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전자 제조업에서 광치료가 교대 근무자의 심박변이도에 미치는 영향
이인석(Inseok Lee),모승민(Seung-Min Mo) 대한인간공학회 2021 大韓人間工學會誌 Vol.40 No.6
Objective: The purpose of this study is to analyze heart rate variability on the light therapy for shift worker in electronics industry. Background: Although the shift work system could be improved productivity, it has been reported that the inconsistency of the circadian rhythm negatively affects worker"s health such as physical, psychological and psychosocial activities. Method: This study participated in eighteen female workers in their 20s and 30s. They have been working in shift for more than six months in the electronics manufacturing process. For the heart rate signal measured during work, heart rate signals were sampled in a continuous 60-minute interval within 120 minutes after the starting (early) and before ending (last) of the working period. This study evaluated the time domain heart rate variability (HRV) of Mean NN, SDNN, SDANN, SDNN index, RMSSD and pNN50. For the Wilcoxon signed-rank test, this study analyzed the significant difference between the HRV in the early and last of working period according to the light therapy. Results: For the non-light therapy group, there were significant difference of HRV of Mean NN, RMSSD and pNN50 between early and late of working period. These HRV were analyzed to be significantly increased in the late of working period than in the early work period. In non-light therapy group, most of HRV showed high variability. This reason is that worker"s psychological tension was alleviated in relation to the finish time at the late of working period. For the light therapy group, there were no significant difference of all HRV between early and late of working period. It showed that the light therapy group should keep maintained stability of autonomic nervous system compared to the non-light therapy group. Conclusion: This study suggested a method that the light therapy could be reduce variability in heart rated and improve stability for shift worker. And RMSSD and pNN50 of HRV could effectively evaluate the activation of the autonomic nervous system among HRV in the time domain. Application: Based on the result of this study, non-invasive light therapy could contribute to the prevention of occupational diseases and improving work quality in the shift work system.
李仁碩(Lee Inseok) 한국법학원 2002 저스티스 Vol.- No.67
인터넷의 비약적 발전과 더불어 온라인상의 불법행위가 많이 이루어지고 있고, 인터넷의 특성상 그 피해범위가 광범위해지고 있다. 이에 따라서 법적ㆍ정책적 측면에서 어떻게 그러한 피해발생을 예방하거나 이미 발생한 손해를 회복할 것인가가 세계적으로 주요한 논의대상으로 떠오르게 되었다. 온라인상 불법행위로는 주로 저작권침해, 명예훼손과 관련하여 문제가 되고 있다. 이러한 상황에서 나온 대상판결은, 온라인서비스제공자에게 명예훼손에 대한 책임을 인정한 최초의 대법원 판결로 주목을 끈다. 미국에서는 CDA의 제정과 Zeran 판결 이후 온라인서비스제공자의 책임을 완전히 면책시키는 방향으로 나아가고 있다. 그러나 우리나라에는 미국과 같은 명시적 입법이 없고, 표현의 자유에 대한 문화나 법의식이 다르므로, 온라인서비스제공자를 명예훼손에 대한 책임으로부터 완전면책 시키는 것은 받아들일 것이 못되고, 오히려 영국, 독일, 일본의 입법 및 판례의 경향과 같이 온라인서비스제공자에게 일정한 경우 책임을 묻거나 면제하기 위한 요건을 정립해야 할 것이다. 대상판결은 온라인서비스제공자에게 책임을 묻기 위한 전제로서 작위의무 발생의 요건인 예견가능성에 관하여, ‘전자게시판을 설치, 운영하는 전기통신사업자는 그 이용자에 의하여 타인의 명예를 훼손하는 글이 전자게시판에 올려진 것을 알았거나 알 수 있었던 경우에 이를 삭제하는 등의 적절한 조치를 취해야 할 의무가 있다’는 점을 인정하면서도 피해자로부터의통지만으로는 바로 작위의무가 발생한다고 인정하지 않고 추가적으로 정보통신윤리위원회의 시정조치요구를 근거로 삼음으로써, 그 통지의 내용이 객관적 자료에 의하여 뒷받침 될 경우 에만 예견가능성이 있음을 명백히 한 것으로 해석된다. 제3자가 투고한 명예훼손적 내용의 글에 대하여, 온라인서비스제공자가 책임을 지는가하는 문제는 표현의 자유와 명예, 그리고 당사자 사이의 이해관계를 어떻게 조정할 것인가 하는 문제이다. 이러한 문제는 올바른 정책적 입장에 근거하여, 현행법에 충실하게 법이론을 정립하면서, 변화하는 환경에 대처할 새로운 입법을 모색해야 하는 문제이다. 명예훼손에 관하여 온라인서비스제공자를 면책시키는 미국의 이론을 그대로 받아들이지 않고, 일정한 경우에 한정하여 책임을 인정한 본 대상판결은 개인의 명예를 보호하면서도, 표현의 자유를 위축시키지 않는 조화점을 찾으려는 고민의 결과라는 점에 의미가 있다. 이러한 점에 비추어 대상판결의 판결취지를 지나치게 확대하여 온라인서비스제공자의 책임을 광범위하게 인정하려는 해석론 역시 표현의 자유를 지나치게 제약하게 되는 결과를 초래할 것이 분명하므로, 우리가 따를 바가 못된다. 오히려 대상판결의 결론을 이끈 구체적 상황을 근거로 예외적인 경우에 온라인서비스제공자의 작위의무가 발생함을 인정하는 방향으로 나아가 표현의 자유와 인격권의 조화를 도모할 필요가 있다.
블루베리 수확 작업의 작업자세 분석 및 인간공학적 평가
이인석(Inseok Lee),김용휘(Yonghwi Kim) 대한인간공학회 2019 大韓人間工學會誌 Vol.38 No.4
Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the postural load of blueberryharvesting tasks based on continuous observation of working postures and measurement of wrist angles with electronic goniometers. Background: Agricultural workers are known to be highly exposed to various risk factors of musculoskeletal disorders. The blueberry-harvesting workers have to carry out the repetitive manual tasks for a long time in a very hot summer season. Their work has not yet been studied sufficiently for us to understand the postural load of the tasks based on quantitative and objective data. Method: Four female workers were video-recorded while they are carrying out their normal work of blue-berry harvesting. Their tasks were categorized as 3 subtasks of pricking, storing, and miscellaneous. The working postures were continuously observed and categorized according to the postural classification based on REBA using a computer S/W program, CAPTIV. The estimated working time a day for each subtask, the percentage for the categorized working postures of lower arm, upper arm, neck, trunk, and leg, and the mean and maximum sustained times for each posture were analyzed. Their wrist angles were measured using electronic goniometers while they were carrying out their normal work. The positions, movements, and frequencies of the wrist motions were analyzed. Results: It was shown that the workers spent 82% of their working time on picking, with 11.9 sec and 45.0 sec of mean and maximum sustaining time of picking. They took mild or severe bending postures in their trunk for 55.7% of the working time and mild bending in the neck for 50.2% of the working time. They elevated their arms to the shoulder height for more than 60% of the working time, and 11.4% and 26.7% of the working time for squat sitting and unbalanced standing, respectively. The maximum sustaining times for mild and severe bending for the trunk are 56.9 sec and 37.3 sec, respectively, and 72.9 sec, 56.0 sec, and 46.6 sec for the mild bending of neck, severe arm elevation, and squat sitting, respectively. It was found that the workers mostly assumed extended wrist postures, though the workload on the wrist seemed to be moderate according to the positions, movements, and frequencies of wrist flexion/extension and deviations, as compared to previous studies of other repetitive work. Conclusion: It was shown that the workers have to carry out the picking tasks in the most time. They took non-neutral postures in the trunk, arms, legs and neck for the most of the working time. It can be resumed that the workers are very highly exposed to the risks of musculoskeletal disorders. Application: The results of this study can be used as a basic and practical data for the study for preventing musculoskeletal disorders of blueberry-harvesting workers.