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      • 공압실린더의 위치제어

        서정덕(Jung-Duk Seo),이성구(Seong-Ku Lee),김건회(Gun-hoi Kim) 한국기계가공학회 2006 한국기계가공학회 춘추계학술대회 논문집 Vol.2006 No.-

        The hydraulic/pneumatic pressure products are applied widely in current industrial area such as in the automation of products assembly, automation of equipment assembly, high-tech machine tool, aircraft, and train, and as the industry development is on progress, the development of the hydraulic/pneumatic pressure products is necessary and it is required in every industrial area. This research developed a position control system of the pneumatic cylinder using a pneumatic cylinder, four two-port valves, two three-port valves, two pressure valve, a check valve, two proximity sensors, and a program logic controller (PLC) to minimize the allowable error on the position control of pneumatic cylinder system and to develop a pneumatic cylinder valve system for further study. The maximum air pressure used for the position control test was 5 ㎏/cm2 and the displacement accuracy of the pneumatic cylinder was measured using a dial gauge. The supply and discharge air pressure and the length of the stroke of the pneumatic cylinder were controlled and set before experiment. The test of the position control of the pneumatic cylinder was carried out 50 times and replicated three times at each condition of the supply and discharge air pressure (2.5/3.5, 3.0/4.0, 3.5/4.5, and 4.0/5.0 ㎏/cm2) and selected stroke length of the pneumatic cylinder. The accuracy of the position control of the pneumatic cylinder increased as the supply and discharge air pressure increased at the stroke length was fixed as 133 ㎜, and increased as the stroke length increased with the fixed supply and discharge air pressure of 3.5/4.5 ㎏/cm2 of the pneumatic cylinder. The most accurate position control of the pneumatic cylinder (i.e., standard deviation of 0.01 ㎜) was obtained at the supply and discharge air pressure of 4.0/5.0 ㎏/cm2 and the stroke length of 170 and 190 ㎜.

      • 체육과 수행평가에 관한 실태 조사 연구

        박찬홍,이성구 公州大學校스포츠科學硏究所 2001 스포츠科學硏究所論文集 Vol.- No.15

        This study is to investigate the actual state of the performance assessment of physical education in the first grade of middle school and to investigate how much it is approaching to the contents and testing method of the 7th school curriculum. This study shows some results by analyzing the realities of the performance testing as it refers to the standard table of performance assessment of 53 middle schools in D-city and by inquiring into 59 physical education teachers' consciousness about the system of the performance assessment using a questionnaire. In case, there are two teachers more in the same grade, all they are included. According to the aim of this study, the standard plan of the performance assessment and the questionaries of teachers has been inspected by χ²in using the SPSS(10.0) software to the whole cases no mater what the types of schools, such as schools for boys, for girls, or education career. The statistic significant level is about α=.05. Here are the results of this study. 1) The general factors of the performance assessment The goal of the performance assessment of the first grade of middle school is for teachers( 42.4%) to grasp the students' understanding to the learning objectives of the physical education course. The standard plan of the performance assessment of the year was made by the council of physical education teachers of the school. Many schools(77.4%) tend to apply the percentage of each learning objectives (Psychomotor, Affective, Cognitive domain) 70% of the evaluation to the psychomotor domain, 10% to the affective domain, 20% to the cognitive domain. The teachers also have the same idea about the percentage to the learning objectives. 2) The factors of the psychomotor domain As to the item number of skill tests per semester, almost schools(67.9%) have executed 4 items and also the teachers(57.9%) answered that 4 items are most appropriate. Many schools(54.7%) have executed the items in 4 test stages, As the results of the questionaries, most teachers answered that the 4-test-stage is more appropriate than the Capacity testing and Combining testing and the 3-test-stage is more appropriate to Quality testing. As to the appropriateness of the basic marks of skill test, schools(41.5%) have answered more than 50% and less than 60% as appropriate and the teachers(39.0%) have answered that 50% is most appropriate. As to the skill test items per school year, these factors should be considered the contents of curriculum(37.3%), facilities of schools or circumference(32.2%), the standard testing plan of the last year(13.6%), the convenience of testing(11.9%) and others(5.1%). The items which are actually performed in the middle schools are follows : Mat Exercise(94.3%), Track and Field(88.7%), Gymnastics(86.8%), Handball(86.8%), Fitness Exercise(79.2%), Long Jump(71.7%), Soccer(66.0%), Creative Dancing(13.2%), and Taekwando(11.32%). But Swimming was little selected for skill test. As to the contents which should be performed in schools, the teacher thought that the necessary contents should be in the test positively or more than half. And the most reason that all items of the necessary contents didn't involved, was for the lack of the facilities in school or neighbourhood. 27.1% teachers answered that the skill test should be performed using the combined testing method. The methods of skill test was different from the type of the testing item. In schools, the Track &ield and Long-Jump adopted quality testing, capacity testing, and combined testing equally. However, in the Gymnastic, Mat Exercise, Taekwando and Dancing, only quality testing method was adopted. In the Fitness Exercise, the testing was by the capacity testing method only. In the Handball and Soccer, the test was performed using more the quality testing than capacity testing and combined testing. The opinion of the teachers to the method of skill testing show that each rate of combined testing, capacity testing, quality testing is 37.3%, 16.9%, 15.3% and 30.5% teachers show that the testing method depends on the characteristics of the each items. 71.2% school answered that they were reflecting the actual learning result to the testing data even though the 7th curriculum suggest that not only the actual learning result but also the learning process and the continuous observation of the teacher should be reflected in the testing point. 3) The factors of the affective domain As to the affective domain, 75.5% schools used the test type as demerit mark type when the learners showed the negative attitude, when they didn't try to hard, or to be lack for preparing of the class. Many schools didn't separate the test of the attitude test and skill test. They are compromising the two test. 42.4% teachers answered that they use both of them. 35.6% answered that each item should be tested separately, 22.0% answered the unified test type as now appropriate. As to the basic marks of affective domain (attitude test), 60.4% schools have not giving the basic marks and the 66.1% teachers have thought that giving the basic marks of affective domain is needless.

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