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정기호,허근영,정운익,이주원 한국정원학회 2001 한국전통조경학회지 Vol.19 No.2
This study was carried out to investigate the water-resistant construction of traditional ponds for the preservation, restoration, and conservation of the meaning and function in the existent traditional ponds. The result was as follows. The bottom of traditional ponds was water-resistant and there was a leakage of water. The materials were clay, raw lime(CaO), sand, and gravel. The main materials were clay and raw lime(CaO). There were 2-3 layers for the water-resistant in the bottom of traditional ponds. There were stones or gravels on the layers. The raw lime was used for the stability of the ground. The clay was used for the water-resistant. Higher were a clay content and a silt content in 'Hwangto', lower was the water leakage. In 'Hwangto', the suitable content of clay was 15-20%, and The suitable content of silt was 10-20% for the water-resistant. If the amount of clay was higher, the turbidity was higher and lasted for a long term. After the construction of the water-resistant layers, paving the layers with sand or gravel was thought to preserve the water-resistant layers and to prevent the turbidity.