore, it is necessary to systematize information on human resources and disclose it regularly so that supply and demand conditions can be predicted when establishing industrial accident prevention policies.

우리나라 노출기준 초과 발암성물질의 특성

피영규 ( Young Gyu Phee ) 한국산업위생학회 2011 한국산업보건학회지 Vol.21 No.4

The objective of this study was to analyze 157 processes of 145 industries that exceeded Korean Occupational Exposure Limits (KOEL) for carcinogen during the 11 year period from 1999 to 2009. The data included number of industry and workers exposed, type of carcinogen and their exceeded ratio, type and size of industry in each year. These data were collected by 46 regional employment & labor offices in Korea using work environment monitoring reports. The result showed that, in each year, about 10 industries exceed their carcinogen exposure limit. The most common carcinogen exceeding KOEL were found to be formaldehyde, benzene, ethylene oxide and chromiumⅥ. The carcinogen with the highest level of over-exposure were in the order of formaldehyde, benzene, ethylene oxide and asbestos. Fabricated metal product manufacturing industry were found to be most vulnerable against carcinogen with 11.1% of them exceeding carcinogen KOEL followed by electronic components manufacturing industry (8.3%), chemical products manufacturing industry (6.3%), and electrical equipments manufacturing industry (4.9%). The industry employing less than 50 workers had the highest percentage of exceeding carcinogen KOEL with 52.8%. The result also showed that strengthening KOEL for benzene and asbestos helped reduce the level of carcinogen over-exposure. Based on these results, strengthening the KOEL or new regulation turned out to help reduce the carcinogen over-exposure level. Benzene, ethylene oxide and chromiumⅥ were the most frequently over-exposed carcinogen with the highest level. Therefore, these chemicals need to be regulated with a highest priority to improve the workplace environment. The results also show that the small-sized industries employing less than 50 workers was the most vulnerable against carcinogen exposures. Therefore, more government support are needed for these small-sized industries to help them to improve their workplace environment.

Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrophotometric Direct on Filte 방법을 이용한 석영 분석의 기초 연구 -필터재질, 비균일 침착 및 습도의 영향-

피영규 ( Young Gyu Phee ),김현욱 ( Hyun Wook Kim ) 한국산업위생학회 2005 한국산업보건학회지 Vol.15 No.1

Although the Fourier Transform Infra-Red spectrophotometric Direct on Filter(FTIR-DOF) method is a useful analytical technique for quantifying quartz content in respirable dust samples, a number of analytical problems must be taken into consideration such as, to name only a few, inhomogeneous deposition of particles, level of environmental humidity, uneven surface of the filter, and interfering minerals in the sample. This study was designed to select the most suitable wavelength and proper filter material for the method, and to investigate effects of humidity and inhomogeneous deposition of particles on the filter. Samples of respirable dust, created in a dust chamber containing standard material of quartz, were collected using a cyclone equipped with a 25mm filter as a collection medium. The results were as follows; 1. Among seven (7) commercially available filters tested for the FTIR-DOF method, the DM 800 filter showed the best analytical performance having the lowest background absorbance bands and no overlapping peaks at 799, 779, and 695cm-1. 2. The variations of absorbance due to humidity ranged from 1.0% to 3.3% for 799cm-1, 1.0% to 3.3% for 779cm-1, and 8.9%~20.9% for 695cm-1 peaks, respectively. The 699cm-1 peak was proved to be most vulnerble to environmental humidity for quantitative analysis of quartz. 3. As for effects of inhomogeneous deposition of samples, the highest variation of absorbance of 10.9% (13.5㎍) was observed when using the 695cm-1. The variations of absorbance from the other two peaks, 799 and 779cm-1, ranged from 1.2 to 3.2%, and 1.4 to 4.1%, respectively. Therefore, the 799cm-1 peak was considered to be most reliable for quantitative analysis of quartz. The results of this study suggest that, for quantitative analysis of quartz in the respirable dust samples, use of the 799cm-1 peak can minimize the influence of environmental humidity and inhomogeneous deposition of particles on the filter. The FTIR-DOF method, if adopted for routine analysis of quartz in the respirable dust samples, could save sample preparation time and efforts substantially and also could increase analytical throughputs. Since use of the 799cm-1 peak is prone to be affected by interferences in the sample, further research on minimizing the effects is needed.

우리나라 석면함유제품 취급 사업장의 공기 중 석면 농도의 시간적 변화

피영규 ( Young Gyu Phee ) 한국산업보건학회 (구 한국산업위생학회) 2016 한국산업보건학회지 Vol.26 No.4

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to evaluate trends in asbestos exposure among asbestos-handling industries from 2000 to 2005. Methods: The data included the number of industries and workers exposed, concentrations of asbestos and the amount exceeded, and the type and size of industry by year. These data were collected by 46 regional employment and labor offices in Korea using work environment monitoring reports. A total of 1,481 samples from 284 industries were extracted from the reports and were analyzed with no data modification. Results: The means of asbestos concentration decreased from 0.84 f/㎤ to 0.03 f/㎤ during the period 2000-2005. Among the total of 1,481 samples, 11 samples(0.7%) exceeded the KOEL, and 178 samples(12.0%) were ACGIH TLV. The insulating paper product manufacturing industry was found to have the highest level of asbestos, followed by the fireproofing manufacturing industry, brake lining products manufacturing industry, commutator products manufacturing industries, and construction materials manufacturing industry. The number of asbestos handling industries decreased from 48 industries with 1,155 employees to 37 industries during the period of 2000 to 2005, but the number of asbestos workers expanded to the point that 1,182 employees could be found in 2005. Conclusion: Based on these results, the strengthening of the KOEL and new regulations turned out to help reduce asbestos exposure levels. This study recommends that retrospective exposure to asbestos based on various industry types should be assessed.

우리나라 산업위생 인력의 현황

피영규 ( Young Gyu Phee ),황호순 ( Ho Soon Hwang ) 한국산업위생학회 2003 한국산업보건학회지 Vol.13 No.3

This is study was carried out from June to December, 2002 to improve industrial hygiene service one step further by analyzing current industrial hygiene manpower in Korea. Questionnaires were collected from Ministry of Labor (headquarter, 36 regional & area offices), Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency(head office, 24 branch offices & affiliated organizations), designated working environment monitoring institutions(111), health management specializing agencies(82), special health diagnosis institutions(105), private enterprises` health managers(355), and civic organizations(1). The questionnaire was composed of six main parts including duty & assignment, license hold, service area, age, and educational background including major and years at current work. The results of this study were as follows: 1. A total of 1,607 persons work in the industrial hygiene area in Korea. 40.1 %(643 persons) of them carried out working environment monitoring, followed by 35.7 %(574) serving in health management area and 8.0 %(128) working in technical support area. 2. The license hold by persons serving in industrial hygiene area can be classified into third different categories. 49.4 %(793 persons) had engineer followed by the industrial engineer with 17.7 %(285), and professional engineer with 6.0 %(97). 3. Regarding the location of service area, Gyonggi province was at the top with 25.0 %(410) of manpower due to many manufacturing industries within its province. It was followed by Gyongnam province(17.7 %, 285), and Seoul(10.5 %, 168). 4. The mean age for people serving in industrial hygiene area was 34.5±6.2 years, and the number of years at current work was 7.4±4.7 years. The distribution of industrial hygiene manpower by sex were 81.7 %(1,023 persons) in male, and 18.3 %(229) in female. 5. Industrial hygienists with 4-year bachelor`s degree had the highest percentage with 53.6 %(671) followed by master`s degree holding industrial hygienists with 26.0 %(326). Industrial hygienists with Ph.D is 2.8 %(35). 6. Regarding educational background of people serving in industrial hygiene area, industrial health & hygiene was at the top with 40.1 %(502) followed by the environmental science with 23.9 %(298).

생산직 여성근로자의 직무스트레스와 근골격계증상이 건강관련 삶의 질에 미치는 영향

이영미 ( Young-mee Lee ),피영규 ( Young Gyu Phee ) 한국산업보건학회 (구 한국산업위생학회) 2016 한국산업보건학회지 Vol.26 No.2

Objectives: The objectives of this study were to investigate female labor workers`` occupational stress and musculoskeletal symptoms and to identify the effects of their occupational stress and musculoskeletal symptoms on their health-related quality of life. Methods: A survey was conducted through direct interviews using a musculoskeletal symptoms questionnaire, the Korean Occupational Stress Scale(KOSS), and the Short-Form 36-Item Health Survey(SF-36). Subjects were 112 female labor workers inthree factories in D city who were selected by convenience sampling. Results: Factors significantly affecting health-related quality of life were found to be: occupational stress(β=-.36); degree of pain, with medium pain(β=-.31) and extremely severe pain(β=-.24); duration of pain, with more than 1 week-less than 1 month(β=-.25) and more than 6 months(β=-.16); frequency of pain, with once per 2-3 months(β=-.22); responses to pain such as medical leave, use of worker``s compensation insurance, task change, etc.(β=-.16), and Slightly difficult(β=-.16) versus Not hard at all. These variables demonstrated that health-related quality of life is 48%(F=11.72, p<.001) in female workers. Conclusions: To improve female labor workers`` health-related quality of life based on the above results, occupational health managers should reduce the workers`` occupational stress, develop and apply health interventions regarding musculoskeletal symptoms, prevent the early onset of musculoskeletal symptoms, and protect and promote the workers`` health

울산 지역 학교의 휘발성유기화합물 평가

정종현,이사우,피영규,Jung, Jong-Hyeon,Lee, Sa-Woo,Phee, Young-Gyu 한국학교보건학회 2012 韓國學校保健學會誌 Vol.25 No.1

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the concentrations of volatile organic compounds at elementary, middle, and high schools in Ulsan and its surroundings. Methods: To assess the hazardous chemicals of the 66 classrooms in the 22 schools, the 6 volatile organic compounds such as TVOCs (Total Volatile Organic Compounds), benzene, toluene, xylene, ethyl benzene and stylene were measured and analyzed from the beginning of May to the end of December, 2009. Results: The mean concentrations of TVOCs in the elementary schools were higher than those of middle and high schools, and multi-purpose classrooms was higher than that in general ones. The benzene and toluene level in schools in Dong-Gu in the vicinity of assorted industrial complexes was higher than that of schools located in other districts around the Ulsan Metropolitan Area. Conclusion: In case of schools in Ulsan Metropolitan Area, elementary school, schools in Dong-Gu, and multipurpose classrooms over general classrooms should be given a high priority for the management of volatile organic compounds.