단순접번 교합기의 모형부착 방법에 관한 연구

조홍규,Cho, Hong-Kyu 대한치과기공학회 2003 대한치과기공학회지 Vol.25 No.1

The purpose of this study was to show occlusion on the simple hinge articulator optionally mounted. Modelling of upper-lower jaw and simple hinge articulator were developed. This modelling of upper-lower jaw inserting wax bite was mounted imaginary on the modelling of simple hinge articulator by use of the computer simulation. From changes of THA(transverse horizontal axis)-incisor distance, Balkwill angle and THA deviation, eight types were mounted respectively. After removal of wax bite, upper-lower jaw position changing were compared with centric jaw relation. The results were as follows: 1. The change of THA-incisor distance had influence on mostly a vertical shift of upper jaw. 2. The change of Balkwill angle had influence on mostly a horizontal shift of upper jaw. 3. Inferior type in the THA deviations was the least shift of upper jaw. The above results suggest that the simple hinge articulator optionally mounted effect a shift of upper jaw.

비대칭 분석시 3차원영상의 정확성에 관한 정보 두부방사선사진과의 비교연구

조홍규,Cho, Hong-Kyu 대한치과기공학회 2001 대한치과기공학회지 Vol.23 No.1

The purpose of this study was to show the method of three-dimensional morphometry developed recently and to compare the accuracy of three-dimensional morphometry with those of PA cephalometry, The three-dimensional morphometry analysis program and device were developed. Steel balls (1.2mm in diameter) were attached in twenty five landmarks of artificial human skull. This artificial human skull was used as experimental materials. From three-dimensional morphometry and PA cephalometry of artificial human skull. eleven linear measurements were acquired and made into asymmetry index. Right-left differences of measurements were used as asymmetry index. These measurements and asymmetry index were compared respectively with those of actual. The results were as follows: 1. Mean difference between three-dimensional morphometry and actual artificial human skull in linear measurements was $1.99{\pm}0.37mm$, and mean difference between PA cephalometry and actual was $21.12{\pm}0.45mm$. Both of all were reduced more than those of actual. 2. Mean difference between three-dimensional morphometry and actual artificial human skull in asymmetry index was $0.07{\pm}0.42$, and mean difference between PA cephalometry and actual was $3.63{\pm}0.60$. Three-dimensional morphometry was reduced while PA cephalometry was magnified more than that of actual. 3. Each eleven asymmetry index of three-dimensional morphometry was the same negative sign as those of actuals while only N-Z, ANS-J, Tr-Go, Tr-ANS asymmetry index were the same in PA cephalometry. These results suggest that the method of three-dimensional morphometry is more accurate than those of PA cephalometry in asymmetry analysis.

3차원 영상에 의한 안면 비대칭의 분석

조홍규,Cho, Hong-Kyu 대한치과기공학회 2005 대한치과기공학회지 Vol.27 No.1

This study is to show the qualitative analytic methods of facial asymmetry with three-dimensional morphometry and find out asymmetry change resulted from enlarging three local regions. Steel balls (1.2mm in diameter) were attached in twenty seven landmarks of a symmetrical artificial human skull. This artificial human skull was used as experimental materials. Twelve different asymmetrical artificial human skulls were formed by gradually enlarging the mandibular body length, gonial angle, and ramus height of the left hemiface. From the three-dimensional morphometry of each skull type, nine local area measurements and three total sum area measurements(representing the mandibular area, maxillary area, and lower facial area) were acquired and made into the surface area asymmetry degree. Menton deviation itself was used as the surface area asymmetry degree while right-left percentages were used in the other measurements. These surface area asymmetry degrees were compared with each other to find out asymmetry change according to the degree of actual facial asymmetry. Through the statistical analysis, following results were obtained. The results were as follows: 1. Left maxillary area of artificial human skull was 7.13$\pm$0.26% larger while mandibular area was 4.14$\pm$0.12% smaller than each those of right hemiface. After all, left lower facial area was 1.44$\pm$0.07% larger than those of right hemiface.(n=7). 2. Among the reduce rates of surface area asymmetry degree resulted from enlarging three local regions, ramus height was similar to mandibular body length while it was bigger than those of gonial angle. 3. Among the increase rates of menton deviation resulted from enlarging the local regions, ramus height was the biggest, mandibular body length was the second and gonial angle was the smallest. These results suggest that three-dimensional morphometry can be used to qualitatively analyse facial asymmetry and the asymmetry degree is more influenced by enlarging the ramus height, mandibular body length than those of gonial angle.

해외와 국내의 치과기공 교육과정 비교분석

조홍규,Cho, Hong-Kyu 대한치과기공학회 2009 대한치과기공학회지 Vol.31 No.4

The purpose of this study was to furnish data for a new curriculum of the "Bachelor's Degree Course at Junior College" in Korea. Domestic three colleges and one university were selected for comparative analysis about curriculum of the dental laboratory technology. Moreover, three colleges and three universities were selected in Australia, Canada, and USA which are preferred highly on overseas employment by the korea students of dental laboratory technology. From the six colleges and four universities, number of subjects and credit hours on special study were acquired and compared. Between domestics, an agreement on special study were compared. Transferable subjects from korea to foreign were acquired. From the number of subjects and credit hours on special study comparing, following results were obtained. The results were as follows; 1. The ratio of the number of subjects and credit hours on special study were averagely 78.2% and 83.7% in domestic college, 70.8% and 69.7% in domestic university. 2. The ratio of the number of subjects and credit hours on special study in Canada was similar to domestic but those in Australia and USA were less than domestic. 3. Between domestics, an agreement of subjects and credit hours on special study were 81.2% and 84.2% in Catholic University of Busan, 72.2% and 76.4% in Daejeon Health Science College, 71.2% and 72.8% in Gwangju Health College University, 65.1% and 65.9% in Shin Heung College University respectively. 4. Transferable subjects from Korea to Australia or Canada was more than USA. Those to Australia was similar to Canada. These results suggest that the degree of special study in domestic is more than foreign, transferable subjects from Korea to Canada should be profitable and those data is furnish for a new curriculum of the "Bachelor's Degree Course at Junior College" in Korea.

다기준의사결정 방법론을 활용한 건축물의 지속가능성 평가모형 개발에 관한 연구

조홍규(Cho, Hong Gyu),김진동(Kim, Jin Dong),이영도(Lee, Young Do),신윤석(Shin, Yoon seok),김광희(Kim, Gwang Hee) 한국전시산업융합연구원 2015 한국과학예술융합학회 Vol.19 No.-

건축물의 지속가능성은 환경부하 저감, 자연공생, 경제 이익, 삶의 질 등을 동시에 만족하여야만 한다. 하지만 기존 제도는 에너지 효율 환경 성능만을 평가하고 있는 실정이다. 본 연구는 다기준의사결정 방법론을 활용하여 평가모형을 개발·적용하는데 목적이 있다. 1차적으로 선행 연구 자료 검토 및 문헌 연구를 통해 평가항목을 추출하였으며 전문가 면담조사를 실시하여 최종 항목을 선정하였다. 기존의 녹색건축물 및 지속가능 건축물 평가요인과 비교·검토하여 선행연구에서 파악하지 못한 부분을 추가·적용함으로써 보다 신뢰할 수 있는 지속가능성 평가기준을 도출하였다. 본 연구를 통하여 도출된 결과를 정리하면 에너지 부문 평가계층에서는 에너지절약, 신재생에너지, 에너지 소비 순으로 가중치 점수가 나타났다. 환경 부문의 평가계층은 토지이용, 환경오염, 교통 순으로 나타났고, 경제성 부문 평가계층은 에너지 및 자원절감, LCC 순으로 나타났다. 삶의 질 평가계층은 실내 거주환경, 주변 영향 순으로 나타났다. 본 평가모형은 다양한 의사결정자들이 건축물의 지속가능성을 평가하여 최종인 의사결정의 결론을 내리는데 유용하게 활용될 수 있을 것이다. Sustainability of buildings must satisfy reduction of environmental load, natural symbiosis, economic profit and quality of life. However, existing systems focus on energy efficiency and environmental performances only. The purpose of this study is to develop and apply an evaluation model using multi-criteria decision making methodology. As the first step, evaluation items were derived through a review of previous studies and the existing literature, and the final items were selected by conducting interviews with experts. More reliable and sustainable evaluation standards were derived by adding and applying aspects that previous studies did not identify through a comparison and review of existing green buildings and sustainable building evaluation factors. Summarizing the results derived through this study, in terms of weight for the energy sector, energy saving was shown as the highest, followed by renewable energy and energy consumption, in that order. In terms of weight for the environment sector, land use was evaluated as the highest, followed by environmental pollution and traffic, in that order. In terms of weight for the economic growth, energy and resources saving was evaluated the highest, followed by LCC. In terms of weight for quality of life sector, indoor living environment was the highest, followed by neighborhood. This evaluation model can be utilized to make conclusions on final decision making by helping various decision makers to evaluate the sustainability of buildings.

화학공장에서의 컴퓨터응용 ; COMPUTER SIMULATION 을 사용한 공장설계 , 개조 및 운영개선

조홍규 ( Henry Cho ) 한국화학공학회 1988 NICE Vol.6 No.4

Ⅰ급 부정교합자에서 발치와 비발치를 통한 교정치료 전후의 치아와 안모의 변화

조홍규(CHO Hong Kyu),김종철(KIM Jong Chul) 대한체질인류학회 1996 해부·생물인류학 (Anat Biol Anthropol) Vol.9 No.1

간추림 제1급 부정교항 환자에서 발치 또는 비발치로 치료한 환자의 악골과 치아의 변화와 연조직의 변화를 비교하기 위하여 전남대학교 병원 치과 교정과에서 발치 치료를 시행한 여자 환자 22명, 비발치 치료를 한 여자 환자 23명을 대상으로 측모 두부 방사선 사진을 체득하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1 치료 시작시 방치군의 평균 나이는 19.0 세였으며 비발치군의 나이는 15.9 세였으며 평균 치료기간은 발치군 2.8 년, 비방치군 1.7 년이었다. 2 치료 전의 발치 비발치군의 차이는 상하악 중절치의 전망 위치와 순측경사와 하순의 돌출이였으며 치료 후에는 두군 간의 차이가 크게 감소하였다. 3 발치 치료군의 치료 전후의 비교에서 상하악 중절치의 전돌과 순측 경사와 하순의 돌출이 크게 개선되었으며 비방치 치료군의 치료 전후의 비교에서는 상하악 중절치의 후방 이동과 경사도의 개선과 하순의 후방이동은 거의 발생하지 않았다.

$8\times8$ 블록기반의 후처리필터링을 고려한 H.264 블록화 현상 제거부 설계 기법

김성득,조홍규,Kim Sung Deuk,Cho Hong Kyu 대한전자공학회 2005 電子工學會論文誌-SP (Signal processing) Vol.42 No.2

최근에는 H.263, MPEG-4, H.264 등과 같은 동영상 압축에 관한 다양한 국제표준의 등장으로 인해 제한된 자원을 활용해서 여러 가지 표준을 효과적으로 지원할 필요성이 증대되고 있다. 동영상의 화질 개선에 중요한 역할을 담당하는 블록화 현상 제거부의 입장에서 볼 때 전통적인 $8\times8$ 블록기반의 비디오 후처리필터링과는 달리 H.264 압축방식에서의 블록화 현상 제거부는 구조상의 중요한 차이점을 가지고 있다. 이 논문에서는 이러한 차이점을 분석하여 전통적인 $8\times8$ 블록기반의 비디오 후처리필터링을 함께 지원할 수 있는 H.264 블록화 현상 제거부의 설계방안을 제시한다. 제안된 설계방안에서는 필터링의 대상이 되는 블록경계를 적응적으로 선택하게 함으로써 $8\times8$ 블록크기와 $4\times4$ 블록크기에 모두 대처한다. 필터링된 결과를 움직임 보상에 사용할지 여부를 선택할 수 있도록 함으로써 후처리필터링과 루프필터링에 모두 대처한다. 사람의 시각적 특성을 바탕으로 $8\times8$ 블록경계에서 발생되는 블록화 현상을 조사함으로써 전통적인 H.263 양자화 값과 H.264 양자화 값의 상관관계를 분석하여 H.263 양자화 변수값을 H.264 양자화 변수값으로 변환하는 방식을 이용한다. K264 블록화 현상 제거기능을 그대로 유지하면서 약간의 변형을 통해 효과적으로 H263, MPEG-4, H264 등과 같은 다양한 국제표준에 사용될 수 있는 블록화 현상 제거부를 구현할 수 있다. After various video coding standards such as H.263, MPEG-4, and H.264 have been introduced, there has bun strong need to support the multiple standards with limited resources efficiently. In terms of deblocking Inter which plays an important role in improving visual quality, K264 deblocking filter implementation has different aspects as compared with traditional $8\times8$ block-based post-filter implementation. Analyzing the differences, this paper proposes a H.264 deblocking filter implementation method that supports $8\times8$ block-based post-filtering for the traditional video coding systems. In the proposed implementation method the block boundaries to he filtered are adaptively chosen for $8\times8$ and $4\times4$ block boundary filtering. Since the filtered result is selectively used for motion compensation or not, both loop-filtering and post-filtering can be achieved. A quantization parameter conversion unit that converts H.263 quantization parameters to H.264 quantization parameters is utilized by examining the $8\times8$ block boundary errors based on human visual system. Since the original nature of the H.264 deblocking filter is well expanded to the $8\times8$ block-based post-filter with minor modifications, the proposed implementation method is suitable to implement the deblocking function of the multiple video standards such as H.263, MPEG-4, and K264, efficiently.

제주도 남녀 고교생의 치과 인류학적 분석

김종철(KIM Jong Chul),조홍규(CHO Hong Kyu),류석철(YOO Suck Chul) 대한체질인류학회 1996 해부·생물인류학 (Anat Biol Anthropol) Vol.9 No.1

간추림 제주도의 A고풍학교에 재학 중인 남자 60명과 여자 60명의 치과 인류학적 분석을 시행하기 위하여 측모 두부 방사선 사진과 치아의 석고 모형을 채득하여 측모 두부 사진의 평균치를 구하고 치아 크기와 치영궁의 폭경과 길이를 계측하여 다음과 장은 결과를 얻었다. 측모 두부 계측치의 분석 경파 남녀간의 형태의 차이는 없었으나 두부와 안모의 크기는 남자가 더 컸다. NB선과 Pogonion 까지의 거리는 낭자에서 더 컸는데 이것은 낭자의 하악 Symphysis 가 더 발달되어 있다는 것을 의미한다. 석고모형의 분석에서는 남자의 치아 크기가 모두 컸으며 특히 상하악의 견치와 제 l 대구치에서 차이가 뚜렷하였다. 상악의 악궁의 폭경, 견치간 폭경, 기저골 폭경과 하악의 기저골 폭경은 남자가 더 컸으나 악궁의 걸이는 남녀간에 차이가 없거나 여자가 더 컸으나 유의성은 없었다.

한국인의 얼굴옆모습선호도

김종철(Jong Chul Kim),조홍규(Hong Kyu Cho),김왕식(Wang Sik Kim),이계형(Gye Hyeong Lee) 대한체질인류학회 1998 대한체질인류학회지 Vol.11 No.1

본 연구는 한국인의 영굴 옆모습 선호도를 조사하여 부정교합 환자의 교정지료 계획수립시 참고하고자 전 남대학교병원 교정과에 내원한 15 세에서 25 세 사이의 제I급, 제II급과 제III급 부정교항환자 남녀 각각 1 명씩 모 두 6명을 선택하여 컴퓨터 프로그램을 통해 아래턱을 교합면을 따라 전후방 4로 각 4mm 단위로 이동시킨 후 5장의 양성사진을 제작하여 환자, 보호자와 교정의사의 얼굴 옆모습 선호도를 조사한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. l 환자 보호자와 교정의사의 얼굴 옆모습선호도는 큰 차이가 없었다. 2 환자 보호자 교정의사는 남자보다 여자의 Sample 에서 더 돌출된 입술을 선호하였다. 3 교정의사가 환자와 보호자보다 더 돌출된 닥을 선호하였으나 그 유의성은 없었다.