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세대단축을 위한 장일처리 시 국내 밀 품종의 출수 및 생육 특성
차진경(Jin-Kyung Cha),이종희(Jong-Hee Lee),이소명(So-Myeong Lee),고종민(Jong-Min Ko),신동진(Dongjin Shin) 한국육종학회 2020 한국육종학회지 Vol.52 No.1
A speed-breeding system using photoperiod characteristics has recently been developed to reduce the entire growth period in wheat. In this study, the entire growth period of four Korean varieties was examined to investigate whether this speed-breeding system would be beneficial for our wheat breeding program. When four varieties were cultivated under a 22-hour light/2-hour dark cycle in a glasshouse, the number of days to heading of Jokyoung and Baekkang was 44 and 43, respectively, and the number for Keumgang and Joongmo2008 was more than 75. Around twelve seeds per plant were obtained from Jokyoung and Baekkang, and the seeds of these varieties completely germinated when harvested at 20 days after heading. These results suggest that this speed-breeding system can be a reliable method of reducing the growth period in Korean wheat breeding.
차진경(Jin-Kyung Cha),박명렬(Myoung-Ryoul Park),신동진(Dongjin Shin),권영호(Youngho Kwon),이소명(So-Myeong Lee),고종민(Jong-Min Ko),김경민(Kyeong-Min Kim),이종희(Jong-Hee Lee) 한국육종학회 2021 한국육종학회지 Vol.53 No.3
Consumer demand for Triticale cultivars as a winter forage crop in Korea has been increasing because of its ability for high andstable yield. However, more than 10 years are required to develop new varieties with conventional breeding programs. A speed breedingsystem using long-day photoperiodic treatment has recently been suggested and applied in wheat and barley, but not in the triticale breedingprogram in Korea. To evaluate the availability of the established speed breeding system for triticale breeding programs in Korea, we usednine domestic triticale cultivars to investigate their growth characteristics under a 22 h photoperiod. The average days to heading (DTH) ofthe nine cultivars was 38 days, and Gwangyoung and Minpung showed the most delayed DTH at 42 days. Therefore, all nine triticale cultivarswere able to shorten the growth duration under the tested photoperiod condition. One productive tiller and more than 10 seeds were obtainedfrom each cultivar. The germination percentage was over 82% when the spikes were harvested 20 days after heading, dried, and chilled fora week to break dormancy. These results suggest that in Korea, the rapid generation advancement system with simple long-day photoperiodictreatment can be applied to triticale breeding programs to reduce the breeding time.
밀의 고분자 글루테닌 조성과 농업 형질이 품질 특성에 미치는 영향
차진경(Jin-Kyung Cha),신동진(Dongjin Shin),박현진(Hyeonjin Park),권영호(Youngho Kwon),이소명(So-Myeong Lee),고종민(Jong-Min Ko),이종희(Jong-Hee Lee) 韓國作物學會 2022 한국작물학회지 Vol.67 No.2
국내외 유전자원을 이용하여 HMW-GS 조성과 농업 특성이 밀가루 품질에 미치는 영향을 평가하였다. 1. 국내 자원의 HMW-GS 조성은 Glu-A1c와 Glu-A1b, Glu-B1b, Glu-D1f가 가장 많았고, Glu-B1i 또는 Glu-B1al을가진 자원은 각 1개로 적었다. 외국 자원은 각 loci 별로Glu-A1a, Glu-B1c, Glu-D1d가 가장 많았고, Glu-B1에서는 Glu-B1i가 두번째로 많았다. 2. 국내자원은 도입자원에 비해 출수일수가 짧고 성숙일수가 길며, 글루텐 인덱스, 믹소그래프 반죽 강도(MPV 및MPW)가 높은 반면, Glu-1 점수와 반죽시간, 반죽 안정성(MTxW)이 낮았다. 3. HMW-GS 조성과 품질 특성 간 관계를 분석한 결과 단백질 함량과 글루텐 함량은 Glu-B1i에서 가장 높았다. 글루텐 인덱스, 침전가, 믹소그래프 반죽시간, 반죽 안정성(MTxW)은 모두 공통적으로 Glu-B1의 Glu-B1i와 Glu-B1al에서 높게 나타났다. 반죽시간과 반죽 안정성(MTxW) 은 Glu-A1a와 Glu-A1b, Glu-D1d에서도 높았다. 4. 농업 형질과 품질 특성의 상관관계를 분석한 결과 단백질함량, 글루텐 인덱스, 침전가, 반죽 강도(MPV 및 MPW) 는 공통적으로 출수일수와는 부의 상관, 성숙일수와는정의 상관을 나타내었다. 이를 통해 국내 자원의 빠른 출수기와 충분한 성숙일수를 유지하면서 도입 자원이 가진 Glu-B1i, Glu-B1al, Glu-D1d 등의 유용한 HMW-GS 조성을 도입하면 고품질 밀 품종을 육성하는 데 도움이 될 것으로 생각된다. Improving flour quality is one of the major targets of wheat breeding programs. This study determined the optimum high-molecular-weight glutenin subunits (HMW-GS) to improve flour quality, and analyzed the correlation between agronomic and quality traits in Korea. A total of 180 wheat varieties, including 55 Korean and 125 foreign cultivars, carrying various Glu-1 alleles, were evaluated for their quality and agronomic traits. Results indicated that Glu-A1b, Glu-B1b, and Glu-D1f were the most prevailing alleles for each Glu-1 locus for Korean wheat cultivars. Korean wheat cultivars recorded shorter days to heading (DTH) and longer days to maturity (DTM) compared to foreign cultivars. In addition, an interaction effect was found between Glu-A1 and Glu-B1 alleles on several quality parameters. The combination of Glu-A1c and Glu-B1i showed a higher protein content, dry gluten content, and higher sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) sedimentation value than other Glu-A1×Glu-B1 combinations. Cultivars carrying Glu-A1a or Glu-A1b, Glu-B1i or Glu-B1al, and Glu-D1d for each Glu-1 locus exhibited a longer mixing time and stronger mixing tolerance. The DTM positively correlated with the protein content, gluten index and SDS sedimentation value. However, a negative correlation was observed between DTH and quality traits. Owing to the above results, this study suggests that an increase in the frequency of Glu-B1i or Glu-B1al, Glu-D1d coupled with a short DTH and long DTM could significantly improve wheat quality properties.
세대단축시스템을 이용한 국내 밀 품종의 등숙기 강우에 의한 품질변이 평가
박현진(Hyeonjin Park),차진경(Jin-Kyung Cha),이소명(So-Myeong Lee),권영호(Youngho Kwon),최지수(Jisu Choi),오기원(Ki-Won Oh),이종희(Jong-Hee Lee) 한국작물학회 2023 한국작물학회지 Vol.68 No.3
밀 등숙기 강우의 영향을 분석하기 위해 백립계인 조경과 적립계인 황금알을 이용하여 출수기 이후 시기별 인공강우처리에 의한 품질을 분석하였다. 그 결과, 종자 단면은출수기 이후 35일부터 분상질화되기 시작하였고, 출수기이후 40일부터 ΔL값과 ΔE* ab 값이 증가하기 시작하였다. 출수기 이후 55일에 조경은 종자 단면 전체가 분상질화 되었지만, 황금알은 초자질 비율이 높게 유지되어 품질변이에 강할 것으로 예상되었다. 주사전자현미경을 이용한 종자 내 전분입자 촬영 결과, 조경은 출수기 이후 40일부터, 황금알은 50일부터 A-, B-granule이 분해되는 것을 관찰할수 있었다. 종자 품질분석 결과, 단백질 함량은 처리시기별 경향성을 나타내지 않았으나, 회분은 출수기 이후 45일처리부터 유의하게 증가하였고 침전가는 출수기 이후 35일부터 감소하였다. 따라서 밀 등숙 전반기에는 강우의 영향을 적게 받지만, 출수기 이후 40~45일부터는 강우에 의한 품질변이에 취약할 것으로 예상된다. 또한 적립계 밀 품종은 백립계에 비하여 수발아에 강한 것으로 알려져 있으며, 본 연구에서도 황금알이 조경에 비해 등숙 후반기 강우에도 품질이 높게 유지되는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 밀 종피색와 품질변이 간 관계에 대한 추가적인 검토가 필요할 것으로 판단된다. Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is an important crop in Korea, with a per capita consumption of 31.6 kg in 2019. In the southern region, wheat is grown after paddy rice, and it is harvested during the rainy season in mid-June. This timing, in combination with high humidity and untimely rainfall, activates the enzyme alpha-amylase, which breaks down starch in the wheat grains. As a result, sprouted grains have lower quality and value for flour. However, seeds that absorb water before sprouting are expected to maintain better quality. The aim of the study was to identify the critical period during wheat maturation when rainfall has the greatest impact on grain quality, to prevent price declines due to quality deterioration. Two wheat cultivars, Jokyoung and Hwanggeumal, were grown in a speed breeding room, and artificial rainfall was applied at different times after heading (30, 35, 40, 45, 50, and 55 days). The proportion of vitreous grains decreased from 40 to 55 days after heading (DAH). Both cultivars had chalky grain sections from 35 DAH, with Hwanggeumal having a higher proportion of vitreous grains. Starch degradation was observed using FE-SEM (Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope) at 40 DAH for Jokyoung and 50 DAH for Hwanggeumal. Color measurements indicated increased L and E values from 40 DAH, with rain treatment at 55 DAH leading to a significant increase in L values for both cultivars. Ash content increased at 45 DAH, whereas SDSS decreased at 35 DAH. Overall, grain quality from 40 DAH until harvest was found to be affected to the greatest extent by direct exposure of the spikes to moisture. Red wheat showed better quality than white wheat. These findings have implications for the cultivation of high-quality wheat and can guide future research efforts in this area.
Waxy 유전자 좌위 분자마커를 이용한 아밀로스 함량별 벼 품종 분류
이소명(So-Myeong Lee),권영호(Young-Ho Kwon),강주원(Ju-Won Kang),이지윤(Ji-Yoon Lee),조수민(Sumin Jo),신동진(Dongjin Shin),차진경(Jin-Kyung Cha),박동수(Dong-Soo Park),조준현(Jun-Hyeon Cho),이종희(Jong-Hee Lee) 한국육종학회 2021 한국육종학회지 Vol.53 No.4
A total of 285 Korean rice cultivars were used for amylose content and genetic analyses using KASP markers related to the amylosecontent. We used three polymorphic KASP markers targeting the Waxy (Wx) gene and compared the genotyping efficiency with previouslyreported molecular markers. The rice cultivars were raised in Miryang, Korea, for one period. Genetic analysis of the rice cultivars revealedthat the three KASP markers on the Wx gene were functional for genomic selection of SNPs related to amylose content variation. Therefore,the three KASP markers targeting different Wx alleles can be used for genomic selection. In addition, KASP markers were more efficientthan previously reported molecular markers that target the same alleles. These findings can be beneficial for the breeding and genomic selectionof high-quality rice in Korea.