도시광장 설계요소 및 공간이용 만족도 분석 - 광화문광장과 금빛공원광장을 중심으로 -

최윤의,전진형,이정아,Choi, Yun Eui,Chon, Jinhyung,Lee, Jung A 한국조경학회 2014 韓國造景學會誌 Vol.42 No.6

도시광장은 지역사회 모임이나 시장, 공연, 정치집회 및 기타 이벤트 등 다양한 활동이 행해지는 곳으로, 도시 내에서 다양한 유형으로 나타난다. 그럼에도 불구하고 대부분의 도시광장은 광장 유형별로 다르게 나타나는 방문객의 이용행태 및 이용만족에 대한 고려가 미비한 채 획일적으로 계획되어왔다. 본 연구에서는 서울에 위치한 일반광장 중 중심대광장을 대표하는 광화문광장과 근린광장을 대표하는 금빛공원광장을 중심으로 방문객 만족도에 영향을 미치는 설계요인과 세부 요소를 분석하여 도시광장 유형별 설계 시 중점적으로 고려해야 하는 방안을 제안하였다. 각 광장에서 수집한 설문조사 결과는 요인분석, 회귀분석, 퍼지이론 등을 이용하여 분석하였다. 연구결과를 요약하면, 첫째, 도시광장 설계요소 만족요인은 어메니티, 이용성, 공간특성, 문화성, 쾌적성요인으로 구분되었다. 둘째, 광화문광장의 공간이용 만족도에 영향을 미치는 요인은 어메니티요인, 쾌적성요인, 공간특성요인 순으로 나타났으며, 금빛공원광장의 공간이용 만족도에 영향을 미치는 요인 쾌적성요인, 어메니티요인, 이용성요인, 공간특성요인 순으로 나타났다. 셋째, 도시광장의 설계요소에 대한 만족요인별 만족순위를 퍼지이론을 통해 비교한 결과, 광화문광장은 어메니티요인 중 광장의 청결도에 대한 만족도가 가장 높게 나타났다. 금빛공원광장은 쾌적성요인 중 광장의 수목에 대한 만족도가 가장 높게 나타났다. 이와 같이 본 연구에서는 중심대광장과 근린광장의 이용객 만족도에 영향을 미치는 설계요소를 비교하였다. 연구의 결과는 이용객 만족을 고려한 도시광장 설계 및 계획에 기초자료로 사용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. The city square is an important public open space for people. Being used for various activities, such as community gatherings, open markets, concerts, political rallies, and other events, many types of city squares are represented in a city. Nevertheless, most city squares are planned uniformly, lacking consideration for visitor behavior and use satisfaction. The study investigated the design factors and subcomponents influencing user satisfaction with different types of city squares. This study focused on the general city square in Seoul, including the grand public place (i.e. Gwanghwamun Square) and the neighborhood park (i.e. Geumbit Square). The data were analyzed using factor analysis, linear regression and fuzzy theory. The results of the study are as follows: first, five design factors of satisfaction with city squares are identified (Amenity, Usability, Spatial components, Culture, and Comfortableness). Second, Amenity, Comfortableness, and spatial components significantly affect user satisfaction with Gwanghwamun in that order. On the other hand, in Geumbit Square, Comfortableness, Amenity, Usability and Spatial components affect user satisfaction in a significant way, in that order. Third, cleanliness, a subcomponent of amenity, was ranked highest using the fuzzy theory function for satisfaction with Gwanghwamun Square. Otherwise, the prevalence of plants was ranked the highest on the Geumbit Square survey. The study compared design factors influencing satisfaction in the public grand place and the neighborhood park. The results have implications for designing and planning city squares to the satisfaction of their visitors.

꿀벌의 사회생태시스템 분석을 통한 도시 양봉 활성화 녹지 계획 전략 제시

최호준,김민,전진형,Choi, Hojun,Kim, Min,Chon, Jinhyung 한국조경학회 2024 韓國造景學會誌 Vol.52 No.1

Pollinators are organisms that carry out the pollination process of plants and include Hymenoptera, Lepidoptera, Diptera, and Coleoptera. Among them, bees not only pollinate plants but also improve urban green spaces damaged by land use changes, providing a habitat and food for birds and insects. Today, however, the number of pollinating plants is decreasing due to issues such as early flowering due to climate change, fragmentation of green spaces due to urbanization, and pesticide use, which in turn leads to a decline in bee populations. The decline of bee populations directly translates into problems, such as reduced biodiversity in cities and decreased food production. Urban beekeeping has been proposed as a strategy to address the decline of bee populations. However, there is a problem asurban beekeeping strategies are proposed without considering the complex structure of the socio-ecological system consisting of bees foraging and pollination activities and are therefore unsustainable. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the socio-ecological system of honeybees, which are pollinators, structurally using system thinking and propose a green space planning strategy to revitalize urban beekeeping. For this study, previous studies that centered on the social and ecological system of bees in cities were collected and reviewed to establish the system area and derive the main variables for creating a causal loop diagram. Second, the ecological structure of bees' foraging and pollination activities and the structure of bees' ecological system in the city were analyzed, as was the social-ecological system structure of urban beekeeping by creating an individual causal loop diagram. Finally, the socio-ecological system structure of honey bees was analyzed from a holistic perspective through the creation of an integrated causal loop diagram. Citizen participation programs, local government investment, and the creation of urban parks and green spaces in idle spaces were suggestedas green space planning strategies to revitalize urban beekeeping. The results of this study differ from previous studies in that the ecological structure of bees and the social structure of urban beekeeping were analyzed from a holistic perspective using systems thinking to propose strategies, policy recommendations, and implications for introducing sustainable urban beekeeping.

시스템 다이내믹스를 활용한 생태복원 설계 전략 - 2015 밀양시 자연마당 조성사업을 사례로 -

함은경,송기환,전진형,조동길,Ham, Eun-Kyung,Song, Ki-Hwan,Chon, Jinhyung,Cho, Dong-Gil 한국조경학회 2015 韓國造景學會誌 Vol.43 No.6

'자연마당 조성사업'은 도시 내 생태휴식공간이자 생활문화공간 창출을 위해 추진되는 환경부의 사업이다. 경상남도 밀양시 내일동 아북산 일대는 훼손된 상태로 오랜 기간 방치되면서 생태복원이 필요한 장소로 인식되어 올해 자연마당 조성사업의 대상지가 되었다. 본 연구의 목적은 시스템 다이내믹스를 활용하여 아북산 일대의 생태복원을 위한 설계전략을 도출하는 것이다. 사업대상지의 핵심 복원 공간으로써 국궁장, 구덩이, 경작지 부지는 각각의 문제점을 안고 있다. 본 연구에서는 이러한 문제점 해결을 위해 인과지도를 작성하여 현황을 파악하고 핵심 전략을 도출하였으며 전략을 토대로 설계안을 마련하였다. 첫째, 국궁장 부지의 경우 토양 산성화와 녹지축 단절의 문제 해결을 위한 전략으로 녹비식물과 후글컬쳐 방식을 도출하여 실제 설계안에 도입하였고, 둘째, 구덩이 부지의 경우 구덩이 하단부에 우수가 집수되어 습윤성 식생이 출현한 점에서 인공 습지 조성 가능성을 타진하고 생태 문화적 이점을 파악하여 인공 습지 조성의 설계안을 마련하였다. 셋째, 두 곳으로 분리되는 경작지 부지는 토양 산성화와 토양 침식, 녹지축 단절의 문제 해결을 위해 토양 개량 작업 후 한 곳은 자생종을 식재하여 산림을 복원하는 전략 도출을 통해 녹지축을 연결하는 설계안을 완성하였고 다른 한 곳은 초지로 복원하되 일부 공간에 건습지를 조성하는 설계안을 세웠다. 본 연구는 생태복원 설계 시 생태계 시스템의 피드백 루프 내에서 문제점을 파악하여 전략을 도출한 것으로써 일반적인 설계 과정에 없던 시스템 사고의 방식을 시도했다는 것에 의의가 있다. "The Jayeon Madang Development Project("JMDP")" is a project being promoted by the Ministry of Environment to create a cultural space and a natural rest area within the city. Abuksan, located at Abuksan in Gyeongsangnam-do Miryang-si Naeil-dong, has suffered a substantial amount of environmental degradation over time, so the need for ecological restoration made it a natural choice for the location of the JMDP's site. The purpose of this study is to examine ecological restoration design strategies used in Abuksan as part of the JMDP using system dynamics. The national archery center, hole, and arable land sites are key restoration areas in Abuksan that have faced with ecological problems. In this study, we identified the status of each site, determined key strategies being implemented, and designed based on the strategies implemented up to this point for solving problems associated with each sites through the use of causal loop diagrams. The results of the causal loop diagram analysis are as follows. The national archery center site was designed around strategies including planting green manure crops and introducing hugelkultur to reduce soil acidification and green network degradation. The hole site was designed as a constructed wetland based on the emergence of hygropreference vegetation, hydrated by rainwater collected at the bottom of hole, ecological and cultural benefits of such an environment. The arable land site restoration design was built around planting native vegetation on one part of the arable land site after soil quality improved and around restoration of grassland and a dry wetland on the other part of the site to reduce soil acidification, erosion, and green network degradation. This study is a significant attempt to apply principles of system dynamics to ecological restoration by providing the design strategies using comprehension of some problems in the ecosystem feedback loops, which has not been used before in general design processes for ecological restoration.

4대강 보 개방이 자연성 회복에 미치는 영향에 대한 시뮬레이션 모델링

최남희 ( Choi Namhee ),전진형 ( Chon Jinhyung ),송기환 ( Song Kihwan ) 한국시스템다이내믹스학회 2021 한국시스템다이내믹스 연구 Vol.22 No.3

This study examined the results through simulations of the effects of weir opening using system dynamics modeling, and explored policy countermeasures that address social, economic and environmental issues and realize the value of nature-based water quality management based on them. Research results have shown that weir opening has a positive effect on recovery of nature by reducing river stay time and increasing flow rate. However, since water quality is affected by weather conditions such as rainfall and pollutants flowing into tributary streams as well as weir opening, it has been revealed that failure to think about the side effects could offset the positive effects of weir opening. In conclusion, simulations have shown both positive and negative effects due to weir opening. Therefore, more rigorous and structural researches and responses through sophisticated policy approaches are needed to restoration of naturalness by the weir opening.

생태관광지 사회생태시스템 분석과 관광자원 관리 체계 전환 계획

최윤의 ( Choi Yun Eui ),전진형 ( Chon Jinhyung ) 한국시스템다이내믹스학회 2020 한국시스템다이내믹스 연구 Vol.21 No.1

Efforts to promote ecotourism at major ecotourism sites in Korea remain at the macroeconomic policy stage, such as maximizing the value of ecosystem services or expanding protected areas, without considering the degradation of the biological habitat environment due to increased visitor pressure and tourism infrastructure. In addition, the development of underdeveloped areas and infrastructure for the vitalization of the local economy is given priority, and ecotourism is stagnant due to the conflict between natural environment conservation and social environment development. Therefore, a research is needed to understand the current situation of ecotourism and to suggest solutions. In this study, literature review on ecotourism impacts and social-ecological systems were carried out, and the Nakdong Estuary ecotourism system was analyzed. In addition, this paper suggests a transformation plan of tourism resources. This study has the scalability that can be applied to check the current system and suggest improvement methods in various ecotourism sites.

지역주민 태도에 의한 수변공간 개발 형태 분석 - 여주시를 중심으로 -

유수진,석영선,최윤의,전진형,You, Soo-Jin,Seok, Young-Sun,Choi, Yun Eui,Chon, Jinhyung 한국조경학회 2013 韓國造景學會誌 Vol.41 No.6

최근 몇 년간 수변공간 개발에 대한 관심이 증가하면서 지속가능한 지역균형 발전을 목표로 하는 지역개발 정책 및 사업이 증가하였다. 이러한 과정에서 생활환경 변화에 대한 지역문제가 발생하게 되었고, 지역주민태도를 반영한 개발계획의 중요성이 부각되었다. 본 연구에서는 새로 조성된 수변공간에 대하여 허용 가능한 개발형태 분석 및 향후 개발목표를 설정하기 위해, 사회교환이론을 바탕으로 지역주민 태도를 고려하여 LAC 시스템의 첫 번째 단계에 대한 분석을 실시하였다. 이를 위해 여주시 지역주민 240명을 대상으로 수변공간 개발에 대한 주민태도, 허용 가능한 수변공간 개발형태, 주민특성을 설문하였다. 설문한 데이터에 대한 기술통계분석, 요인분석을 실시한 뒤, 수변공간 개발에 대한 주민태도에 따른 허용 가능한 개발 형태를 알아보기 위해 다중회귀분석을 실시하였다. 다음으로 거주특성과 수변공간 개발에 대한 주민태도와의 차이를 알아보기 위해 기술통계분석, 요인분석, T-test, 일원분산분석(one-way ANOVA)를 실시하였다. 그 결과, 여주시 지역주민들이 허용하는 수변공간 개발 형태는 자연교육중심 개발 형태라는 것을 확인할 수 있었으며, 거주지역에 따라 수변공간 개발에 대한 형태에 차이가 나타나는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 본 연구의 결과를 통해 수변공간의 개발 및 관리 목적을 설정하고, LAC 후속단계인 휴양자원 등급화의 적용범위에 대한 기준을 마련할 수 있었다. The importance for local development, which residents' attitudes have reflected, is well known. Therefore, in order to formulate an approach for sustainable development, a study on sustainable waterfront development has become necessary. This study performed the first step analysis of Limits of Acceptable Change(LAC) System that considers the local residential attitude to make the analysis and standard for acceptable development type in the waterfront. This study used the characteristics of the residents, the social exchange theory, and the LAC System. This was done because it is useful to ensure that basic data can be used for the establishment of management objectives. Yeoju-Si was selected as the site for the investigation. A total of 240 surveys were obtained. Analyses were conducted to 1) determine the relationships between the residents' attitudes toward the waterfront development type and the acceptable development type and 2) to examine relationships between the residents' characteristics and the residents' attitudes toward the waterfront development. The results of this study are as follows: The development pertaining to the parameter 'nature education' arguably has the potential to generate substantial revenues for Yeoju-Si and could link the local development and conservation. This study concludes that the area of residence were closely correlated with the residents' attitudes.

시스템 사고를 활용한 낙동강 지역의 생태계서비스 분석 및 회복력 향상 계획: 합천창녕보 지역을 중심으로

송기환 ( Song Kihwan ),전진형 ( Chon Jinhyung ),최남희 ( Choi Namhee ) 한국시스템다이내믹스학회 2021 한국시스템다이내믹스 연구 Vol.22 No.2

The purpose of this paper is to analyze the feedback structure of the ecosystem services changed after the development of the Four Major Rivers using systems thinking in the Nakdong river area and to suggest resilience improvement plans. First, this study classify ecosystem services in the Nakdong river area by provisioning, regulating, cultural, and supporting ervice categories and derived related variables for each category. Second, this study analyze the changes in ecosystem services and the relationship between each ecosystem service in the process of the development of the Four Major Rivers through causal loop diagrams. Third, this study suggest plans to improve resilience to provide ecosystem services continuously based on the principles of ecosystem service resilience. The results of this study can provide background information for policies to adequately solve the various problems and issues in river development in national units. These findings also provide a basis for the development and restoration of rivers that can improve the resilience of ecosystem services at the national level.

저영향개발 기법의 효율적인 적용을 위한 전문가 인식 유형에 관한 연구

이현지,이정아,유수진,전진형,Lee, HyunJi,Lee, Junga,You, Soojin,Chon, Jinhyung 한국조경학회 2016 韓國造景學會誌 Vol.44 No.3

전 세계적으로 도시내 물관리 정책 적용에 대한 관심이 증가하고 있다. 국내에서는 대상지의 자연적인 물순환 기능을 유지할 수 있는 저영향개발에 대한 관심이 증가하고 있으며, 이를 정책적으로 활용하려는 움직임을 보이고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 Q 방법론을 활용하여 저영향개발 기법의 이용 현황과 정책적 접근 방법, 개선사항 등에 대한 전문가적 견해의 인식 유형을 분석하고자 한다. 표본을 추출을 위한 전문가 심층 인터뷰는 31명의 LID와 관련된 공무원, 실무자, 연구원, 교수를 통해 이루어졌으며, 모든 응답자는 28개의 Q-sort 진술문에 응답하였다. 수집된 응답 결과는 QUANL 프로그램을 이용하여 분석하였다. 연구 결과, 도출된 유형은 해당 진술문의 성격에 따라 다음과 같이 4개로 구분되었다: 정책시행 중시형, 전문가 이해 중시형, 매뉴얼 중시형, 그리고 실효성 중시형. 본 연구에서는 유형별 특성 분석을 바탕으로 국내에 적합한 저영향개발 기법의 적용을 위한 정책적 발전 방향을 논의하였으며, 저영향개발 기법의 적용 확대 및 효율성 증대에 기여할 수 있을 것으로 기대한다. 그러나 본 연구의 방법론 특성상 정량적인 연구결과 해석 시 연구자의 관점이 개입된다는 점이 한계로 지적될 수 있으므로, 향후 정책 의사결정에 있어 유형별 타당성을 검증하기 위한 상호 보완적인 연구가 필요할 것이다. LID(Low-Impact Development) has received a great deal of attention in the field of urban water management. The spread of LID technologies as a natural drainage system has led to a rise in consideration of the applicability of policy in Korea. In this respect, the purpose of this study is to analyze experts' perception about utilization, applicability of policy, and improvements of LID by using Q-methodology. The sample included 31 experts who were government employees, landscape architects, researchers, and professors related to LID. All participants completed a 28-statement Q-sort task. Data was analyzed by using QUANL computer software. As a result of this study, four distinct experts' perceptions about LID are identified: Policy Enforcement Oriented Type, Expert Understanding Oriented Type, Manual Oriented Type, and Effectiveness Oriented Type. This study suggested appropriate directions related to LID technologies, and it is helpful to apply the domestic type's LID and increase the efficiency of LID in Korea. However, this study has a limit in which the viewpoint of the researcher intervenes: a complementary searcher is needed to verify the validity by type in policy decision-making.

시스템 사고를 통한 생태계서비스의 trade-off 관계 고찰

함은경 ( Eun Kyung Ham ),김민 ( Min Kim ),전진형 ( Jinhyung Chon ) 한국시스템다이내믹스학회 2015 한국시스템다이내믹스 연구 Vol.16 No.2

The purpose of this study is to analyze causation of Ecosystem service’s trade-off(ES trade-off) and to establish baseline data for wise spatial planning and management. In order to understand why and how ES trade-off occurs, systems thinking and causal loops were employed. The causal loop of ecosystem service creation cycle includes profits quantification process, decision making process, spatial planning and management process, and ecosystem services creation process. The profits quantification process has a limitation that all ecosystem service categories were not included in profits quantification, because quantification method for cultural services is insufficient. These problems led to unequal discussion opportunity in decision making process. ES trade-off occurs through transition of ecosystem function in spatial scale and temporal scale. In spatial scale, land-use variation and resource-use variation contribute to change an ecosystem function for different ES category by spatial planning and management. In temporal scale, a change of an ecosystem function for different ES category is influenced by ecological succession, seasonal change and land cover variation, which are parameter from environmental features. This study presented that spatial planning and management should ecosystem service assessment in order to enhance balanced ecosystem services.

고가도로 하부 유휴공간 개선을 위한 범죄예방 환경설계 적용 기법

유수진 ( You Soojin ),이지은 ( Lee Ji Eun ),전진형 ( Chon Jinhyung ) 한국시스템다이내믹스학회 2017 한국시스템다이내믹스 연구 Vol.18 No.3

The purpose of this study is to identify the specific causes of problems in the derelict space underneath overpasses and to create improvement strategies based on systems thinking from a long-term CPTED perspective. The research questions are as follows: 1) Which feedback relation does the structure between crime occurrence frequency and crime anxiety in derelict spaces underneath overpasses? 2) Which CPTED strategies can control the strategic points of derelict spaces underneath overpasses? Results of the study are as follows. First, “community cohesion in the life zone” was selected as strategic points. Second, to control the strategic points, “plant design”and “lighting design” were suggested for “Natural surveillance”. These CPTED strategies increase opportunities for “natural surveillance”and may prevent a public space. This study is a significant step towards understanding the causes of derelict spaces from a systems perspective. The results of this study indicate basic design guidelines for modifying the long-term use of derelict spaces underneath overpasses into more desirable public spaces.