존 듀이의 형이상학 : 예술의 메타포를 중심으로

정순복 한국미학회 1996 美學 Vol.21 No.-

"‥‥Thought which denies the existential reality of qualitative things is therefore bound to end in self-contradition and in denying itself. ‥‥ Failure to recognize this fact is the source of a large part of the artificial problems and fallacies that infect our theory of knowledge and our metaphysics, theories of existence.‥‥"

미학의 의미와 그 실제 : 한국에서의 미학의 수용과정과 그 발전논리의 문제를 중심으로

정순복 한국미학회 1987 美學 Vol.12 No.-

죤 듀이의 철학에서의 자연과'트랜스액션(transaction)'의 문제

정순복 한국미학회 1995 美學 Vol.20 No.-

존 듀이(J. Dewey)의 프래그마티즘 미학에서 '하나의 경험'(An Experience)의 의미론적 함의

정순복 한국미학회 2004 美學 Vol.37 No.-

John Dewey who has the philosophical paradigm of the post Darwinian biology, the so-called ecolog ical ontological paradigm, has presented that an experience has aesthetic quali ty through his entire pragmatic philosophy characterized, in especial, in the univers es of discourse of Art as Experience(1934). This paper intended to show the seve ral semantic implications of an experience which Dewey argued in detail in th e chp. 3 "The Having of An Experience" of Art as Experience. In this respect Mon roe C. Beardsley of American analytical philosopher indicated such 6 kinds of i mplications of an experience as completeness, internal impetus, continuity, articulat ion (however, not a mere shapeless flow), comulativeness (the buildup of intensit y and significance), and dominant quality as emotion or aesthetic quality in his Aes thetics(1966, pp. 336-337). Of course this Beardsley's interpretation of the semant ic implications of an experience is estimated to be the excellent one in that it re veals the crux of Dewey's conception of "having an experience". This inte rpretation is, however, considered not to be sufficient for us to grasp the ple ntiful implications of an experience presented by John Dewey. For it is surely ab le to be tested by Dewey's arguments about an experience the fact that Dewey i s emphasizing such a more significant implications as the integral consummation, actual situationalty, aesthetic rhythm, organization of vital energies, qualitative unity of transactional process of which Beardsley does not notice the semanti c importance. The semantic implications of an experience presented by Dewey 's pragmatic arguments are thought to be revealed in the following 10 statements. 1. "An experience is the integral completeness of the inchoate experience, having the self-enclosedness or the self-sufficiency." 2. "An experience is the experience enclosing such an actual situationality as the organic creature is capable of recalling the fact that he actually experienced as the meaning." 3. "An experience is the movement having the continuous flow, a unified whole, or the climax, which are instituting the distinctive elements of situation." 4. "An experience has the quality which dominate the whole processes consisting or growing an experience." 5. "An experience has the aesthetic quality, and thus that is the aesthetic experience." 6. "An experience is the praxis of goodness, as being expressed in the implication of the ancient Greek conception of the term of Kalon-agathon." 7. "An experience is the experience which has the controlling the power maturing or leading the organization of vital energies." 8. "An experience is the emotional experience which has the suffering undergoing phase being matured into the integral coordination. 9. "An experience is the unity of the qualified experience, the immediately felt thing, in virtue of the so-called emotion." 10. "An experience the experience which has the meaning as the enduring harmony of the qualitative transactions of the doing and the undergoing which are two significant factors of organic creature's ordinary or normal lives." Admittedly it is considered that Dewey is presenting such 2 meta perspectives with the reference of these 10 semantic implications of an experience in order to argue and correct the misleading basis of aesthetics as the philosophy of art or as th e metaphysics of experience. Such 2 statements, presented by Dewey, as "T he genuing artistic is the aesthetic." and "The doing and the undergoing are reciproc al, cumulative and instrumental among each other." are surely seemed to be a more significant in respect to our understanding of his semantic implications of an experience. Consequently we will be able to sure that our ordinary lives m ust be desirable and qualitatively flourish or fruitful when those lives are filled with a great number of an experience implying Dewey's semantic implications.

일 도시 중학생의 가족기능과 정신건강과의 관계연구

정순복,김수진 대한간호학회정신간호학회 2001 정신간호학회지 Vol.10 No.3

Due to rapid physical growth and psychological change, adolescence have a lot of difficulties for adjustment and mental health problem. The causes of mental diseases depend not only on individuals but also on their surrounding environment such as family, schools, economy and culture. The purpose of this study was to find out the relationship between family function and mental health of middle school students and provide basic data to develop a nursing program for prevention of mental disease and mental health promotion in adolescence. The subjects were 419 students in their first, second and third year of four middle schools located in K City. The period of data collection was from November 6th to 18th, 2000. The instruments in this study were the scale of family function and mental health. The data were analyzed by frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, Pearson Correlation Coefficient, t-test, ANOVA and scheffe's test with SAS program. The results were as follows : 1. General characteristics of the subjects were examined in terms of demographic, school-related and home-related characteristics. In the demographic characteristics, the first grade was 34.4%, the second grade was 33.6%, the third grade was 32.0%, and 61.6% of the subjects had their religion. In the school-related characteristics, 52.5% answered that their school record was 'average.' 76.4% of the subjects were satisfied with their school life and 92.3% kept good company. 45.3% had or have friends of the opposite sex. In home-related characteristics, 85% answered that their economic status was 'average.' and 91.4% said that their parents had normal marital relationship. 84.7% of fathers and 76.9% of mothers had a minimum education of high school and 52.7% had working parents. About home atmosphere, 68.8% answered that they loved happily and 71.1% answered that they communicated well with their father and 90.5% answered that they communicated well with their mother. 2. The total score of subjects' family function ranged 4~72 points with its average of 43.5 points. Emotional function score ranged 0~36 points with its average of 21.4 points. And communication function score ranged 2~38 points with its average of 22.1 points. 3. Mental health index ranged 27~74 points with its average of 47.3 points. Self scale score ranged 6~77 points with its average of 50.2 points. Social support scale score ranged 0~36 points with its average of 20.2 points. Mental pathology scale score ranged 0~111 with its average of 43.1. 4. The correlation between subjects' family function and mental health index showed a significantly positive(r=0.478, p=.000). Emotional function showed a significantly positive correlation with the self scale (r=0.310, p=.000) and social support scale(r=0.434, p=.000); and the communication function with the self scale(r=0.326, p=.000) and social support scale(r=0.369, p=.000). Emotional function and psychopathology scale(r=-254, p=.000); and communication function and psychopathology scale(r=-0.206, p=.000) showed a significantly negative correlation. 5. There were significant differences in the state of mental health on the school year(F=6.48, P=.002), school record (F=14.94, p=.000), satisfaction with school life(F=16.35, p=.000), relationship with friends (F=13.85, p=.000); economic status(F=7.61, p=.001), home atmosphere(F=34.03, p=.000), communication with father(F=19.40, p=.000) and communication with mother(F=24.81, p=.000). The research results showed a very significant correlation between subjects' family function and mental health and it was found that school and home environment influenced on the mental health in adolescence.

죤 듀이의 철학에서의 예술과 '유기체' (Organic Creature)의 문제

정순복 한국미학회 1998 美學 Vol.25 No.-

"....Art is the living and concrete proof that man is capable of restoring consciously, and thus on the plane of meaning, the union of sense, need, impulse and action characteristic of the live creature......The conception of man as the being that uses art became at once the ground of the distinction of man from the rest of nature and of the bond that ties him to nature......"

청소년 학교폭력 가해행동의 인과모형에 관한 연구 -학교적응유연성의 매개 및 조절효과를 중심으로-

정순복,양정남 한국학교사회복지학회 2014 학교사회복지 Vol.- No.28

This study was carried out to raise understanding of youth’s violent behavior at school and to consider interventional methods. The study suggested and verified a structural model based on the model of resilience in order to understand violent behavior at school, and additionally to verify moderated effect of school resilience. The subjects of the study were 3rd grade students from two middle schools selected by intentional sampling method, and the study was carried out with questionnaires and analyzed 421 students resilience to violent behavior. A survey was undertaken targeting all 3rd grade students to raise the representation of sampling. The analyzed results are as follows: Firstly, male students were examined through frequency analysis. it showed that the implications of living together with their father and mother was 75.3%. The research also showed that male students committed violent behavior at school more than female students. In cases where students lived together with their parents it showed resilience in high school. While the group with a good performance record at school showed a higher resilience, there was no difference in their emotional stability and violent behavior at school. As a result of verifying the final revised model, it was possible to accept the revised model to be a reliable method. When the pathway was examined the result showed that there were two pathways as school resilience is related to emotional stability and violent behavior in school resilience. By further verification of moderated effect, it was confirmed that there is moderated effect of school resilience. The result of the study proved that the study model based on resilience model was appropriate. The study also discussed that various programs are needed to raise resilience for youth’s violent behavior in school. 본 연구는 청소년의 학교폭력 가해행동에 대한 이해를 높이고, 가해행동에 대한 개입방안을 고찰해보기 위하여 실시하였다. 본 연구에서는 적응유연성 모델을 바탕으로 한 구조모형을 제시하여 학교 적응유연성의 매개효과와 조절효과를 검증하였다. 연구의 대상은 의도적 표집방법에 의하여 선정된 2개 중학교의 3학년 학생을 대상으로 설문지를 통하여 실시되었으며 최종 421명의 설문조사를 바탕으로 분석되었다. 연구결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 연구모형은 최종 수정모형을 중심으로 분석해본 결과, 최종 수정모형의 적합도는 수용 가능함을 확인하였다. 유의한 경로를 살펴보면 정서적 안정성에서 학교 적응유연성, 학교 적응유연성에서 학교폭력 가해행동으로의 두 경로였다. 학교 적응유연성의 조절효과 검증에서는 학교 적응유연성의 조절효과가 있음이 검증되었다. 이러한 연구의 결과를 토대로 청소년들의 적응유연성을 증진시키기 위한 다양한 학교사회복지적 개입이 이루어져야 함을 제언하였다.

연관주의 미학의 형이상학적 토대와 가치론적 함의 : 20 세기 한국의 예술의식 비판을 위한 토대로서의 존 듀이(John Dewey)의 미학사상을 중심으로

정순복 한국미학회 2000 美學 Vol.29 No.-

This paper intended to reveal the metaphysical basis and the axiological implications of contextual aesthetics centering around John Dewey's aesthetics to establish the metaphysical and axiological foundation so as to criticize the 20th Korean art-idea. As is commonly known, the modern Korean art-idea has been generated from the allogenetic contexts. Because it was assumed to have been formed through the colonial strategies of Japanese imperialism. With imperialistic colonialism Japan transplanted the so-called autonomous art-ideas developed by the idealistic and the formalistic aesthetics of Germany into our modern society which was the Japanese colony during the period from 1910 to 1945. With these allogenetic contexts Our Korean modern art consciousness has firmly rooted in this anticontextual aesthetics without any processes of testifying it. As the result, the doctrine of art for art's sake has dominated our modern society in spite of the increase of the enormous side-effects of art which resulted in the dehumanization or destruction of humanity and the destruction of natural environments. So to obtain the sound and valid art-idea and to valuate it into our contemporary daily lives from the prospect of the contextualistic aesthetics is arising as the fundamental issue to enjoy the qualitatively developed life-form in Our Country in the future. The metaphysical foundation of the free or autonomous art-idea which protects the liberty of art unlimitedly with all its side effects is sure to be the concept of 'disinterestedness'. Of course this concept being equal to the absolute exclusion of the epistemological desire and sensational desire about art plays the function as the ontological and axiological core of the expression theory of art and the formalism of art. Therefore the doctrine of art for art's sake centered this concept of disinterestedness has dominated the 20th Korean society, and then it has disvauled the utility of art with the enduring enforcement of the purity or autonomy of art since the colonial period by Japanese imperialism. Furthermore even the period of liberation of Our Society from Japan this doctrine has not been testified to the full and the worst it has played a dominant role in art practices and appreciations to the present. To valuate art into our ordinary lives we could notice the works of L. N. Tolstoi who was a great master writer as well as the most excellent aesthetician. Because his art theory implying the sound or primordial idea of contextual aesthetics is proved to be revealing the enormous valuable suggestions to valuate art into our ordinary lives. The communicability and the infectiousness of human feeling experienced by our ordinary lives must be the core of his art theory and these two concepts must be matured in the primordial contextual aesthetics. His art theory is also assumed to be mixed with the art theory of mimesis, the doctrine of art for art' sake and the idea of socialist realism, then it is accepted to generate the so-called 'art-in-common life' concept which must have been estimated as the most important implication of the systematic contextual aesthetics in contemporary aesthetic inquiries. After all, Tolstoi's art idea being involved in the western orthodoxy art idea of art mimesis theory was testified to be the warning of the holy critical intelligence which had thoroughly emphasized the doctrine of the completion of humanity through art and of the embodiment of great human spirituality with art. The metaphysical foundations of contextual aesthetics were thought to be formated by the processes of the settlement of the concept of 'mimesis' which had been developed to enjoy of the desirable ordinary lives since the archaeological ages in Greece with the reflection of the concept of 'physis'. John Dewey's aesthetics is revealing the critical acception of these foundations centered techne and the evolutionary maturation of Tolstoi's art idea, so his aesthetics rooted in the several important metaphysical concepts which play a fundamental roles in the newly contextual paradigm of contemporary aesthetics is suggesting to us the important metaphysical foundations on which the significant event in ordinary lives as the series of the meaningful process of the attainment of the meaning could be art which expressed the work of art in his own usage of aesthetic languages. Dewey' aesthetics could easily estimated or testified to be the efficatious one which can concretely indicate the logical defects or invalidness and the axiological inefficiencies of the traditional art-consciousness centered in the so-called concept of disinterestedness. Five important and basic metaphysical concepts of John Dewey's aesthetics are assumed to be such concepts as the qualitativeness, the transaction, the situationality, the organic vitality and the co-existenciality or perspectivalness of being which are placing in the equalization of art and in the center of his whole philosophical inquries into the objects of postmodern metaphysics. After all, Dewey's contextual aesthetics rooted in these five metaphysical foundations is ascertained to be possessing the most excellent paradigm of contemporary critical intelligence being capable of showing to us the panorama of the great organic vital energies as art through which human being as organic creature and nature comes to be unioned by the process of the pursuit of the natures of human being and his surroundings. His contextual aesthetics that is restoring the meaningful ordinariness of organic lives as the crucial object of contemporary philosophical inquiries and is placing art as the core of this ordinariness is with ease cognized as the one implying the tremendous efficacious implications of postmodern axiology. Such axiological implications of contextual aesthetics as the democratization of art, the socialization of art and the industrialization of art must be the significant axiological virtues which could provide our society with the significant perspectives of art idea orientating to the actualization of art into our ordinary lives. Consequently, our contemporary ordinary lives orientating to the full enjoyments of the aesthetic ecstasies through the realization of the ethereal as the union of human being and the world in the art should come into full bloom not on the superficial cognitions of noncontextual autonomous aesthetics, but on the concrete practice field of this contextual aesthetics placing the meaningful ordinary event as the valuable art.

존 듀이의 『경험과 자연』에서의 예술의 존재론적 정위(Orientation)

정순복 한국미학회 1997 美學 Vol.22 No.-

"......Art is the complete culmination of nature, ......art is solvent union of the generic, recurrent, ordered, established phase of nature with its phase that is incomplete, going on, and hence still uncertain, contingent, novel, particular; or......a union of necessity and freedom, a harmony of the many and one, a reconciliation of sensuous and ideal......"

존 듀이의 논리학에서 탐구(inquiry)와 예술의 문제

정순복 한국미학회 2002 美學 Vol.33 No.-

This paper intended to reveal the equality of art and inquiry in John Dewey's philosophy and, in especial, in his logic as the theory of inquiry. When Dewey was well-nigh eighty, he called for a fundamental reconstruction of logical theory, a reconstruction to be made in the light of what becomes evident when those successful methods are analyzed. Dewey gives us the following tentative definition of inquiry: "Inquiry is the controlled or directed transformation of an indeterminate situation into one that is so determinate in its constituent distinctions and relations as to convert the elements of the original situation into a unified whole."(Logic: the Theory of Inquiry, 1938, p.104) This definition that Dewey has given us of inquiry presupposes that we understand and appreciate the notions for experience, situation, and pervasive quality which were noted in this paper as the semantic implications of his unique connotation of art Dewey's this concept of inquiry, which is construed of six phases that are the indeterminate situation as the antecedent conditions of inquiry, the institution of a problem, the determination of a problem-solution, the reasoning, the operational character of facts-meanings, and the common sense and the scientific inquiry, is studied on this paper to be by implication united with his genuine concept of art. Of course Dewey's art idea implied in his entire philosophical inquiries, in especial in his later philosophy, is summarized to be the vitality-fulfillment of an organic creature which is always transacted with its environments. The solution of the problematic situation through inquiry must be thus identified with the attainment of the aesthetic rhythm as an experience or art which is defined, by Dewey, as the possession of aesthetic meaning implying the completion of nature and organic creature. And so, through his destruction-paradigm of the traditional dichotomy he noted to us the fact that inquiry is art because inquiry is the directed or controlled transformation of an indeterminate situation into a determinately unified one as the aesthetic union of an organic creature and the environments. And this existential transition by inquiry achieved by means of operations of two kinds, the one dealing with ideational or conceptual subject-matter and the other being made up of activities involving the techniques and organs of observations, which are in functional correspondence with each other is examined by him to be capable of being identified with the existential transition by art converting the ordinary experience into the extraordinary or aesthetic experience. Looking back over Dewey's these investigations into the essence of inquiry, he tells us that he tried the experiment of transferring the old well-known figures from the stage of ontology to the stage of inquiry, and that as a consequence of this transfer the scene as it presented itself to him was not only more coherent but definitely more instructive and humanly dramatic. In so far as the existence of inquiry is not a matter of doubt because in every area of organic creature's lives men examine and investigate, the existence of art is also not a matter of doubt. Admittedly in so far as the function of logic as the theory of inquiry as a mode of conduct being accessible to objective study is to discern the methods and patterns of inquiry so as to provide us with a guide for better and more successful inquiries, the implications of Dewey's logic focused upon the regulativeness and the normativeness are ascertained to direct the equality of inquiry and art. Because human beings as organic creatures do not discover the form of logic when they reflect upon inquiry but so as to attain a series of alive or vital energies in the course of inquiry standards and norms evolved, tested, refined, and serving to guide further inquiry. Consequently Dewey's statements of the primary nature of inquiry implied in his entire inquiry theories could be identified in this paper as being directly, although in implicit forms, connected with the ontological and epistemological theories of art as the aesthetic experience ceaselessly insisted upon through his entire philosophies by him Therefore his nature theory, experience theory, and the theory of inquiry are known to us to be rooted in his theory of art and furthermore to be oriented into the completion of his art theory. In order us to possess the aesthetic field evoking vital aliveness with the establishment of our genuine dimension of ordinary lives resulting from the deliberate inquiry into the curing of the omnipotence of science and the material worship, Dewey's theory of inquiry must be ascertained to be located as the ultimately valuable critical intelligence in our postmodern society.