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- 저자 : 이영환(Young Hwan Yee) (검색결과 34 건)
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젓갈에서 분리한 Lactobacillus spp.로 제조한 요구르트의 이화학적 특성
이영환,나한주,이용규,신승이,김종현,Rhee, Young-Hwan,Na, Han-Ju,Lee, Yong-Kyu,Shin, Seung-Yee,Kim, Jong-Hyun 한국응용생명화학회 1997 Applied Biological Chemistry (Appl Biol Chem) Vol.43 No.1
젓갈류로 부터 Lactobacillus cases 2주와 L. pentosus 1주를 분리, 동정한 후 이들 유산균의 요구르트 제조 Starter로서의 이용 가능성을 고찰하고자, 이들 균주를 Starter로 이용하여 요구르트를 제조한 결과 요구르트 고유의 pH값은 $4.03{\sim}4.26$, 산도는 $1.049{\sim}1.217%$, 점도는 $1,772{\sim}2,232\;cps$, 그리고 생균수는 $1.4{\times}10^9{\sim}1.6{\times}10^9\;cfu/ml$였다. 요구르트의 완충능은 (요구르트 100 ml 기준) 1.0N HCl의 경우 12.50 ml 부터 14.06 ml 소모 되었고 1.0N NaOH는 9.46 ml 부터 13.06 ml 소모 되었다. 한편, 요구르트 제조시 균주 첨가 후 24시간 부터 72시간 동안 경시적으로 ${\beta}-galactosidase$ 활성도를 조사한 결과 48시간에 최고의 효소활성을 보였으며 이후에는 감소하였다. 또한 산성조건에서 2시간 동안 경시적으로 ${\beta}-galactosidase$ 활성도와 유산균 생존율을 측정한 결과 pH 3.5에서 2시간 후에는 $20{\sim}60%$ 정도 효소활성이 감소하였으며 pH 2.5와 pH 1.5에서 효소활성은 거의 없었다. 한편, 유산균의 생존율은 pH 3.5에서 2시간 후 거의 변화가 없었으나 pH 2.5와 pH 1.5에서는 각각 $1.9{\times}10^6{\sim}1.8{\times}10^8,\;1.0{\times}10^3{\sim}2.4{\times}10^5\;cfu/ml$ 수준이었다. Three strains of lactic acid bacteria were isolated from fish and shrimp pickles. Two strains were identified as Lactobacillus casei, and one strain as L. Pentosus, respectively. All three strains were used as starters in producing yogurts. The physico-chemical characteristics of yogurts were examined. The original pH, titratable acidity, visicosity and viable cell counts of the yogurts were $4.03{\sim}4.26,\;1.049{\sim}l.217%,\;1,772{\sim}2,232\;cps\;and\;1.4{\times}10^9{\sim}1.6{\times}10^9\;cfu/ml$, respectively. In evaluating buffer capacity, $12.50{\sim}14.06\;ml$ 1.0N HCl was consumed to titrate 100 ml of yogurt to pH value 2 units below the original pH value and $9.46{\sim}13.06\;ml$ of 1.0N NaOH was consumed to pH value 4 units above the original pH value. The ${\beta}-galactosidase$ activity reached maximum at 48 hrs, and reduced gradually during fermantation. After 2 hr incubation of yogurts at $37^{\circ}C$ under different pH conditions, ${\beta}-galactosidase$ activities of three strains were reduced to 50% at pH 3.5, but there were no remaining activities neither at pH 2.5 nor at pH 1.5. Under the same pH conditions the number of viable cells decreased to $1.9{\times}10^6{\sim}1.8{\times}10^8\;cfu/ml$ at pH 2.5 and $1.0{\times}10^3{\sim}2.4{\times}10^5$ at pH 1.5, respectively. However, no significant difference was found at pH 3.5.
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이영환(Young Hwan Yee),한지현(Jihyeon Han) 한국아동학회 2018 아동학회지 Vol.39 No.4
Objective: The purpose of this study was to develop and validate a scale of maternal gatekeeping based on the conceptual model by Puhlman and Pasley (2013). We alslo aimed to classify eight types based on three dimensionss (=control, encouragement, and discouragement) of maternal gatekeeping and characterized each type. Methods: Subjects were 200 mothers with their first child under three years of age. The Korean Maternal Gatekeeping Scale (KMG) was modified and developed according to the current situation in Korea based on previous research on this scale (Fagan & Barnet, 2003; Puhlman, 2013; Van Egeren & Hawkins, 2004). The analyses assessed content validity, reliability, factorial validity, construct validity, and criterion validity. Results: First, we developed and tested a new measure to assess the three dimensions of maternal gatekeeping as outlined by Puhlman and Pasley (2013), determining that the scale showed valid and reliable measures. Second, we classified eight types based on the three dimensions of maternal gatekeeping behavior: type 1 (high control, low encouragement, high discouragement) was the most frequent, while type 7 (low control, high encouragement, high discouragement) was the least frequent. Third, according to the types of maternal gatekeeping, there were differences in coparenting and parenting stress. Type 3 and 4 showed high co-parenting solidarity, co-parenting support, and shared parenting, type 5 and 7 presented high parenting stress. Conclusion: This study was significant in that it developed a Korean mothers gatekeeping behavior scale based on three dimensions, classifying eight types of maternal gatekeeping behaviors.
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이영환(Yee Young-Hwan) 한국영유아보육학회 2010 한국영유아보육학 Vol.0 No.63
본 연구에서는 아버지와 어머니의 정서 사회화의 차이를 알아보기 위하여 초등학교 3학년 자녀를 둔 아버지와 어미니 342쌍을 대상으로 질문지조사를 실시하였다. 본 연구에서 사용된 측정도구는 부모의 정서표현성 척도(Self-Expression within the family Questionnaire: SEEQ), 자녀의 부정적 정서에 대한 부모 반응 척도(Coping with children's negative Emotions Scale: CCNES), 아동의 긍정적 정서표현에 대한 부모 반응 척도(Parental Reactions to Children's Expression of Positive Emotions Scale: PRCPS)를 사용하였다. 연구결과 첫째, 아버지와 어머니 모두 부정적 정서표현보다는 긍정적 정서표현을 더 많이 하는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 자녀의 부정적 정서에 대해 아버지와 어머니 모두 비지지적 반응보다 지지적 반응이 더 높았으며, 6가지 반응유형 중 문제중심 해결 반응이 가장 높았다. 셋째, 자녀의 긍정적 정서에 대한 부모의 4가지 반응 유형 중 아버지와 어머니 모두 훈육적 반응이 가장 높았으며 지지적 반응이 가장 낮았다. 넷째, 자녀의 긍정적 정서에 대해 어머니는 아버지보다 훈육적, 처벌적, 스트레스적 반응을 많이 보이지만, 지지적 반응에서는 아버지의 점수가 어머니보다 높았다. This study examined to compare the fathers' and mothers' emotional socialization to their childrens. 342 Father-and mother of children 3rd grade in elementary school. Parents completed the questionnaire about their self-expression within the family and reaction to children's negative and positive emotions. The main results were following. First, mothers expressed positive and negative emotions more than father. Second, fathers and mothers used more supportive reactions than non supportive reaction when their children showed negative emotion, in particular, problem-focused reaction was mostly used. Third, in reaction to their children's positive emotion, father and mother used mostly teach/control reaction and used last encouragement reaction. While mothers more used teach/control, reprimand and discomfort reactions, but in case of encouragement reaction to children's positive emotion, fathers were higher than mothers. Forth, there was no significant differences between fathers and mothers in parents' self-expression, reaction to children's negative and positive emotions according to children's sex and birth order.
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이영환(Yee, Young-Hwan) 한국영유아보육학회 2014 한국영유아보육학 Vol.0 No.87
본 연구 목적은 한국아동패널 자료를 사용하여 어머니의 결혼만족도와 우울 간의 종단관계를 밝히는데 있다. 후속출산 의도집단 577명과 후속출산 비의도집단 1,079명 등 총 1,656명의 어머니를 대상으로 3회 측정한 종단자료에 자기회귀교차지연모형을 적용하여 분석하였다. 그 결과 첫째, 어머니의 결혼만족도와 우울은 시간에 따라 안정적이며, 이러한 경향은 후속출산 의도집단과 비의도집단 간에 차이가 없었다. 둘째, 어머니의 결혼만족도와 우울의 종단적 관계를 분석한 결과 결혼만족도가 우울에 미치는 영향은 유의하지 않지만 우울은 결혼만족도에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 두 변인간의 관계성은 후속출산 의도집단과 후속출산 비의도집단 간에 차이가 없었다. 셋째, 후속출산의도-취업집단, 후속출산 의도-비취업집단, 후속출산 비의도-취업집단, 후속출산 비의도-비취업집단의 4개 집단에 대해 어머니의 우울과 결혼만족도의 종단적 변화를 비교한 결과후속출산 비의도-미취업집단만이 시간에 걸친 우울이 높아지는 것으로 나타났으며, 후속출산 비의도?취업집단의 결혼만족도 증가폭이 가장 낮게 나타났다. This study aims to discover longitudinal relationship between the mother’s marital-satisfaction and depression through using data from Panel Study on Korean Children(PSKC), 1,656 mothers(577 intentional group about second childbirth and 1,079 unintentional group about second childbirth) were analysed within triple-estimated longitudinal data which autoregressive cross-lagged modeling was applied. The results of this study are summarized as follows; First, both marital satisfaction and depression were stable as time went by, and there were no difference of this tendency between the intentional and unintentional group about second childbirth. Second, by analysing longitudinal relation between marital satisfaction and depression, the marital satisfaction did not affect depression significantly, but the opposite did have a significant affection. The relationship of above two factors were little difference between intentional and unintentional group about second childbirth. Last, by comparing longitudinal changes of marital satisfaction and depression within four groups; intentional-employed, intentional-unemployed, unintentional-employed, unintentional-unemployed mothers group, only unintentional-unemployed group had shown growth of depression as time passed, and increase range of marriage satisfaction was lowest in unintentional-employed group.
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