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鄭春會 한국현대영어영문학회 1987 현대영어영문학 Vol.29 No.1
Words express meanings or concepts. The concepts control the use of words through which we can communicate. Until recently, through thousands of philosophical tradition, words have been defined as singly, necessary and jointly sufficient conditions in various fields of studies such as philosophically oriented studies of language, linguistic studies psycholingustics, and psychological studies. In a word, words have been treated as necessity or essentialism. But beginning with Wittgenstein's family resemblance theory("games"), various experiments of psychology proved that categorization is not yes/no problem but yes/no/not-sure problem, and thereafter a lot of studies showed that the classical view of concepts based on philosophy is a misconception or is strictly restricted to a few domains of vocabularies such as jargon vocabularies ("ketch"), kinship vocabularies ("bachelor"), and axiomatized systems ("triangle"). From this viewpoint, word meaning should be treated not as necessity but as possibility. This is the care of prototypical approach to word meaning. I have introduced two types of prototypical approaches in detail. Of course, prototypical approaches have some problems but they can solve seven problems which the classical view can't. The essentials of prototypical approaches are as follows: (ⅰ) Category has central (typical, focal, core) members and peripheral members. (ⅱ) Category has internal structure in which prototype is the starting point around which peripheral members are clustered. (ⅲ) Theory of categorization: in order that 「A is B」 is true, every A shares at least one attribute with B or shares an attribute with some A' which shares an attribute with B. If we apply this prototypical approach to word meaning, we'll find that a word has central and peripheral senses, that peripheral senses are clustered around prototypes (central senses), and that central and peripheral senses are connected by similarities. To know the meaning of a word means to know its prototypes. If knowing the meaning of a word involves knowing its defining conditions (necessary and sufficient), few of us, if any, can be said to know the meaning. Moreover we can't remember all the senses of words because our memory is limited. we store the prototypes of a word in our memory and then give the same name to anything which has at least one attribute in common with the word. This prototypical approach makes us see the charge of word meaning in new ways. Though the change of meaning was focused on the figurative use of words in the past, ours is centered on similarity relations. In so far as any similarity between senses of a word is found, such a we doesn't bring about the change of meaning. Therefore we dare to say that the figurative use of word can't be regarded as the change of meaning because all the figuratives including metonymies and synecdoches use similarities.
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인지문법에서 본 구절동사 : take in을 중심으로 A View from Cognitive Grammar
정춘회 한국현대언어학회 2002 언어연구 Vol.18 No.2
In this paper, the meaning of phrasal verb take in is analysed to show that its meaning can be derived from the combination of take and in through such metaphorical extensions as STATE IS PLACE, OCCUPYING IS GRASPING, MIND IS CONTAINER, etc. and metonymical extensions as WHOLE REFERS TO PART, CONTAINER REFERS TO CONTENTS, etc. with respect to take, and such metaphorical extensions as PENETRATING IS IN, REDUCING IS IN, BEING INVOLVED IS IN, PREVENTING IS IN, etc. with respect to in. This leads to the conclusion that the meaning of phrasal verb can be predicted from its components, verb and particle. (Kongju University)
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정춘회 한국현대언어학회 1995 언어연구 Vol.11 No.1
Owing to cognitive science which tries to open the human mind, cognitive linguistics has made much contribution to the scrutiny of knowledge structure ar conceptual structure in it. Up to the recent times, people have thought that natural categories are different from linguistic categories. But cognitive linguists have shown that linguistic categories also have the same categorial structure as the natural categories. This study of linguistic categories has been chiefly on nouns, verbs, and prepositions. Few have tried to see into the conceptual structure of adjectives. So I will show that adjectives also have the same conceptual structure as nouns, verbs, and prepositions by way of analysis of adjective hot on the basis of prototype theory of categorization.
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정춘회 대한언어학회 2003 언어학 Vol.11 No.1
The purpose of this paper is to present an analysis of the phrasal verb put out in the framework of Cognitive Grammar. Through the analysis I tried to show that the meaning of the phrasal verb put out can be derived from the composition of put and out, and the following metaphors are used between the prototypical meaning and the peripheral meaning: STATE IS PLACE, KNOWLEDGE IS MOVING OBJECT, QUESTION IS MOVING OBJECT, etc. in connection with put, and APPEARING IS OUT, DISAPPEARING IS OUT, COMPLETING IS OUT, DURATION IS OUT, PAYING ATTENTION IS OUT, PRODUCING IS OUT, INCREASING IS OUT, DISTRIBUTION IS OUT, HELPING IS OUT, etc. in connection With out. This leads to the conclusion that the meaning of phrasal verb can be predicted from its components, verb and particle, and it is not idiosyncratic but follows a general pattern of language.
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정춘회(Jung, Choon-Hoi) 한국영어어문교육학회 2009 영어어문교육 Vol.15 No.1
English phrasal verbs which are combination of verbs with particles are often a particular problem for learners of English. The reason for this is that students may not understand the meaning of combination, even though they may be familiar with both the verbs and particles. In this paper, the meaning of phrasal verb go down is analyzed to show that its meaning can be derived from the combination of go and down through such metaphors as UNIMPORTANCE IS DOWN(IMPORTANCE IS UP), LESS IS DOWN(MORE IS UP), FAILURE IS DOWN(SUCCESS IS UP), INACTIVITY IS DOWN(ACTIVITY IS UP). This means the combination of phrasal verbs is not just arbitrary. Therefore we can conclude that the meaning of phrasal verbs can be predicted from their components, verbs and particles ,and we should not necessarily learn the meaning of phrasal verbs by heart.
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