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핵융합 배가스 중 수소 회수를 위한 촉매반응 특성 연구
정우찬,정필갑,김정원,문흥만 한국수소및신에너지학회 2015 한국수소 및 신에너지학회논문집 Vol.26 No.5
In D-T fusion reaction, D2 (duterium) and T2(tritium) are used as fuel gas. The exhaust gas of nuclear fusion includes hydrogen isotopes Q2 (Q means H, D or T), tritiated components (CQ4 and Q2O), CO, CO2, etc. All of hydrogen isotopes should be recovered before released to the atmosphere. This study focused on the recovery of hydrogen isotopes from CQ4 and Q2O. Two kinds of experiments were conducted to investigate the catalytic reaction characteristics of SMR (Steam Methane Reforming) and WGS (Water Gas Shift) reactions using Pt catalyst. First test was performed to convert CH4 into H2 using 6% CH4, 6% CO / Ar feed gas. In the other test, 100% CO gas was used to convert H2O into H2 at various reaction conditions (reaction temperature, S/C ratio, GHSV). As a result of the first test, CH4 and CO conversion were 41.6%, 57.8% respectively at 600°C, S/C ratio 3, GHSV 2000 hr -1 . And CO conversion was 72% at 400°C, S/C ratio 0.95, GHSV 333 hr -1 in the second test.
핵융합 배가스 중 CQ<sub>4</sub>와 Q<sub>2</sub>O 처리공정 제안 및 HAZOP 분석
정우찬 ( Woo-chan Jung ),정필갑 ( Pil-kap Jung ),김정원 ( Joung-won Kim ),문흥만 ( Hung-man Moon ),장민호 ( Min-ho Chang ),윤세훈 ( Sei-hun Yun ),우인성 ( In-sung Woo ) 한국화학공학회 2018 Korean Chemical Engineering Research(HWAHAK KONGHA Vol.56 No.2
본 연구는 핵융합 배가스 중 삼중수소가 포함된 화합물인 메탄(CQ<sub>4</sub>) 및 물(Q<sub>2</sub>O)로부터 수소동위원소를 회수하기 위한 공정에 관한 것이다(Q는 수소, 중수소, 삼중수소). 수증기-메탄 개질반응과 수성가스 전환반응을 이용하여 CQ<sub>4</sub>와 Q<sub>2</sub>O를 Q<sub>2</sub>로 변환시키고, 후속하는 팔라듐 분리막으로 생성된 Q<sub>2</sub>를 회수한다. 본 연구에서는 CQ<sub>4</sub> 및 Q<sub>2</sub>O 중 하나의 물질인 CH<sub>4</sub> 및 H<sub>2</sub>O로부터 수소 회수를 위해 촉매반응기, 팔라듐 분리막, 순환펌프로 구성된 순환루프를 적용하였다. 촉매반응온도 및 순환유량을 변화시켜가며 CH<sub>4</sub> 및 H<sub>2</sub>O의 전환율을 측정하였다. CH<sub>4</sub> 중 수소 회수는 촉매반응온도 650 ℃, 순환유량 2.0 L/min 조건에서 99% 이상의 CH<sub>4</sub> 전환율을 확인하였고, H<sub>2</sub>O 중 수소 회수는 촉매반응온도 375 ℃, 순환유량 1.8 L/min 조건에서 96% 이상의 H<sub>2</sub>O 전환율을 확인하였다. 이와 더불어, 향후 핵융합 실증로(K-DEMO)에서의 CQ<sub>4</sub> 발생량을 예측하고, 이에 대한 처리공정을 제안하였으며, HAZOP (Hazard and Operability) 분석을 실시하여 공정의 위험요소와 운전상의 문제점을 도출하고 해결방안을 제시하였다. This study deals with a process for the recovery of hydrogen isotopes from methane (CQ<sub>4</sub>) and water (Q<sub>2</sub>O) containing tritium in the nuclear fusion exhaust gas (Q is Hydrogen, Deuterium, Tritium). Steam Methane Reforming and Water Gas Shift reactions are used to convert CQ<sub>4</sub> and Q<sub>2</sub>O to Q<sub>2</sub> and the produced Q<sub>2</sub> is recovered by the subsequent Pd membrane. In this study, one circulation loop consisting of catalytic reactor, Pd membrane, and circulation pump was applied to recover H components from CH<sub>4</sub> and H<sub>2</sub>O, one of CQ<sub>4</sub> and Q<sub>2</sub>O. The conversion of CH<sub>4</sub> and H<sub>2</sub>O was measured by varying the catalytic reaction temperature and the circulating flow rate. CH<sub>4</sub> conversion was 99% or more at the catalytic reaction temperature of 650 ℃ and the circulating flow rate of 2.0 L/min. H<sub>2</sub>O conversion was 96% or more at the catalytic reaction temperature of 375 ℃ and the circulating flow rate of 1.8 L/min. In addition, the amount of CQ<sub>4</sub> generated by Korean Demonstration Fusion Power Plant (K-DEMO) in the future was predicted. Then, the treatment process for the CQ<sub>4</sub> was proposed and HAZOP (hazard and operability) analysis was conducted to identify the risk factors and operation problems of the process.