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임한권 한국청정기술학회 2014 청정기술 Vol.20 No.4
The effect of two important parameters of a catalytic membrane reactor (CMR), hydrogen selectivity and hydrogenpermeance, coupled with an Ar sweep flow and an operating pressure on the performance of a water gas shift reaction in a CMRhas been extensively studied using a one-dimensional reactor model and reaction kinetics. As an alternative pre-combustion CO2capture method, the feasibility of capturing a pressurized and concentrated CO2 in a retentate (a shell side of a CMR) andseparating a purified H2 in a permeate (a tube side of a CMR) simultaneously in a CMR was examined and a guideline for ahydrogen permeance, a hydrogen selectivity, an Ar sweep flow rate, and an operating pressure to achieve a simultaneous captureof a concentrate CO2 in a retentate and production of a purified H2 in a permeate is presented. For example, with an operatingpressure of 8 atm and Ar sweep gas for rate of 6.7 × 10-4 mols-1, a concentrated CO2 in a retentate (~90%) and a purified H2 in apermeate (~100%) was simultaneously obtained in a CMR fitted with a membrane with hydrogen permeance of 1 × 10-8 molm-2s-1Pa-1 and a hydrogen selectivity of 10000.
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임한권 한국화학공학회 2015 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.32 No.8
Simulated results are presented using a reaction rate equation and a one-dimensional reactor model for a water gas shift reaction (WGSR) in a membrane reactor (MR) with a feed stream obtained from coal gasifiers. CO conversion in a MR at 423-573 K was higher than equilibrium conversion at the same temperature. The effect of two important parameters of a membrane, hydrogen selectivity and hydrogen permeance, on MR performance was studied and hydrogen selectivity was favorable for enhanced CO conversion, reduced CO concentration, and enhanced fuel-cell grade hydrogen. Hydrogen permeance was also favorable for CO conversion enhancement in a MR due to an increased driving force between the shell side (retentate) and the tube side (permeate) of a membrane. The criteria of a hydrogen permeance of higher than 8×10−8 mol m−2s−1Pa−1 and a hydrogen selectivity of 100 were suggested to produce a fuel-cell grade hydrogen (CO concentration less than 50 ppm) in the permeate and a concentrated CO2 (more than 90%) in the retentate simultaneously in a MR.
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임한권 ( Han Kwon Lim ) 한국공업화학회 2014 공업화학 Vol.25 No.2
연구는 1차원 반응기 모델을 이용한 수치 시뮬레이션을 통해 수소투과량, 수소선택도, 사용된 촉매의 양, 급송흐름에서의 H2O/CO 조성비 및 Ar sweep gas가 막반응기(membrane reactor)에서의 수성가스전이반응의 성능에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 막반응기에서 평형상태보다 향상된 수소수율을 얻기 위해선 적어도 100 이상의 수소선택도를 가져야 함이 관찰되었으며, 수소투과량이 계속 증가될 경우에는 수소수율의 증가폭이 점차 감소됨이 보였다. 낮은 수소투과량의 경우에는 촉매량이 증가할수록 초기엔 증가된 CO 전환율을 보이다가 점차 그 증가폭이 감소되었으며, 높은 수소투과량의 경우에는 촉매의 양과 무관하게 높은 CO 전환율이 관찰되었다. 급송흐름에서의 H2O/CO 조성비가 1.5 이상인 경우엔 수소투과량이 막반응기에서의 CO 전환율에 미치는 영향이 미미하였고, 막반응기에서 평형상태보다 향상된 CO 전환율을 얻기 위해선 적어도 6.7.10(-6) mol s-1 의 Ar 몰유속이 필요함이 밝혀졌다. This study investigated the effect of hydrogen permeance and selectivity, catalyst amount, H2O/CO ratio in a feed stream, and Ar sweep gas on the performance of a water gas shift reaction in a membrane reactor. It was observed that a minimum hydrogen selectivity of 100 was needed in a membrane reactor to obtain a hydrogen yield higher than the one at equilibrium and the hydrogen yield enhancement gradually decreased as the hydrogen permeance increased. The CO conversion in a mem-brane reactor initially increased with the catalyst amount and reached a plateau later for a membrane reactor with a low hydro-gen permeance while the high CO conversion independent of a catalyst amount was observed for a membrane reactor with a high hydrogen permeance. For the H2O/CO ratio in a feed stream higher than 1.5, a hydrogen permeance had little effect on the CO conversion in a membrane reactor and it was found that a minimum Ar molar flow rate of 6.7.10(-6)mol s-1 was needed to achieve the CO conversion higher than the one at equilibrium in a membrane reactor.
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청정수소생산을 위한 에탄올 수증기개질반응 및 막반응기에서의 응용
임한권(Hankwon Lim) 한국청정기술학회 2013 청정기술 Vol.19 No.4
본 총설에서는 최근 청정수소생산방법으로 큰 관심을 받고 있는 에탄올 수증기개질반응(ethanol steam reforming reaction)에 대해 소개하고자 한다. 다양한 촉매, 반응온도, 에탄올과 물의 몰비에 따른 에탄올 수증기개질반응의 반응특성 및 반응속도식(reaction rate equation)을 검토해 보고자 한다. 또한, 반응기와 분리기를 동시에 장착한 새로운 개념의 막반응기(membrane reactor)를 소개하며, 막반응기의 사용이 일반적인 충전층반응기(packed-bed reactor)에 비해 에탄올 전환율과 수소 수율에 어떠한 영향을 주는지에 대하여 고찰해 보고자 한다. Ethanol steam reforming reaction considered as a clean hydrogen production method is introduced in this paper. Reactivity and reaction rate equation of ethanol steam reforming reaction using various catalysts, reaction temperature, and molar ratio of ethanol and water will be discussed. In addition to introducing a membrane reactor combining a reactor and a separator, the effect of the use of a membrane reactor on an ethanol conversion and hydrogen yield will be compared to those from a conventional packed-bed reactor.
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300 m3 h-1급 수소 생산을 위한 글리세롤 수증기 개질반응의 기술⋅경제성 분석
허주헌,임한권 한국공업화학회 2018 공업화학 Vol.29 No.2
본 논문에서는 300 m3 h-1급 수소 생산을 위한 글리세롤 수증기 개질반응에 대해 기술⋅경제성 평가를 수행하였다. 상업용 공정 설계 프로그램인 Aspen HYSYSⓇ를 이용하여 글리세롤 수증기 개질반응에 대한 공정을 설계하였으며, 반응온도에 따른 수소 생산량의 차이를 비교⋅분석하였다. 또한, 항목별 경제성 평가, 민감도 분석, 현금흐름도를 통하여경제성 평가를 진행하였으며, 300 m3 h-1급 글리세롤 수증기 개질반응에서의 수소 생산 단가는 5.10 $ kgH2 -1로 계산되었다. 수소 생산 단가에 영향을 끼치는 주요 인자를 파악하기 위해 민감도 분석을 실시하였으며, 수소 판매 단가에 따른현금흐름도 분석을 통해 순현재가치, 할인회수기간, 현재가치율과 같은 다양한 경제성 인자를 파악하였다.
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Comparative studies for the performance of a natural gas steam reforming in a membrane reactor
이보름,임한권 한국가스학회 2016 한국가스학회지 Vol.20 No.6
For a natural gas steam reforming, comparative studies of the performance in a conventional packed-bed reactor and a membrane reactor, a new conceptual reactor consisting of a reactor with series of hydrogen separation membranes, have been performed. Based on experimental kinetics reported by Xu and Froment, a process simulation model was developed with Aspen HYSYSⓇ, a commercial process simulator, and effects of various operating conditions like temperature, H2 permeance, and Ar sweep gas flow rate on the performance in a membrane reactor were investigated in terms of reactant conversion and H2 yield enhancement showing improved H2 yield and methane conversion in a membrane reactor. In addition, a preliminary cost estimation focusing on natural gas consumption to supply heat required for the system was carried out and feasibility of possible cost savings in a membrane reactor was assessed with a cost saving of 10.94% in a membrane reactor.
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