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혐기성소화의 산발효과정에 있어서 동역학정수의 온도의존성
차기철(Gi Cheol Cha),정태영(Tae Young Jeong),유익근(Ik Keun Yoo),김동진(Dong Jin Kim) 大韓環境工學會 2007 대한환경공학회지 Vol.29 No.7
용해성 glucose를 기질로 하여 혐기성 산발효조에서 동역학정수에 대한 온도의존성을 검토하였다. 온도범위는 15℃에서 30℃이며, 포화정수(ksυ)와 증식수율(Y)은 온도의 상승에 따라 감소하였지만, 최대비기질소비속도(υmax)는 증가하였다. 기질소비속도와 균체 증식속도의 온도보정인자(Q10) 값은 각각 1.3에서 2.2, 1.5에서 2.2의 범위를 보였다. 최대비기질소비속도(υmax)가 증식수율(Y) 보다 온도의 변화에 대하여 더 민감하였다. 20℃에서 30℃까지의 온도영역에서 체류시간과 기질농도의 관계에 대한 시물레이션 모델은 1/SRT = {(6.53)·(1.038)<sup>T-20</sup>·(S/X)} / {(1.38)·(0.983)<sup>T-20</sup> + (S/X)}이다. Temperature dependence of kinetic constants in the anaerobic acidogenesis was investigated using anaerobic chemostat-type reactor. Glucose was used as a substrate in this experiment. Temperature ranging from 15 to 30℃ were studied. The saturation constant(ksυ) and growth yield(Y) decreased with increasing temperature, while the maximum specific substrate utilization rate(υmax) increased. A temperature correction factor(Q10) values of the substrate utilization rate and bacteria growth rate were the range from 1.3 to 2.2 and 1.5 to 2.2, respectively. The growth yield(Y) for the acidogenesis process was less sensitive to temperature changes than the maximum specific substrate utilization rate(υmax). The simulation model of the relationship between the substrate and sludge retention time(SRT) at the temperature range of 20 to 30℃ is obtained as the following ; 1/SRT = {(6.53)·(1.038)<sup>T-20</sup>·(S/X)} / {(1.38)·(0.983)<sup>T-20</sup> + (S/X)}.
축분액비의 고액분리 및 농축에 있어서 MF/RO 막의 투과특성
차기철 ( Gi Cheol Cha ),황명구 ( Myoung Goo Hwang ),정태영 ( Tae Young Jeong ),정형근 ( Hyung Keun Chung ),이영규 ( Young Kyu Rhee ),태민호 ( Min Ho Tae ),김동진 ( Dong Jin Kim ) 한국물환경학회 2002 한국물환경학회지 Vol.18 No.5
Lab scale MF/RO system was conducted to investigate the characteristics of permeability, liquid-solid separation, and accumulation-elimination of liquid fertilizer which produced from thermophilic aerobic oxidation(TAO) system. As a result of comparison of plate-sheet type with hollow fiber type MF membrane, the permeability of hollow fiber was higher (1.2∼6 times) than plate-sheet type. Tmax was decreased gradually which related to the total solid(TS) concentration in the raw liquid fertilizer. From the pure-flux test, it is observed that most of membrane fouling was recoverable, and the inital filtration resistance of plate-sheet type was lower than hollow fiber. Remarkable accumulation of compositions of liquid fertilizer by RO membrane was investigated, and compositions of fertilizer accumulated about 3-4 times as compared with original solution, Elimination rate of solute substance in the liquid indicated very stable, except the period at final operating due to the concentration poralization, Elimination rate was proportional to the increase of the trans-membrane pressure(TMP) in the RO reactor.
막분리혐기성 소화공정에 있어서 기질분해와 세균군의 분포특성
차기철(Gi Cheol Cha),정형근(Hyung Keun Chung),김동진(Dong Jin Kim),김영철(Young Chul Kim) 한국물환경학회 2000 한국물환경학회지 Vol.16 No.4
Experimental study of anaerobic digestion process combined with and without the submerged separation membrane was investigated by using laboratory-scale reactor at the hydraulic retention time of 0.5 day and 1.0 day. The removal efficiencies of carbohydrate at the digester without and with membrane were 84.4 to 86.8 % and 99.6 to 99.7 %, respectively, and the methane gas recovery efficiencies were 0.4 to 1.2 % and 12.3 to 28.7 %. According to the measurement by the most probable numbers method, the numbers of various groups of bacteria in the digesters with membrane were enumerated in the following ranges ; acidogens 1.7×10^9 to 5.0 × 10^9 MPN/㎖, homoacetogens : 5.0×10^7 to 2.4×10^8 MPN/㎖, H₂-utilizing methanogens : 1.3×10^7 to 9.2×l0^8 MPN/㎖, and acetate-utilizing methanogens : 2.3×10^6 to 2.0×10^8 MPN/㎖. The number of methanogens at the digester with membrane increased by approximately 10² to 10⁴ times in comparison with that of the digester without membrane.
차기철 ( Gi Cheol Cha ),황명구 ( Myoung Goo Hwang ),이명규 ( Myung Gyu Lee ),태민호 ( Min Ho Tae ) 한국물환경학회 2002 한국물환경학회지 Vol.18 No.2
A lab-scale Reverse Osmosis(RO) membrane reactor was installed to investigate the membrane permeability, characteristics of membrane fouling at each conditions, and performance of elimination at different trans-membrane pressure(TMP) in the liquid fertilizer accumulated system. Experimental setup was divided to three different TMP conditions. As a result of experiment, permeability of RO membrane was proportional to the increase of TMP and temperature. After experiment was completed, two types chemical cleaning(remove the organic foulant and inorganic foulant) was done, and recover rate of permeability was each 99.8, 99.7 and 99.7%, respectively. From this experimental data, membrane fouling could be determined that the most of it was recoverable in this system, and major reason of fouling was concentration polarization. Elimination rate of solute substance in the liquid fertilizer indicated very stable(above 99%), except ammonia nitrogen, and the most stable elimination rate was investigated at the highest TMP condition (Run 3).
침지형 중공사막분리 활성오니법을 이용한 식품폐수처리에 있어서 동력학적 특성
차기철(Gi Cheol Cha),정태영(Tae Young Jeong),권택훈(Taek Hoon Kwon),정형근(Hyung Keun Chung),김동진(Dong Jin Kim) 한국물환경학회 2001 한국물환경학회지 Vol.17 No.1
The kinetic of metabolism was investigated by using the submerged hollow fiber membrane separation activated sludge process, with HRT of 8 hours which the food wastewater was fed as a substrate. The kinetic model was studied under the unsteady state and the steady state condition. The concentration of MLVSS was increased by the time course and maintained about 10,000㎎/L after the first 70days. The yield factor(Y) and decay coefficient(K_d) were calculated as 0.7218㎎ VSS/㎎ COD and 0.1666day^(-1) at the unsteady state condition, respectively. At the steady state condition. Y and kd were calculated as 0.00068㎎ VSS/㎎ COD and 0.0002day^(-1), respectively. The resistance values of R_c, R_g, R_f, and R_m were calculated as 25.97×10^7m^(-1), 1.97×10^7m^(-1), 0.29×l0^7m^(-1) and 0.02×10^m^(-1), respectively.
차기철 ( Cha Gi Cheol ),유영욱 ( Yu Yeong Ug ),이명규 ( Lee Myeong Gyu ),김동진 ( Kim Dong Jin ),유익근 ( Yu Ig Geun ),엄태규 ( Eom Tae Gyu ) 한국물환경학회 2003 한국물환경학회지 Vol.19 No.5
The relationship between SMP (soluble microbial products) and membrane fouling in the MBR (submerged hollow-fiber membrane bio-reactor) was investigated. The phenol was used as a substrate. The MBR was performed under condition that SMP concentration is changed from 20㎎/L to 60 ㎎/L. The membrane fouling increased with increasing of SMP concentration. The effect of resistance values on the membrane fouling was the order of R_(c)>R_(g)>R_(f)>R_(m). The increase of viscosity and non-biodegradable matters in the MBR was closely connected with the SMP concentration. The concentration of SMP should be kept less than 40 ㎎/L for stable operating of MBR. The T_(max) (time for maximum) decreased with increasing of SMP concentration. The removal rate of organic matters and total nitrogen in the MBR showed over 98% and 90%, respectively.