강원도 오십천 수계에서 발생하는 적갈색침전물의 중금속 오염, 광물조성 및 분광학적 특성

임정화 ( Jeong Hwa Lim ),유재형 ( Jaehyung Yu ),배성지 ( Sungji Bae ),고상모 ( Sang-mo Koh ),박계순 ( Gyesoon Park ) 한국광물학회 2018 광물과 암석 (J.Miner.Soc.Korea) Vol.31 No.2

본 연구는 강원도 도계광업소 수계에 발생한 적갈색침전물을 대상으로 침전환경을 파악하고, 중금속함량, 광물조성 및 그에 따른 분광학적 특성을 분석하였다. 적갈색침전물의 pH 범위는 7.59-7.94로 침전환경은 중성에 해당한다. X선형광분석 결과 철이 평균농도보다 높게 검출되었으며, 니켈, 구리 및 아연의 오염도가 높은 것으로 판명된다. X선회절분석 결과 돌로마이트, 방해석, 침철석, 자철석, 고령토, 엽납석, 석영 및 알루미늄 이소프로폭사이드의 광물이 확인되었다. 중금속 오염에 따른 분광학적 특성을 분석한 결과, 중금속함량이 증가함에 따라 가시광선 영역에서는 반사도가 증가하는 추세를, 적외선 영역에서는 반사도가 감소하는 추세를 보인다. 적갈색침전물의 분광특성은 침철석, 자철석, 고령토, 엽납석 및 알루미늄 이소프로폭사이드에 의해 발현되는 것으로 판단된다. This study analyzed precipitation environment, heavy metal concentration, mineral composition, and spectral characteristics associated with heavy metal concentration and mineral composition for the reddish brown precipitates occurred in the drainage of Dogye mining station. The pH of the reddish brown precipitates ranges from 7.59 to 7.94 resulting neutral. XRF analysis reveals that the precipitates has high Fe concentration, and contaminated with Ni, Cu, and Zn. Dolomite, calcite, goethite, magnetite, kaolinite, pyrophyllite, quartz and aluminum isopropoxide were identified based on XRD analysis. As a result of spectral analysis associated with heavy metal contamination, visible reflectance increases and infrared reflectance decreases with a increase in heavy metal concentration. The spectral characteristics of the reddish brown precipitates is turned out to be manifested by goethite, magnetite, kaolinite, pyrophyllite and aluminum isopropoxide.

강원도 오십천 수계 내 백화현상의 광물조성 및 중금속 오염특성

임정화(Jeong Hwa Lim),유재형(Jaehyung Yu),신지혜(Ji Hye Shin),이길재(Gilljae Lee),이다영(Dayeong Lee) 한국암석학회 2017 한국암석학회 학술발표회 논문집 Vol.2017 No.5

초등학생 어머니의 양육스트레스, 대처방식 및 한방진단시스템과의 연관성 연구

임정화 ( Jung Hwa Lim ),이인선 ( In Sun Lee ),정인철 ( In Chul Jung ),황보민 ( Bo Min Hwang ),정민정 ( Min Jeong Jeong ) 대한한방신경정신과학회 2010 동의신경정신과학회지 Vol.21 No.4

Objectives: This study was to investigate the associations of Parent Stress Index(PSI), Way of Coping Checklist(WCC), and Diagnostic System of Oriental Medicine(DSOM) in mothers of elementary school children. Methods: In the study, K-PSI-SF, WCC, and DSOM were carried out on 202 mothers of ○○elementary school children during June, 2010. Cross tabulation analysis was used to verify the association of PSI, WCC and DSOM. Results: 1. The most common pathogenic factor was Dampness(濕) in total subjects. 2. The score of problem-focused coping methods showed significant difference in PSI grades. 3. The zp and sc10 of Qi deficiency(氣虛), Blood deficiency(血虛), Qi-Stagnation(氣滯), Insufficiency of Yang(陽虛), Heat(熱), Dampness(濕), Dryness(燥), Liver(肝), Heart(心), and Kidney(腎) showed significant difference in PSI grades. 4. The score of total PSI and PSI subscale had negative correlations with problem-focused coping methods. 5. The score of total PSI had positive correlations with Qi-Stagnation(氣滯), Dampness(濕), Dryness(燥), Heart(心), and Kidney(腎) in total subjects. Conclusions: This study provides insights on associations of parenting stress coping methods and diagnostic system in Oriental Medicine. Furthermore, the study shows positive correlations among Qi-Stagnation(氣滯), Dampness(濕), Dryness(燥), Heart(心), Kidney(腎) and PSI, and negative correlations between PSI and Problem-focused coping methods, all with statistical significance.

미인폭포 수계에서 발생하는 백색침전물의 중금속 오염 및 분광학적 특성

임정화 ( Jeong Hwa Lim ),유재형 ( Jaehyung Yu ),신지혜 ( Ji Hye Shin ),정용식 ( Yong Sik Jeong ),고상모 ( Sang-mo Koh ),박계순 ( Gyesoon Park ) 한국광물학회 2017 광물과 암석 (J.Miner.Soc.Korea) Vol.30 No.1

본 연구는 백화현상이 극명하게 발생한 미인폭포 내 백색침전물을 대상으로 X선형광분석법, X선회절분석법 및 휴대용 분광계를 이용하여 광물조성을 확인하고, 분광특성을 고찰하였다. 그 결과 모든 시료에서 알루미늄이 평균농도보다 높게 검출되었고, 대부분의 시료에서 카드뮴과 니켈의 오염도가 높았다. X선회절분석 결과 모든 시료에서 석영, 고령토, 롬보클레이스, 알루미노코큠바이트, 깁사이트의 광물이 검출되었고 중금속은 점토광물에 흡착하여 존재한다고 판단된다. 백색침전물의 분광학적 특성은 가시광선 대역에서 반사도가 증가하는 추세를 보이나, 근적외선, 단파적외선으로 파장이 길어짐에 따라 반사도가 서서히 감소한다. 백색침전물의 흡광특성을 바탕으로 볼 때 분광학적 특성은 고령토, 롬보클레이스, 알루미노코큠바이트, 깁사이트에 의해 발생하는 것으로 판단된다. 퇴적물 내중금속 종류 및 함량에 따른 영역별 흡광깊이 변이양상을 분석한 결과, Al-OH의 흡광특성인 2202 nm에서 알루미늄함량과 흡광깊이 사이에 높은 양의 상관관계가 성립하는 것이 확인되었다. 이는 분광학적 특성 중 흡광깊이가 중금속 함량의 유추에 유용할 수 있음을 지시한다. This study investigated mineralogy, spectral characteristics and heavy metal contamination including Cd, Ni, Al, Fe, Mn and S for white precipitation in Miin falls based on XRF, XRD, and spectrometer. As a result, Al concentration was abnormally high at all samples, and most of the samples showed high contamination level in Cd and Ni. XRD results detected quartz, kaolinite, rhomboclase, aluminocoquimbite, and gibbsite which infers that heavy metal elements are distributed by adsorption with clay minerals. Spectral characteristics of white precipitation can be described by increasing pattern of reflectance in visible spectrum and decreasing pattern of reflectance in longer wave length including near infrared and shortwave infrared spectrum. The absorption features reveals that spectral characteristics of white precipitation is mainly controlled by kaolinite, rhomboclase, aluminocoquimbite, and gibbsite. The relationship between heavy metal concentration and absorption depth showed high positive correlation for Al concentration and absorption feature at 2202 nm of Al-OH absorption. This spectral characteristics indicates that absorption depth could be effectively used for estimation of heavy metal concentration.

양방치료를 받고 있는 신경계질환아동에서 한방치료 및 기타 병행치료 이용실태에 관한 조사

정민정,임정화,황보민,김기봉,윤영주,Jeong, Min-Jeong,Lim, Jung-Hwa,HwangBo, Min,Kim, Ki-Bong,Yun, Young-Ju 대한한방소아과학회 2012 대한한방소아과학회지 Vol.26 No.2

Objectives The purpose of this study is to investigate prevalence and the frequency of using Korean medicine, Complementary Alternative Medicine (CAM), and other parallel treatments in children and young adolescence with neurological diseases. Methods From April to July 2011, parents of the children and adolescents patients suffering from neurological disease completed questionnaires. Results 578 parents answered the questionnaires. 310 cases (53.5%) were using Parallel Treatments. Types of the Parallel Treatments being used are as follows. Rehabilitation 166 cases (27.4%), Speech Therapy 169 cases (27.9%), Education (Art, Music, Play) 109 cases (18.0%), Health supplement 72 cases (11.9%), Counselling, Cognitive & Behavioral Therapy 45 cases (7.4%), Herbal Medicine 24 cases (4.0%), Acupuncture, Moxibustion 13 cases (2.1%), Neurofeedback Therapy 1 case (0.2%), Etc 7 cases (1.2%). 257 cases (44.5%) have used Parallel Treatment before. Parallel Treatments being used in the past are as follows. Herbal Medicine 146 cases (35.4%), Acupuncture, Moxibustion 64 cases (15.5%), Education (Art, Music, Play) 54 cases (13.1%), Rehabilitation 47 cases (11.4%), Speech Therapy 46 cases (11.1%), Health supplement 30 cases (7.3%), Counselling? Cognitive & Behavioral Therapy 15 cases (3.6%), Neurofeedback Therapy 4 case (1.0%), Chuna, Manual Massage 2 case (0.5%), Etc 5 cases (1.2%). Conclusions Although patients were on both western medicine and Korean medicine, CAM, and other parallel treatment, the ratio of Korean medicine treatment was not as high as expected. Further studies are required to develop the model of integrative medicine.

심계 허약아 진단을 위한 절단값의 산정 ; K-CBCL 총문제행동점수를 기준으로

정민정,임정화,황보민,윤영주,김기봉,Jeong, Min-Jeong,Lim, Jung-Hwa,Hwang, Bo-Min,Yun, Young-Ju,Kim, Ki-Bong 대한한방소아과학회 2010 대한한방소아과학회지 Vol.24 No.3

Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate the correlations between the Weak Children Questionnaire result and K-CBCL score. Also, this study was designed to define the cut off values of Heart Weak Scores by using 'K-CBCL' which represents the total behavior problems scores 50T in order to detect Heart Weak in Children Methods: 271 elementary school students in Daejeon answered the questionnaire and the data was analyzed. Results: There were high correlations between Heart Weak Score and K-CBCL which in a total behavior problems scores. The cut off values of Heart Weak Score, K-CBCL, a total behavior problems scores 50T, were calculated by ROC curve analysis. To diagnose as a Heart Weak Children, the correspondent cut off values for Heart Weak Score were 11 in boys and 8 in girls. Conclusions: To diagnose as a Heart Weak in Children, the correspondent cut off values for Heart Weak Score were 11 in boys and 8 in girls.

알레르기 비염환자에 대한 이침 치료 증례보고

황보민,정민정,임정화,양기영,서형식,HwangBo, Min,Jeong, Min-Jeong,Lim, Jung-Hwa,Yang, Gi-Young,Seo, Hyung-Sik 대한한방안이비인후피부과학회 2010 한방안이비인후피부과학회지 Vol.23 No.3

Objective : The purpose of this study was investigated the effect of auricular Acupuncture treatment in Allergic rhinitis patients. Methods : This study was carried out on the 16 allergic rhinitis patients who had been treated at Cheongdogun public health center for The Good-Breath program. The Good-Breath program included auricular acupuncture was performed 2 times a week during 4 weeks. Auricular acupuncture points used were M101(肺), M13(副腎), M16(內鼻), M22(內分泌), M33(額), M55(神門). Patients nasal symptoms and QOL were assessed before and after 4 weeks treatment by the Severity Scoring Systems of Rhinitis(SSSR) and Quality of Life Questionnaire for Korean Rhinitisian(QLQKR). Results : 1. Total Severity Scoring Systems of Rhinitis(SSSR) Scores were significantly improved. but Each items was no significant difference. 2. Among items of QLQKR, Itching worry about western medicine worry about change of environment Role limitation-physical were significantly improved. and Total Quality of Life Questionnaire for Korean Rhinitisian(QLQKR) Scores were significantly improved.

꿈에 관한 문헌 연구

강민정 ( Min Jeong Kang ),이승환 ( Seung Hwan Lee ),임정화 ( Jung Hwa Lim ),성우용 ( Woo Yong Seong ) 대한한방신경정신과학회 2011 동의신경정신과학회지 Vol.22 No.4

This study explores perspectives, reasons, functions of dreams in order to develop a treatment model. Methods: We searched CNKI, KISS, NDSL. Papers published since 2002, which are classified in categories. Results: 1. The Recognitions about the dream of Oriental Medicine is based on 『Hwangjenaegyeong-Eumsabalmong(黃帝內經·淫邪發夢)』. 2. By each era, There are a variety of etiological causes, stages. 3. Dreams are generated by the internal stimuli-Physiological activities of the Jangbu(臟腑), Deficiencies of yin and yang(陰陽), Pathological changes in the Jangbu(臟腑), Pathology products-, external stimuli-Yukeum(六淫), Eumsiksang(飮食傷)-, and unusual feelings. 4. Spirit(神) comes from brain(腦), not heart(心). So what we call brain-spirit(腦神) is right. Dreams are the mental activity related to the brain. 5. Dreams are the reflection of the pathological changes of the human body. And it shows the development, changes and prognosis of disease. Dreams sometimes illustrate the incidence of the disease. Conclusions: We organized perspectives, Causes and Functions of dreams mentioned in Oriental Medicine Literatures. Health is closely related to the dream. Therefore, we propose that the dream is worth for the diagnosis and treatment in oriental medicine.

산후 우울증 치료에 대한 중의학의 최근 임상연구 동향

김문정 ( Moon Jeong Kim ),이종남 ( Jong Nam Lee ),홍진만 ( Jin Man Hong ),임정화 ( Jung Hwa Lim ),성우용 ( Woo Yong Seong ) 대한한방신경정신과학회 2014 동의신경정신과학회지 Vol.25 No.2

Objectives: This study was performed to review the research trends regarding the treatment of Postpartum Depression (P.P.D) in the Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). Methods: We searched articles in CNKI (China National Knowledge Infrastructure) from 2004 to 2013. Search key words were 「산后抑郁症」, 「Postpartum Depression」, and we selected 27 studies except for non-clinical studies, insufficient number of studies, unrelated studies and tests on animals. Results: We selected 27 articles with following results: 1) One study of Jadad Quality Assessment Scale score showed 3 points, 4 studies showed 2 points and 22 studies showed less than 1 point. Overall, the quality of the studies was low. 2) DSM - IV was frequently used as a diagnostic criteria and HAMD was mostly used as evaluation criteria. Diagnostic criteria and evaluation criteria were the same in HAMD and EPDS. 3) In TCM, there are various ways, such as herbal medicine, acupuncture, electro acupuncture, auricular acupuncture and/or massage to treat the postpartum depression. 4) The roots of Bupleurum falcatum Linne, Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch, Angelica gigas Nakai and Paeonia lactiflora Pall, the rhizome of Atractylodis macrocephala Koidz, the semen of Zizyphus jujuba Mill, the radix of Curcuma aromatica Salisb, the sclerotium of Poria cocos Wolf and the rhizomas of Cyperus rotundus L and of Cnidium officinale Makino are mainly used in the herbal medicine. BaekHoi (GV20) and Yindang (Ex-HN3) are mainly used in acupuncture points. 5) Most of the studies showed effective results. Some of the results were similar to those of the control groups which were cured by western medicine. Other results were better than those of control groups. Conclusions: Research on postpartum depression has been actively conducted in TCM and all studies showed effective results in the study group patients. Therefore, with this study, we hope to activate more clinical research on the treatment of patients in Korean traditional medicine.

알레르기 비염환자의 이침(耳鍼) 치료 임상보고(臨床報告)

황보민,정민정,임정화,설재욱,양기영,서형식,HwangBo, Min,Jeong, Min-Jeong,Lim, Jung-Hwa,Sul, Jae-Uk,Yang, Gi-Young,Seo, Hyung-Sik 대한한방안이비인후피부과학회 2011 한방안이비인후피부과학회지 Vol.24 No.1

Objective : The efficacy of auricular acupuncture for the treatment of allergic rhinitis has been reported. Methods : Twelve rhinitis patients patients were enrolled in this study. Every patient received auricular acupuncture 2 times a week during 4 weeks. Auricular acupuncture points used were M101(肺), M13(副腎), M16(內鼻), M22(內分泌), M33(額), M55(神門). Patients nasal symptoms and QOL were assessed before and after 4 weeks treatment by total nasal symptom score(TNSS), total non nasal symptom score(TNNSS) and Rhinoconjuctivitis quality of life questionnaires(RQLQ). Results : 1. Among items of TNSS, nasal congestion-sneezing were significantly improved. and Total TNSS Scores were significantly improved.(p<0.05) 2. TNNSS were no significant difference. 3. Among items of RQLQ, nasal&eye problem&nasal symptom were significantly improved.