대나무 분말의 항산화력과 돼지의 면역 활성에 미치는 영향

송윤오 ( Yun O Song ),추교문 ( Gyo Moon Chu ),장선희 ( Sun Hee Jang ),구애진 ( Ae Jin Goo ),고응규 ( Yeoung Gyu Ko ),하지희 ( Ji Hee Ha ),이재형 ( Jae Young Lee ),강석남 ( Suk Nam Kang ),송영민 ( Young Min Song ),조재현 ( Jae Hyeo 한국동물위생학회 2014 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.37 No.2

본 연구는 대나무 분말의 항산화 활성이 비육돈에서 면역조절 효과에 미치는 영향을 구명하기 위해 실시하였으며, 이를 위해 대나무 분말 추출물의 항산화능을 검정하기 위하여, 총페놀 함량, 플라보노이드함량 및 DHHP, ABST, hydroxyl radical 등의 소거활성능을 알아보았다. 대나무 추출물의 항산화능은 높게 나타났으며, DPPH와 ABTS, HRSA 라디칼 소거능은 12∼21%였으며, 추출물의 유효성분으로 총페놀 함량은 171 mg/g이었으며, 플라보노이드 함량은 127.mg/g으로 나타났다. 다음으로 대나무 분말이 함유된 배합사료 급여시 돼지의 면역력에 미치는 영향을 알아보았다. 처리구에는 일반사료를 급여하였고, 시험구는 일반사료에 대나무분말을 1.0%, 2.0% 및 3.0%을 첨가하여 급여하였다. 대나무분말 첨가수준에 따라 혈액의 혈구계수 중 백혈구, 적혈구, 헤마토크리트 함량에서 유의적인 수준의 차이를 나타내지 않았다. 하지만 헤모글로빈 함량이 무처리 대조구에 비교하여 증가하였으며 특히 2∼3%의 처리구에서 헤모글로빈 함량은 높게 나타났다. 혈액 내 총단백질, 혈중알부민의 농도를 분석한 결과 처리구와 무처리구간에 유의적인 차이를 나타내지 않았다. AST, ALT 함량은 대나무 분말 처리군에서 무처리군보다 약간 높게 나타나지만 정상적인 범위내에서의 변화를 보였다. immunoglobulin에서 IgA와 IgG 농도는 무처리구에 비교하여 대나무 분말 처리구에서 높게 나타나고, IgA는 처리구 간의 차이가 나타나지 않았지만 IgG 농도에서는 대나무 추출물 2%, 3% 처리구가 1% 처리구에 비해 높은 수준을 나타냈다. TNF-α의 경우 무첨가구와 첨가구 사이의 유의적인 차이가 없었지만, 대나무 분말 첨가구에서 interferon-γ의 함량은 모든 첨가구에서 무처리 군보다 유의적으로 높게 나타났다. 특히 2%, 3% 처리구가 1%의 처리구 보다도 높은 interferon-γ의 함량을 나타내었다. 이는 대나무의 페놀, 또는 플라보노이드 성분에 기초한 높은 항산화력에 의하거나, 또는 대나무에 포함된 돼지 초기 면역반응을 활성화시킬 수 있는 물질에 의한 면역활성 증강에 따른 것으로 사료된다. 결론적으로 대나무 분말의 높은 항산화력은 돼지 면역력 향상에 기여하였으며, 특히 2∼3% 대나무 분말 첨가 사료는 돼지 생리활성을 크게 증강시키는 것으로 사료된다. The present study was designed to explore the antioxidant effect of Bamboo powder and its immunoreactivity in pigs. We investigated the functional properties of Bamboo extracts by means of measuring the contents of total polyphenols and flavonoid as well as determining ABST, DPPH radical scavenging activity, and hydroxyl radical scavenging activity and anticancer activity. The total phenolic compound and flavonoids contents of Bamboo extracts were 171.25 mg/g and 127.5 mg/g, respectively. The DPPH radical, hydroxyl radical, ABST radical scavenging activity of Bamboo extracts were 17.3%, 12.5% and 21.5%, respectively. Evidenced by MTT and cell cycle assay, Bamboo dose-dependently inhibited the cell proliferation and induced G0/G1-phase arrest in CHO cells at concentrations of 100, 250, and 500 μg/ml Bamboo extracts. More than 80% of apoptotic cells were observed by staining with annexin V in 500 μg/ml Bamboo-treated CHO cells, indicating that Bamboo had potent anticancer activities. Next, to investigate the effect of Bamboo on cytokine, immunoglobulin concentration, and blood compositions, flatting pigs were fed with Bamboo powder for 38 days. Flatting pigs were divided into 4 groups; basal diet (control), basal diet supplemented with 1% Bamboo powder (T1), 2% Bamboo powder (T2), and 3% Bamboo powder (T3). The level of hemoglobin increased in the all Bamboo-fed groups compared with the normal control group. In particular, platelet levels in the all Bamboo-treated groups increased by approximately 90% compared with the levels from pig on a normal control. Serum levels of immunoglobulins (IgG, IgA) in the pigs fed Bamboo powder were modestly increased, and the interferon-γ level also was strongly increased in 2% or 3% Bamboo-fed groups compared with the levels in control groups. Together, these results demonstrated that Bamboo extracts had an effective capacity of scavenging for ABTS, DPPH, and hydroxyl radicals and showed correlation with potent phenol and flavonoid contents, thus suggesting its antioxidant potential. Moreover, administration of Bamboo in 2∼3% improved blood parameters and platelets, and especially immunity-related ones such as IgG, IgA, and interferon- γ, leading to be potential feed additives in flatting pigs.

Effects of Halogenated Compounds on in vitro Fermentation Characteristics in the Rumen and Methane Emissions

Hee Soon Hwang(황희순),Ji Un Ok(옥지운),Shin Ja Lee(이신자),Gyo Moon Chu(추교문),kyoung Hoon Kim(김경훈),Young Kyoon Oh(오영균),Sang Suk Lee(이상석),Sung Sill Lee(이성실) 한국생명과학회 2012 생명과학회지 Vol.22 No.9

본 연구는 할로겐 화합물의 첨가가 in vitro 상의 반추위 발효성상과 메탄생성에 미치는 영향에 대한 효과를 규명하고자 실시하였다. Italian rye grass 및 배합사료를 6:4의 비율로 급여한 반추위 cannula가 시술된 홀스타인에서 반추위액을 채취하여 사용하였고, 채취된 반추위액은 분쇄된 timothy (대조구; C)에 bromochloromethane (BCM구), 2-Bromoethanesulfonic acid (BES구), 3-Bromopropanesulfonic acid (BPS구), chloroform (CLF구) 및 Pyromellitic diimide (PMDI구)의 5가지 할로겐 화합물을 각각 1 ppm씩 첨가하여 in vitro 배양하였다. pH는 6.72 에서 6.25 정도로 배양시간이 경과함에 따라 낮아지는 경향을 나타내었고, 배양 48시간에는 처리구간 차이가 없었다. 배양 48시간 후의 총 가스 발생량은 처리구간 유의적인(p<0.05) 차이는 없었고, BPS구를 제외한 모든 처리구 에서의 메탄 발생량은 대조구에 비해 유의적으로(p<0.05) 감소하였다. 배양 12시간에서의 총 휘발성 지방산 및 propionic acid의 발생량은 처리구가 대조구에 비해 유의적으로(p<0.05) 높았다. 본 실험의 결과, 할로겐 화합물의 첨가는 반추위 내의 pH, 건물 소화율, 미생물 수 및 총 가스 발생량의 발효 성상에는 영향을 주지 않으면서 메탄의 발생량이 감소 되었다. 실험 결과를 종합해 보면, 할로겐 화합물 첨가는 반추위 내 pH, 가스 발생량, 반추위 미생물 성장량 및 propionic acid 모두 증가하였으며, 반추위내 메탄생성을 억제하였다. 앞으로 할로겐화합물과 다른 메탄억제 물질과 혼합하여 반추위 내 메탄생성 억제에 관한 구체적인 연구가 필요한 것으로 생각된다. This study was conducted to evaluate effects of halogenated compounds on in vitro rumen fermentation characteristics and methane emissions. A fistulated Holstein cow of 650 kg body weight was used as a donor of rumen fluid. Five kinds of halogenated compounds (bromochloromethane (BCM), 2-bromoethane sulfonic acid (BES), 3-bromopropanesulfonic acid (BPS), chloroform (CLF), and pyromellitic diimide (PMDI) known to inhibit methyl-coenzyme M reductase activity were added to an in vitro fermentation incubated with rumen fluid. The microbial population including bacteria, protozoa, and fungi were enumerated, and gas production including methane and fermentation characteristics were observed in vitro. The pH values ranged from 6.25 to 6.72 in all the treatments, and these showed a similar level at 48 hr. The total gas production in the treatments showed a similar pattern with C at 48 hr, whereas methane production in the treatments was lower (p <0.05) than C. Concentrations of total volatile fatty acids (VFAs) and propionic acid were higher (p <0.05) in the treatments than in C at 12 hr. Therefore, halogenated compounds (BCM, BES, BPS, CLF, and PMDI) inhibited in vitro methane emissions by inhibiting methanogens in the rumen. Further studies on safety are needed.

대나무 분말 첨가가 돼지생산성, 도체특성, 혈액성상, 돈분의 가스발생량 및 미생균 균총에 미치는 영향

송영민 ( Young Min Song ),조재현 ( Jae Hyeon Cho ),추교문 ( Gyo Moon Chu ),김회윤 ( Hoi Yun Kim ),이재영 ( Jae Young Lee ),김승철 ( Seung Cheol Kim ),김삼철 ( Sam Churl Kim ) 한국환경과학회 2014 한국환경과학회지 Vol.23 No.8

In this study, we investigated the effects of dietary supplementation (n = 40 pigs/treatment) with bamboo powder (0, 1, 2 and 3%) for 38 days. We evaluated growth performance, blood metabolites, and carcass characteristics of fattening pigs and gas emission and microbial populations in pig manure, to obtain data on pork producers for environmental management. We obtained the following results. First, supplementation with increasing amounts of bamboo powder had a significant (P < 0.05) effect on feed intake, feed efficiency, and glucose contents (except for initial and final body weight, weight gain, carcass characteristics, and blood urea nitrogen). In terms of blood metabolites, glucose and blood urea nitrogen tended to decrease with increasing amounts of bamboo powder. Second, the amounts of ammonia, methane, amine, hydrogen sulfide, and acetic acid were reduced by increasing amounts of bamboo powder when compared with the controls (P < 0.05). However, there were no significant differences in pH, propionic acid, iso-butyric acid, butyric acid, iso-valeric acid, and valeric acid among all treatments. The lowest gas emission was observed when 3% bamboo powder was used. Third, supplementation with increasing amounts of bamboo powder tended (P < 0.05) to increase the total number of bacteria, Lactobacillus spp., and yeast, but E. coli, Salmonella spp., and Shigella spp. were not detected in any treatment. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest that supplementation with bamboo powder was effective in reducing gas emission and inhibiting pathogen populations in pig manure by lowering the pH of the manure.

축산물 및 가공 : 물 및 에탄올 추출을 통해 제조된 홍삼 추출물의 첨가가 저장 중 가열 돈육패티의 툼질특성에 미치는 영향

김일석 ( Il Suk Kim ),양미라 ( Mi Ra Yang ),진상근 ( Sang Keun Jin ),박재홍 ( Jae Hong Park ),추교문 ( Gyo Moon Chu ),김재영 ( Jae Young Kim ),감석남 ( Suk Nam Kang ) 한국동물자원과학회(구 한국축산학회) 2013 한국축산학회지 Vol.55 No.5

The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of red ginseng extracted with water extract(WE) and 50% ethanol extract(EE) from white ginseng on cooked meat patties during storage. Different concentrations of extracts were examined (0.25%, 0.5%, and 1.%, respectively, dry base w/w). A significantly higher water holding capacity(WHC) was observed in samples supplemented with ≥0.5% WE(p<0.01); however, EE had no significant effect on the WHC of meat patties. Samples supplemented with ≥0.5% WE or EE showed a significantly higher redness(a*-value) compared to the control(p<0.01). The total plate counts(TPC) and 2-thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) of all treated samples were lower than those of the control. However, there were no significant differences in volatile basic nitrogen(VBN) values and sensory evaluation scores between the samples. These results suggest that red ginseng extract improves color and inhibits lipid oxidation and bacterial population at doses >0.25%, prolonging the shelf-life of meat products and acting as a natural colorant.