최근 5년간 인천지역 설사환자에서 분리한 Salmonella Enteritidis와 Salmonella Typhimurium의 항생제 내성 양상

장재선,이제만,공용우,이미연,Jang, Jae-Seon,Lee, Jea-Man,Gong, Young-Woo,Lee, Mi-Yeon 한국환경보건학회 2013 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.39 No.3

Objectives: Antimicrobial resistance and multidrug resistance patterns have been studied with a total of 189 samples of Salmonella Enteritidis and Salmonella Typhimurium isolated from diarrhea patients in Incheon from 2008 to 2012. Methods: Antimicrobial resistance tests were determined by Disc Diffusion method. Results: The serological distribution of Salmonella spp. showed 108 strains (30.1%) of S. Enteritidis, 81 strains (22.6%) of S. Typhimirium, eight strains (8.0%) of S. Typhi, 11 strains ( 3.1% ) of S. Paratyphi, and the 151 other strains (42.1%). The separation rate of Salmonella spp. by year showed 14.5% (52 strains) in 2008, 13.6% (49 strains) in 2009, 22.8% (82 strains) in 2010, 25.3% (91 strains) in 2011, and 23.7% (85 strains) in 2012. Additionally, the separation rate of S. Enteritidis and S. Typhimirium in 2010 was the highest. The Salmonella spp. isolated from diarrhea patients showed significant differences according to age (p<0.05), gender (p<0.01) and medical institution (p<0.05). The highest resistance was found to the following antimicrobial agents: imipenem 77 strains, ampicillin 47 strains, ciprofloxacin 34 strains, nalidixic acid 29 strains for S. Enteritidis, and ampicillin 45 strains, nalidixic acid 45 strains for S. Typhimurium. Separated S. Enteritidis and S. Typhimurium resistance to the antibiotics by the year showed significant differences (p<0.05). The patterns of multidrug resistance rates were 43.1% (47 strains) for one drug, 8.3% (9 strains) for two drugs, 11.0% (12 strains) for three drugs, 15.62% (17 strains) for four drugs, and 13.7% (15 strains) for five or more drugs for S. Enteritidis. For S. Tyhpimurium, the rates were 15.0% (12 strains) for one drug, 10.0% (8 strains) for two drugs, 6.3% (five strains) for three drugs, 18.7% (15 strains) for four drugs, and 23.8% (19 strains) for five or more drugs. Conclusion: The antibiotic resistance issue is directly related to people's lives. Thus, the usage of antibiotics should be reduced in order to manage antibiotic resistance.

유통 건고추 및 고춧가루의 아플라톡신 B₁과 오크라톡신 A 오염도 조사

제갈승,김지형,주광식,정세진,나현주,조남규,이제만,김용희,Jegal, Seung,Kim, Ji-Hyeung,Joo, Gwang-Sig,Jung, Se-Jin,Na, Hyeon-Ju,Jo, Nam-Gyu,Lee, Jea-Man,Kim, Yong-Hee 한국식품위생안전성학회 2013 한국식품위생안전성학회지 Vol.28 No.3

2012년 2월부터 11월까지 인천 지역에서 유통된 건고추 및 고춧가루 193건을 대상으로 아플라톡신 $B_1$과 오크라톡신 A의 오염도를 조사하였다. Immunoaffinity column 및 HPLC를 이용한 시험법은 모두 80% 이상의 회수율을 보였고, 아플라톡신 $B_1$ 및 오크라톡신 A의 검출한계는 각각 0.13 ${\mu}g/kg$, $0.30{\mu}g/kg$였다. 오염도 조사를 한 결과 아플라톡신 $B_1$은 17.1%의 검출율을 보였고 오크라톡신 A는 20.7%의 검출율을 보였으며, 아플라톡신 $B_1$의 검출농도는 0.14~9.67 ${\mu}g/kg$였고, 오크라톡신 A의 검출 농도는 0.31~3.31 ${\mu}g/kg$였다. 이는 우리나라 식품공전 상의 기준인 10 ${\mu}g/kg$(아플라톡신 $B_1$), 7 ${\mu}g/kg$(오크라톡신 A)보다는 낮은 수치로 비교적 안전한 수준이었다. A survey of aflatoxin $B_1$ and ochratoxin A was conducted on dried red pepper and red pepper powder. Total number of 193 samples were collected from local markets in Incheon. The presence of aflatoxin $B_1$ and ochratoxin A was determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with fluorescence detector using immunoaffinity column clean-up. The recovery rate of aflatoxin $B_1$ and ochratoxin A were more than 80% and the limits of quantification were 0.13 ${\mu}g/kg$ for aflatoxin $B_1$ and 0.30 ${\mu}g/kg$ for ochratoxin A. Aflatoxin $B_1$ was detected in 33 samples (17.1%) with a range of 0.14~9.67 ${\mu}g/kg$ and ochratoxin A was detected in 40 samples (20.7%) with a range of 0.31~3.31 ${\mu}g/kg$. These results show that the occurrence of aflatoxin $B_1$ and ochratoxin A in dried red pepper and red pepper powder tested in this study is low compared with the standard in Korea Food Code (10 ${\mu}g/kg$ as aflatoxin $B_1$ and 7 ${\mu}g/kg$ as ochratoxin A).

인천광역시 유통 농산물의 최근 3년간의 잔류농약 실태 및 안전성 조사

김혜영 ( Hye Young Kim ),이수연 ( Soo Yeon Lee ),김철기 ( Cheol Gi Kim ),최은정 ( Eun Jeong Choi ),이은주 ( Eun Ju Lee ),조남규 ( Nam Gyu Jo ),이제만 ( Jea Man Lee ),김용희 ( Yong Hee Kim ) 한국환경농학회 2013 한국환경농학회지 Vol.32 No.1

2010년부터 2012년까지 인천광역시에서 유통되고 있는 농산물 총 16,025 건에 대한 잔류농약검사를 실시한 결과 부적합률은 1.2%, 0.8%, 0.7%로 약간의 감소 추세를 보였다. 최근 3년간 부적합이 이력이 높은 농약은 endosulfan, chlorpyrifos, diazinon, lufenuron, chlorothalonil, flutolanil, procymidone, ethoprophos 순이었으며, 전체농산물 중 엽채류가 75% 이상을 차지하였고, 엽채류 중에서 취나물, 들깻잎, 쑥갓이 전체의 35%를 차지하였다. 지역별로는 경기, 인천, 충남, 전남에서 생산된 농산물에서 부적합 빈도가 높으나 지역별 출하 농산물의 검사건수 대비 부적합률은 모두 1% 내외로 큰 차이는 없었다. 특히 인천의 경우, 농산물의 부적합률이 매년 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 부적합이 자주 발생하는 10 종의 농약 모두에서 1인1일 농약섭취량 대비 1일 추정섭취량은 무와 파를 제외하고 3% 미만으로 인체에 대한 위해성은 낮은 것으로 평가되었다. Research Article : BACKGROUND: This survey was done to investigate the pesticide residues and to assess their risk on agricultural products on the Markets in Incheon from 2010 to 2012. METHODS AND RESULTS: The total number of samples were 16,025 for agricultural products and these were analyzed by multi-residue method using GCECD/ NPD, GC-MS, LC-MS/MS and HPLC-PDA/FLD. The violation rates of the samples over maximum residue limits(MRLs) of pesticide residues established by Korean Food and Drug Administration in the survey of 2010, 2011 and 2012 were 1.2%, 0.8% and 0.7%, respectively. CONCLUSION(S): Of the total violated samples, more than 75% of the rates were recorded from the samples of leafy vegetables. Most commonly encountered agricultural commodities over MRLs were Chwinamul, perilla leaves and crown daisy. The pesticides detected yearly over MRLs during three years were endosulfan, chlorpyrifos, diazinon, lufenuron, chlorothalonil, flutolanil, procymidone, ethoprophos. Estimated daily intakes compared to acceptable daily intakes, except radish and Welsh onion, is estimated less harm on human in 10 kinds of pesticides which frequently occurred violation.

강화 교동면 주민과 들쥐의 쯔쯔가무시병 및 발진열에 대한 혈청역학 조사

최은정 ( Eun Jeong Choi ),허명제 ( Myoung Jei Hur ),오보영 ( Bo Young Oh ),박진수 ( Jin Su Park ),이미연 ( Mi Yeon Lee ),이제만 ( Jea Man Lee ),고종명 ( Jong Myoung Go ),김용희 ( Yong Hee Kim ) 한국가축위생학회 2003 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.26 No.3

Scrub typhus and murine typhus are common endemic febrile illness in the fall in Korea. Scrub typhus is caused by Orientia tsutsugamushi, murine typhus is caused by Rickettsia typhi. Trombiculid mites are known as both the vector and the reservoir host of O tsutsugamushi, the mites which transmit O tsutsuga,nushi have been reported to be Leptotrombidium jxzllidum and L scutellare. The author carried out an epidemiological study of scrub typhus and murine typhus in Kyodong-Myeon, Kanghwa-Gun, Incheon in relation to the residents and the host rodents, such as their distribution, seroepideniiology, and population density of chigger mites. 1. Out of 900 residents, 33(3.7%) showed positive reaction to 0 tsutsuga`nushi, 24(2.7%) to R typhi. 2. In the seropositives to O tsutsugamushi or R typhi, between the sixties and the seventies of the age were dominant. 3. In the seropositives to O tsutsutzmushi serotypically Gilliarn was dominant. 4. Among the total 42 field rodents trapped by the sherman traps, 18 rodents were Apodemus agrarius(42.9%), 13 rodents were Crocidura lasiura(31.O%), 5 rodents were Mus musculus(11.9%), 2 rodents(4.8%) were Crocidura suaveolens, Rattus norvegicus, Tscherskia triton, respectively. 5. Out of 42 field rodents, 25 were parasitized by 4,149 chigger mites, showing 59.5% of the infestation rate and 98.8 of the chigger index. L jxillidum parasitized in A agrarius, C lasiura, M musculus, R norvegicus and T triton, and L scutellare parasitized only C lasiura. 6. Antibodies in the sera of field rodents against O tsutsugamushi and R typhi were investigated by indirect immunofluorescent antibody technique. Positive rate of antibody against 0 tsutsugamushi were 11.9%(5 of 42) and all of the positive is A agrarius. Antibody against R typhi was not detected. These results might provide the basic information for the management of scrub typhus and murine typhus in Kyodong-myeon, where the epidemiological studies on scrub typhus and murine typhus was not carried out enough.