식도 Achalasia 13예에 대한 임상적 고찰

이종균(Jong Kyun Lee),김상효(Sang Hyo Kim),전정렬(Jung Youl Chun) 대한외과학회 1979 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research Vol.21 No.3

기니피그 담낭 평활근에서 무스카린 수용체 아형의 특성

이종균(Jong Kyun Lee),이풍렬(Poong Lyul Rhee),강동묵(Tong Mook Kang),김재준(Jae Jun Kim),고광철(Kwang Cheol Koh),백승운(Seung Woon Paik),이종철(Jong Chul Rhee) 대한소화기학회 1998 대한소화기학회지 Vol.30 No.1

N/A Background/Aims: Acetylcholine(Ach) is the most irnportant rnediator in vagal-induced and cholecystokinin-induced gallbladder contraction. There are several rnuscarinic receptor subtypes characterized by pharmacologic study. The majority of smooth muscles from many species exhibit heterogenous populations of muscarinic receptors and different subtypes activate different signal transduction pathways. Therefore, it is important and essential to characterize the muscarinic receptor subtypes for understanding the mechanism of muscle contraction in a certain tissue. The aim of the present study was to characterize the muscarinic receptor subtypes in guinea pig gallbladder smooth muscle using relatively selective receptor subtype antagonists. Methods: Gallbladder muscle strips were prepared and mounted in an organ bath. Isometric contractions were recorded on a polygraph. 50% inhibitory concentrations(Icqp) and pA (-log KB) values of pirenze- pine, methoctramine, and 4-DAMP(M1, M2, and M3 antagonist, respectively) were compared on Ach-induced gallbladder muscle contraction. Results: Icsp of pirenzepine, methoctramine, and 4-DAMP on 1pM Ach-induced contraction were 7.8 > 10 'M, 2.'7 x 10 M, and 3,7 x 10 M, respectively. pA, values of pirenzepine, methoctramine, and 4-DAMP were 6.8, 5.0 and 11.4, respectively. Conclusions: M3 subtype may play the most important role in Ach-induced contraction of guinea pig gallbladder muscle. (Korean J Gastroenterol 1997; 30:90 - 97)

근충진술을 이용한 치루의 치료

이종균(Jong Kyun Lee),이동근(Dong Keun Lee),김정길(Jung Kil Kim) 대한외과학회 1989 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research Vol.36 No.4

한국에서 자가면역췌장염의 진단 전략

이종균 ( Jong Kyun Lee ) 대한췌장담도학회 2014 대한췌담도학회지 Vol.19 No.1

Autoimmune pancreatitis should be differentiated from pancreatobiliary cancers because they often have similar clinical features and images. Accurate and practical diagnostic algorithm for AIP is important to avoid unnecessary surgery and delayed treatment. International Consensus Diagnostic Criteria for AIP suggested that diagnostic algorithms and the practical patterns considerably vary worldwide. Patients with clinically suspected AIP can be categorized into patients with typical features of AIP and patients with indeterminate features based on CT findings. Serology and other organ involvement can be used as collateral evidence of AIP. If a patient presents with diffuse pancreatic enlargement but is lack of collateral evidence, pancreatogram could be useful. If a patient has obstructive jaundice, biliary drainage and endobiliary biopsy are recommended. Duodenal papillary biopsy for IgG4 immunostain can be used during ERCP. In case of atypical imaging findings, EUS-guided FNA/biopsy is recommended to exclude pancreatic cancer and to obtain the suggestive findings of AIP. If type 2 is clinically suspected, EUS-guided core biopsy is required for the definite diagnosis. Short-term steroid trial can be performed to confirm the diagnosis of AIP when pancreatobiliary cancer workup shows negative results. However, clinical practice in diagnosing AIP varies depending on the local expertise, facilities, cost, prevalence of AIP and its subtypes. Korean J Pancreatobiliary 2014;19(1):7-12

PARALLEL SYMPOSIUM 2 : Primary Sclerosing Cholangitis and IgG4-Associated Cholangitis

이종균 ( Jong Kyun Lee ) 대한간학회 2013 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2013 No.1

Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is a chronic and progressive disorder characterized by inflammation and fibrosis of intra- and extrahepatic bile ducts which finally leads to biliary cirrhosis. PSC is seen as immune-mediated disorder but the pathogenesis is still unclear. PSC has a strong association with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In addition, PSC patients are at high risk to develop cholangiocarcinoma, colorectal cancer, gallbladder cancer, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Therefore, the surveillance for the development of various cancers is important. The prognosis is poor and the median survival is in the range of 11 to 18 years. Pharmacologic treatment does not prolong survival. The dominant biliary strictures need endoscopic balloon dilatation and/or stenting. Liver transplantation is recommended in patients with end-stage liver disease, intractable pruritus, recurrent bacterial cholangitis. IgG4-associated cholangitis (IAC) is a recently defined disease entity which shares a number of clinical, laboratory, and radiological features with PSC. However, patients with IAC are older, present more abruptly with obstructive jaundice, and not associated with IBD. IAC is one entity of IgG4-associated systemic sclerosing disorder which is characterized by extensive IgG4-positive plasma cells and T-lymphocyte infiltration of various organs including pancreas, bile duct, salivary glands, kidney, prostate, retroperitoneum, and lymph nodes. Most patients respond to steroid therapy but disease can be relapsed.

한국 사회복지지출의 변화 패턴과 항상성에 관한 탐색적 연구

이종균 ( Jong Kyun Lee ),조한진 ( Han Jin Jo ) 한국사회복지정책학회 2015 사회복지정책 Vol.42 No.1

본 연구는 한국이 국가체계의 불안정기에 조절과정을 통해 사회복지지출의 변화를 산출하여 안정을 추구하는 항상성을 설명하고자 하였다. 즉, 사회복지지출이 역동적으로 변화되어 국가체계의 균형을 유지하는 항상성의 자율조절 패턴을 분석하는데 그 목적이 있다. 분석 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 단속점과 분포 패턴의 검증 결과, 사회복지지출의 변화에 있어서 34년 동안 수차례의 단속점을 볼수 있었고, 분포 패턴도 파동 패턴의 진동 추세를 보였다. 둘째, 정규성 검증 결과, 쌍봉 분포가 나타났으며 검증 기준에 따라 몇 차례의 이상치가 나타났다. 셋째, 점증성 검증 결과, 비점증적 변화 비율이 매우 높게 나타났다. 이러한 결과는 국가체계가 안정기에는 사회복지지출의 점증적 변화 패턴을 산출하고 위기상황에서는 역동적 조절과정을 통해 급격한 비점증적 변화 패턴을 평상시처럼 산출하면서 점증적 변화를 오히려 간헐적이고 예외적으로 산출하여 안정 상태를 유지한다는 것으로, 이러한 과정이 우연하거나 일시적 현상이 아니라 항상성의 변화 과정이라는 것을 보여주는 것이다. 이에 한국의 사회복지지출 패턴도 지난 34년간 항상성의 자율조절 패턴이었다고 할 수 있다. This study tried to explain homeostasis by which Korea sought stability by producing the change of social welfare expenditure through a regulating process in an unstable period of national system. The purpose of this study was to analyze the self-regulating pattern of homeostasis by which the balance of national system was maintained through a dynamic change of social welfare expenditure. Followings are the results of analysis. First, punctuation test showed that there were several times of punctuation for 34 years concerning the change of social welfare expenditure. Distribution pattern test showed the vibrational tendency of wave pattern. Second, normality test showed a bimodal distribution and several times of outlier according to test standards. Lastly, incremental test showed a very high rate of non-incremental change. These results show that the national system yields an incremental change pattern of social welfare expenditure at the period of stability, while in crisis the system maintains a stable state by yielding a drastic non-incremental change pattern as usual through a dynamic regulating process and by yielding an incremental change rather intermittently and exceptionally. This is not an accidental nor a transient phenomenon, but the change process in homeostasis. Therefore, the social welfare expenditure pattern in Korea can be seen as a self-regulating pattern of homeostasis for the last 34 years.

기획종설 : 췌장암 ; 췌장암의 스크리닝 및 진단

이종균 ( Jong Kyun Lee ) 대한소화기학회 2007 대한소화기학회지 Vol.51 No.2

Pancreatic cancer has an extremely poor prognosis mainly because the diagnosis is made late. Therefore, screening and early diagnosis are essential ways to improve the patient`s survival. There is no cost-effective screening method in general population because pancreatic cancer is relatively uncommon. Some patients belonging to high-risk groups such as hereditary pancreatic cancer, familial pancreatic caner kindred, new-onset diabetes in eldery patients, can be targets of secondary screening. To date, multi-detector CT is the standard method for proper diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. EUS play roles for identifying small lesion and cytologic examination. Other modalities like endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), MRI/MRCP, positron emission tomography (PET), or laparoscopy, can be used selectively for the diagnosis and assessment of resectability (Korean J Gastroenterol 2008;51:84-88)

담관 폐쇄 환자에서 담도압 상승과 관련이 있는 임상 지표

이종균(Jong Kyun Lee),이풍렬(Poong Lyul Rhee),김재준(Jae Jun Kim),고광철(Kwang Cheol Koh),백승운(Seung Woon Paik),이종철(Jong Chul Rhee),주성욱(Seong Wook Choo),주인욱(In Wook Choo) 대한소화기학회 1996 대한소화기학회지 Vol.28 No.3

N/A Background/Aims: Increased bile duct pressure is the major factor responsible for acute cholangi- tis and bacteremia. Therefore, prompt medical or surgical decompression of bile under high pressure should be accomplished as fast as possible. But, measuretnent of bile duct pressure is invasive. So, the present study was undertaken to find out the clinical factors to predict the increased biliary pressure in patients with bile duct obstruction. Methods: Thirty-three patients with bile duct obstruction underwent percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage(PTBD). Intraductal pressure was measured as soon as bile duct pucture was performed. Bile cultures were performed in 24 patients and blood cultures were performed in 21 patients. Correlation of bile duct pressure and severity of pain, duration of symptom, fever, leukocytosis, serum bilirubin, serurn alkaline phosphatase, or bile duct diameter were statistically analyzed. Results: Bacteremias were noticed in 5 of the 17 patients with positive bile culture. Bacteremia was associated with the increased biliary pressure. Bacteremia was demonstrated when the biliary pressure was 22 cmHyO or more. Biliary pressure was associated with the severity of pain and body temperature. Significant correla- tion was not found between the duration of symptom, leukocytosis, serum bilirubin, serum alkaline phosphatase, or bile duct diameter and biliary pressure. Conclusions: Increased biliary pressure in patients with bile duct obstruction is more likely to be associated with severity of pain and fever than leukocytosis, bilirubin level, alkaline phosphatase level, or bile duct diameter. (Korean J Gastroenterol 1996; 28:409 - 414)

원전, 플랜트 프로젝트의 건설기술인력 육성 교육방향

이종균(Lee, Jong-Kyun) 대한건축학회 2014 建築 Vol.58 No.7

합성수지로 보강된 결손 목재기둥의 축내력에 관한 연구

이종균(Lee Jong-Kyun),박성무(Park Sung-Moo) 대한건축학회 2009 대한건축학회 학술발표대회 논문집 - 계획계/구조계 Vol.29 No.1(구조계)

The main material of wooden structures is wood, can be obtained easily in nature and higher strength per unit weight as well as eco-friendly and process of the manufacture has been superb. A weak point is Knots, while, cross grain, vermin by insects, fire and strength degradation due to fatigue and corrosion by deterioration. especially the deterioration of the wooden structure must be accompanied by appropriate conservation measures, because it is most the cultural assets. Conservation of wooden structure as possible, reuse the original repair itself, the consideration of the cultural value of attending to the basic principle is to maintain a archetype. Accordingly, the physical and chemical combined methods using a synthetic resins is emerging. A study on conservation methods using synthetic resins is only a short time. So former studies was the aspect of pure science to conserve, it is not that improvement of capacity using synthetic resins in wooden structures. Therefore, this study will confirm the possibility of usability in practice and an effect of reinforcement in compressive element possessed rectangular section. The results of the experiment, the compressive element with rectangular section rather than the direction of radiation in the direction of tangent reinforcement is more effective and less ratio of reinforcement is more effective. It is also effective on the total length of the element and adequate reinforcement is more efficient than new element.