제도와 정책이 기업 수익성에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구 : 한·일간 농산물 유통정책의 차이에 따른 도매시장법인 수익성을 중심으로

김윤두(Yoon-Doo Kim),채수호(Sue-Ho Chae),오가영(Ka-Young Oh) 강원대학교 경영경제연구소 2021 Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Vol.12 No.2

Purpose - This study intended to identify the effects of varied institutional systems and policies that regulate or define operations of enterprises upon the profitability of private enterprises through case analysis. Design/methodology/approach - The systems and differences in the institution and commodity distribution in Korea and Japan, which define the operation of the “Garak Wholesale Market” and “Ota Wholesale Market”. We were examined in the presentthis study, and the statistical data pertinent to the trade volume and profitability of wholesale market corporations that substantially run both markets, were analyzed. Findings - The competition among the corporations that run the “Garak Wholesale Market” substantially is limited due to regulations over the mode of transaction and monopoly of trust thereby significantly higher level of profitability and safety are guaranteed. However, the institutional autonomy that enabled each distributor in the “Ota Wholesale Market” to compete with each other freely caused the distributors therein face difficulties in securing stable profits due to the relatively poor level of profitability resulted from the autonomy. Research implications or Originality - It seems the autonomy in commercial transaction in the “Garak Wholesale Market” in Korea needs to be secured to promote the competition of distributors therein through an amelioration of institutional systems and amendment of relevant laws that prescribe current management of various distributors/operators in the market.

순서화 로짓모형을 이용한 친환경농산물 신뢰도에 영향을 미치는 요인분석

임해진(Hae-Jin Lim),채수호(Sue-Ho Chae),김윤두(Yoon-Doo Kim) 한국산업경제학회 2015 산업경제연구 Vol.28 No.2

최근 가계소득 향상과 웰빙 문화의 확대로 인해 소비자들은 과거와 달리 식품안전성에 대한 관심이 높아졌으며, 이에 따라 친환경농산물에 대한 관심과 소비도 큰 폭으로 증가하였다. 그러나, 2014년 친환경농산물 인증기관들의 불성실한 인증행태와 인증관련 비리의 발생으로 인하여 국내에서 생산되는 친환경농산물에 대한 소비자의 신뢰는 크게 하락했다. 이에 본 연구에서는 311명을 대상으로 한 설문조사 결과를 바탕으로 순서화 로짓모형을 활용하여 친환경농산물 인지도, 건강관심도, 환경관심도 등의 구매요인이 친환경농산물 신뢰도에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 분석하고자 하였다. 특히, 2010년 이후 급속도로 확대된 친환경학교급식을 고려하여 자녀의 급식 경험과 급식에 사용되는 친환경농산물에 대한 신뢰성, 유용성, 공감성 등이 소비자의 친환경농산물 신뢰도에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지 알아보고자 하였다. 분석결과 친환경농산물의 구매요인 중 인지도는 친환경농산물 신뢰도에 긍정적인(+) 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 자녀의 학교급식 경험여부 및 학교급식에 사용되는 친환경농산물의 신뢰성, 유용성, 공감성이 친환경농산물 신뢰도에 미치는 영향을 분석한 결과 자녀의 학교급식 경험이 있는 집단의 친환경농산물에 대한 신뢰도가 경험이 없는 집단에 비해 높게 나타났다. 마지막으로 급식에 사용되는 친환경농산물의 신뢰성과 유용성, 공감성이 높을수록 친환경농산물에 대한 신뢰도가 높아지는 것으로 나타났다. Due to the recent improvement of household income and the expansion of the culture of well-being customers became more aware of the food safety than before and by this trend the interests and consumption of environment-friendly agricultural products have been increased rapidly. However, the reliability of consumers on domestic environment-friendly agricultural products declined largely with the insincere certification to environment-friendly agricultural products by authentication agencies along with subsequent irregularities occurred in 2014. Within this context the ordinal logistics model was employed in this study to analyze the influence of the awareness of environment-friendly agricultural products and concerns on health and environment etc. among various factors inducing the purchase of customers through questionnaires distributed to 311 respondents. Particularly, the environment-friendly lunch in schools which was rapidly spread to schools since 2010 was taken into account to find the influence of reliability, usefulness, and empathy of such environment-friendly agricultural products employed for the school feeding for children of customers on the reliability on such environment-friendly products. Result of the analysis conducted in this study revealed that the awareness of the environment-friendly agricultural products has the positive (+) influence on the reliability on these environment-friendly products. Also, the result of analysis on the influence of the reliability, usefulness, and empathy of environment-friendly agricultural products on the reliance on environment-friendly agricultural products showed the group experienced the feeding of environment-friendly agricultural products in schools was more reliable on these products than the group did not have such experiences. Finally, it was also found that the degree of reliance of the subjects on these environment-friendly agricultural products was proportional to the degree of reliability, usefulness, and empathy on these environment-friendly agricultural products employed for the school feeding. agricultural products employed for the school feeding.

농업분야 ODA 효율성 제고 방안에 관한 연구

김윤두(Yoon-Doo Kim),채수호(Sue-Ho Chae),이상덕(Sang Duk Lee) 한국산업경제학회 2016 산업경제연구 Vol.29 No.3

본 연구는 국제농업기술협의체를 통한 ODA 사업인 AFACI 사업 성과분석을 통해 향후 농업분야 ODA 사업의 효율적 추진방향을 제시하고자하였다. 이를 위해 AFACI 사업에 참여하고 있는 각 회원국 사업담당자를 대상으로 AFACI 사업의 과정적 사업성과를 도출하였으며, AFACI 사업 주관부서 담당자 및 전문가를 통한 AHP분석 결과를 바탕으로 개별 사업간 성과를 분석하였다. 분석결과 참여국가 간 네트워크 구축이 활발하게 이루어지고 관련 이해관계자간 의사소통이 원활할수록 사업의 성과가 높게 나타났으며, 농업인들에게 직 간접적으로 소득향상에 미치는 영향이 클수록, 사업 대상 범위(품목, 분야 등)가 다양 할수록 사업성과가 높게 나타났다. 이에 따라 향후 농업분야 ODA 사업은 첫째, 관련된 협의체를 구성하여 다자간 ODA 사업을 시행함으로써 효율성을 제고하고, 둘째, 수원국 간 또는 수원국과 공여국 간의 의사소통과 네트워크 중심의 ODA 사업 추진이 필요한 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 과거와 같이 단순한 자금지원이 아닌 수원국에서 필요로 하는 농업분야의 기술 등에 대한 지원과 수원국 자력으로 지속할 수 있는 협력체계 구축기반을 지원할 필요가 있다. 마지막으로 기존에 수원국에서 접근하기 어려웠던 농업분야에 대한 사업들을 추진함으로써 수원국 농업의 질적 향상을 도울 필요가 있다고 판단된다. This study was designed to present suggestions on the promotion of the ODA projects through an analysis of the performance of the AFACI project, one of the ODA directed by the ‘International Agriculture Technical Cooperation Initiative’ of Korea. To provide the suggestions mentioned above, the performance of the processes of AFACI project was analyzed by the aid of the principal investigators of each country, the member of AFACI project. The performance of project was also examined and compared via the experts and the department of management of the AFACI project by using the analysis of AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process). The results obtained from the analyses showed the projects of the countries constructed international network of fluent communication among stakeholders marked higher performance than other projects. In addition, the projects having greater effects on the increase of the income of people engaged in agricultural field also exhibited higher performance. Based on theresults obtained thereof, following suggestions on the promotion of ODA projects in the field of agriculture in Korea were established as in the following: Firstly, The ODA projects should be promoted through the established multilateral cooperation to raise the efficiency thereof. Secondly, The ODA projects should be promoted based on the established network of fluent communication among therecipient and donor countries. Finally, the projects in the fields where the recipient countries would have difficulties to achieve spontaneous development independently should be promoted to help the qualitative improvement of the agriculture in recipient countries.

조류인플루엔자(AI)와 육계가격 간의 관계분석

홍성규(Hong, Sung-Kyu),채수호(Chae, Sue-Ho),김윤두(Kim, Yoon-Doo) 한국농식품정책학회 2015 농업경영정책연구 Vol.42 No.4

The paper attempted to analyze the long-term and short-term impacts of avian influenza (AI) on broiler prices in each chicken distribution stage in Korea. To this end, the paper utilized the farm price, wholesale price (after slaughtering), and consumer price of the broilers and applied the AI occurrence periods as dummy variables. From the analysis, both the results of the unit root test considering structural break and the results of the unit root test without consideration of structural break were shown to be non-stationary time series so it was shown that the structural break did not affect the stationarity of the time series. However, from the cointegration test conducted considering structural break and the cointegration test conducted without consideration of structural break, changes appeared in the long run equilibrium, that is, the cointegration test when considering the structural break. In other words, occurrence of AI was shown to affect the long run equilibrium relationship of the prices in each stage of the long term distribution. From the analysis by VECM (Vector Error Correction Model), when deviations in prices occur between each distribution stage with structural changes, the wholesale price (after slaughtering) was shown to lead them to the long run equilibrium relationship. The AI has exhibited the tendency to occur every year since 2014, which is different from the other animal diseases. Considering the above points, it is considered that occurrence of AI will affect the consumption and prices insignificantly in the future. However, it is considered that measures to stabilize the wholesale price through management and supply and demand control of slaughtering broiler number will be necessary since AI occurrence was affecting the long run equilibrium price from the analyze results.

축산계열화사업 주요 논쟁에 대한 법률적 고찰

김윤두(Yoon Doo Kim),김효미(Hyo Mi Kim),채수호(Sue Ho Chae) 한국농식품정책학회 2019 농업경영정책연구 Vol.46 No.2

Despite positive effects of reduced production cost, improved quality of livestock products, increase in level of safety and hygienics, and decrease in transaction cost etc. of the introduction and expansion of Livestock Systematization Project, it was found accompanying diverse problems. The present paper thus intended to examine diverse issues and arguments on Livestock Systematization Project on the legal standpoint. Above all, the problems, related with the definition of types of Systematization Project, notified by Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs, were reviewed, and the definition thereof was redefined to distinguish the definition of ownership more clearly. Next, the methods of evaluation of livestock growers’ performance, raising livestock under the contract, were enumerated illustratively according to the enforcement rules based on the Act on Livestock Farm Alliance Systems; and the detailed evaluation methods, applied through discussions exploiting a standard form of contract between vertical integrators and farmers raising livestock under the contract, were found desirable. Also, the dispute on contract of security means of transfer was examined, and it was found the prohibition of making contract of security means of transfer by law would not only be illegal but also negatively affects the farmers, raising livestock under the contract who have relatively less financial power. Finally, the amendment of Act on the Prevention of Contagious Animal Diseases and revision of standard form contract were found necessary, for the appropriate sharing of the responsibility of disease prevention between vertical integrator and farmers raising livestock under the contract.

국제비교를 통한 계란산업의 발전방안

김윤두(Yoon-Doo Kim),김동진(Dong-Jin Kim),채수호(Sue-Ho Chae) 한국가금학회 2020 韓國家禽學會誌 Vol.47 No.1

The present study intended to analyze and detect any possible shortcomings in the current egg distribution system in Korea through a questionnaire. The institutional system and cases of operation thereof in advanced countries such as the USA, Japan, and Germany for the development of the egg distribution industry in Korea. The results revealed the following issues: absent pricing system, ineffective egg distribution, and difficulty in balancing supply and demand. Suggestions for addressing these issues and the subsequent improvement were based on cases found in the instated systems of advanced countries, and were given as follows: (i) The existing GP Center needs to be separated from the farms of laying hens, and the current institutional system and its operations need to be improved and should be approved by the government. Parallel to the institutional improvement, establishing a distribution system centered on the GP Center would be desirable. (ii) Egg pricing regulations are needed as a standard to determine the price of eggs. (iii) The reinforcing control standards and securing means for egg preservation are pertinent to each stage of egg distribution and should take into account environmental factors such as egg preservation temperature to guarantee high hygiene standards and egg safety.

국내 주요 수산물 유통단계간 가격 연관성 분석 : 산지-도매단계를 중심으로

김윤두(Kim, Yoon-Doo),김효미(Kim, Hyo-Mi),채수호(Chae, Sue-Ho) 한국산업경제학회 2020 산업경제연구 Vol.33 No.1

본 연구는 현재 수산물 유통경로 중 경쟁력이 약화되고 있는 수산물 도매시장의 경쟁력 확보를 위하여 가락도매시장과 산지위판장 간 가격 연관성 분석을 통해 수산물 도매시장의 문제점을 도출하고 개선을 위한 정책적인 제언을 하고자 하였다. 가격 연관성 분석을 위해 대중성 어종 5개 품목(고등어, 갈치, 오징어, 삼치, 조기)을 선정하였다. 전국 소비지 수산물 도매시장 16개소 중 거래규모와 영향력이 가장 큰 가락도매시장의 수산물 가격과 가락도매시장으로 출하하는 비중이 높은 산지위판장 가격 간의 연관성을 분석하였다. 분석결과 가락도매시장 가격과 산지위판장 가격은 서로 인과관계가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 즉, 산지가격과 도매가격 간의 연관성이 미미한 것으로 나타났다. 이는 기존 선행연구에서 수산물의 유통단계별 가격은 높은 연관성과 장기균형관계를 갖는다는 연구결과와 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 산지위판장에서 형성되는 산지가격이 가락도매시장에서 형성되는 도매가격보다 높았다. 즉, 정상적인 가격형성으로 판단하기에는 무리가 있는 결과가 도출되었다. 이와 같은 분석결과는 물량수집 활동이 허용되지 않는 중도매인의 수집 활동으로 인해 현행 법률에서 위법한 행위인 ‘기록상장’과 ‘형식경매’가 이루어지는 과정에서 발생한 가격 왜곡 등의 문제에서 기인하는 것으로 나타났다. 우리나라 수산물 도매유통 구조와 유사한 일본도매시장의 경우 수산물 유통의 특성을 반영하여 도매시장법인은 산지에서 수산물을 매수로 수집하는 비중이 높으며, 중도매인에게는 경매·입찰방식이 아닌 상대거래(수의거래)를 통해 판매하고 있다. 즉, 도매시장 반입이전 1차 가격이 결정된다는 점을 고려한 거래방법이 적용되고 있다고 판단된다. 따라서, 도매시장 반입 이전 대부분 가격이 형성되는 수산물의 특성을 감안하였을 때 수산물 도매시장의 거래방식을 현재 경매·입찰 중심에서 수의거래 중심으로 전환하는 것이 바람직하며, 도매시장법인의 ‘수탁판매 원칙 예외’ 조건에 대한 완화가 필요하다고 판단된다. 이와 동시에 수산부류 도매시장 거래의 문제점 개선을 위해서는 도매시장의 관리·감독 주체의 적극적 역할 수행과 개선의지 표출이 필요하다. The present study intended to provide readers with suggestions on policies to improve the fishery wholesale market by extracting problems through analysis of the relevance of prices between ‘Garak Wholesale Market’ and ‘port markets’ wherein the competitiveness of distribution channels are attenuated. For the analysis of the association of prices between two markets, five popular species of fish (such as mackerel, hairtail, cuttlefish, Spanish mackerel, and yellow corbina) were selected. Among the 16 fishery wholesale markets of consumers, the relevance, between prices of fishes of ‘Garak Wholesale Market’ of which transaction scale and influence therefrom are dominant, and the prices of fishes in fishery port markets most of which are delivered to ‘Garak Wholesale Market’, was analyzed. The results of analysis revealed the prices of fishes in the ‘Garak Wholesale Market’ and ‘port markets’ appeared independent from each other. That is, the relevance of prices between production area and wholesale market appeared insignificant. The result appeared differently from those of previous studies wherein the relevance of prices of fishes at each stage in the distribution channel appeared with long-term relationships. Besides, the prices of fishes created in port markets appeared higher than wholesale prices created in the ‘Garak Wholesale Market’. Namely, the result, hardly recognizable as a normal creation of prices of fishes, was derived. The result of analysis was estimated that it would be attributable to problems of prices of fishes distorted in the processes of ‘put on the fake market’ and ‘fake auction’, which are illegal misconduct committed by intermediary wholesalers for whom the collection of commodities are not allowed. To solve such problems in creating prices of fishes, it would be favorable that the current mode of transaction of fishes using auction bidding needs to be replaced with the mode of free trade by taking the account of characteristics of creating most of prices of fishes are determined before delivery into wholesale market. In addition, it seems necessary to develop the foundations for stable transaction of fishes by introducing new distributers based on free trade into current distribution channels of fishes.

한-중남미농식품기술협력협의체 사업에 따른 수원국의 경제적 효과 분석

김윤두 ( Yoon-doo Kim ),전지혜 ( Jun Ji-hae ),전중환 ( Jeon Jung Hwan ),김상열 ( Kim Sang Yeol ),강신구 ( Kang Shin Gu ),문두경 ( Moon Doo Gyung ),김천환 ( Kim Chun Hwan ),채수호 ( Chae Sue Ho ) 한국국제농업개발학회 2018 韓國國際農業開發學會誌 Vol.30 No.2

South Korea is the only country that has switched its statue from a recipient of aid to a donor country that offers aid. After joined OECD/DAC in 2009, other countries are growing interest about ODA of Korea. In particular, food & agriculture cooperation initiative which is multilateral ODA of RDA in Korea is differentiated bilateral ODA. Therefore, other countries was growing interset about performance of ‘food & agriculture cooperation initiative’ Accordingly, purpose of this study is to find out the recipient countries economic effects of ‘Water management of rce project’ and ‘Cacao project’ among 3 project that are bring worked on by ‘Korea-Latin America Food & Agriculture Cooperation Initiative(KoLFACI)’ established in 2014. The best result obtained from KoLFACI projects was that project performance was significantly great despite small scale of budget invested. Economic ripple effect of water management of rice project was estimated as approximately USD 20,014,377 for upcoming 9 years in Peru and USD 6,081,463 for upcoming 9 years in Colombia. In Guatemala, economic ripple effect of training activities via cacao project was estimated USD 27,258 for project period(4 years). Also, the effect of fermentation and dry technology about Cacao in Colombia presume result. Estimation result, fermentation and dry technology effect was estimated USD 2,177,152 in Colombia upcoming 9 years. It means that KoLFACI project was technology development and distribution-centered, small scaled project with annual USD 20,000 ~ 30,000 budget, of which economic ripple effect was great in terms of low cost and high efficiency ODA project. We will search for ongoing methods that contribute to the role expansion of Korea and the agricultural development of the recipient country will be needed through the expansion and complementation of a low-cost and high efficiency ODA project such as the KoLFACI project.