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신선미(Seon-Mee SHIN),정경아(Kyungah Jung),구정화(Jeong-hwa Koo) 한국여성정책연구원(구 한국여성개발원) 2008 한국여성정책연구원 연구보고서 Vol.2008 No.8
The purpose of this study is to gather basic data required for career education and development of employment assistance services for women students. The survey covers such issues as women students' desired jobs, their understanding of the labor market, employment preparations, and so on. Survey subjects are 3,000 junior college students and 3,000 university students. The result of the survey is compared to those of other statistical surveys dealing with the employment conditions of young university graduates. Macro statistical data materials used for comparative study include “2006 Graduates Occupational Mobility Survey (KEIS),” “2007 Economically Active Population Survey (KNSO),” “2007 Occupational Employment Statistics (KEIS),” etc. Most significant differences between female students and male students are as follows: First, more female students like administrative jobs and professional jobs, and there is less variety in their desired jobs. Accordingly, there is fierce competition among female students over jobs that they prefer (teacher, social welfare worker, dietician, government administrative officer, trade clerk and financial employee). Second, whereas male students at junior colleges and universities prefer male-dominated occupations, female university students also showed a strong tendency to enter male-dominated occupations rather than female-dominated occupations. Third, as we compared the desired salaries of male and female students who want the same profession, we found that female students' desired salaries deviate less from the actual salaries. Fourth, although over half of new female (junior college and university) graduates are employed in private businesses (including medium and small companies and foreign corporations), female students show a great preference for public sector organizations (government organizations, state enterprises, public corporations and government-funded organizations) that employ just around 10% of new female college or university graduates. Fifth, 62.5% of female junior college students and 64.9% of female university students think that acquiring advanced academic degrees is helpful in getting jobs, and these are higher percentages compared to male students. Finally, women students consider working conditions that include elimination of sexual discrimination in employment and promotion, maternity protection and childcare support much more important compared to male students.
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공무원의 양성평등행동의도 및 행동에 영향을 미치는 요인
김금미(Keummi Kim),정해숙(Haesook Chung),정경아(Kyungah Jung) 한국여성정책연구원(구 한국여성개발원) 2007 여성연구 Vol.72 No.-
본 연구는 계획된 행동이론(theory of planned behavior; Ajzen, 1988)에 근거를 두고, 5급 이상의 고위직 공무원을 포함한 전체 공무원을 대상으로 표집하여 양성평등 의도 및 행동에 영향을 미치는 요인과 그 실태를 알아보고자 하였다. 즉, 양성평등행동 및 양성평등행동의도에 영향을 미치는 선행 변인들, 즉 태도, 주관적 규범, 및 지각된 행동통제의 변인의 영향을 알아보고, 부가적으로 당위성을 포함하여 양성평등행동의도 및 행동에 영향을 미치리라 예상되는 요인들의 영향도 확인하였다. 1,518명(남자 787명, 여자 731명)의 공무원을 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하여 연구한 결과 양성평등행동에 가장 높은 관련성을 보인 변인은 양성평등태도였고, 이어서 양성평등행동에 대한 당위, 양성평등행동의도 등의 순서였다. 양성평등행동의도에 가장 관련성이 높은 변인은 양성평등행동에 대한 당위, 양성평등 태도 등의 순서였다. 이러한 연구의 결과는 현재 공무원들의 양성평등의식 및 태도를 향상시키기 위한 방안을 마련하는데 의의가 있다. 본 연구의 중요한 결과들을 계획된 행동이론과 사회정체성이론에 관련하여 논의하면서 성 편견을 감소시키기 위한 방안도 제안하였다. For the purpose of investigation of gender equality intention and action among officials, the present study was intended based on the theory of planned behavior. It was conducted to (1) examine the effect of attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavior control in explaining gender equality intention as well as gender equality behavior, (2) investigate the role of ought in the prediction of gender equality behavior and intention. A nationwide sample of 1,518 Korean officials (male 787, female 731) participated in the survey. The results indicated that the gender equality behavior was most related to gender equality attitude, next, friend-discrimination instigation, equality difficulty at work, equality difficulty at home, ought of gender equality. The gender equality behavior intention was most related to ought of gender equality, next gender equality attitude. There are difference of gender equality behavior in gender equality education. Along with the decrease of age, gender equality behavior and intention increased. This results of this study have implications in investigation of suggestion for gender equality intention and action improvement. The important results of the present study were discussed in connection with theory of planned behavior and social identity theory. Also, the ways to the extend of prejudice decrease were suggested.
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