강원도 산림의 임상별, 수종별 탄소저장량 및 온실가스 흡수량 산정

이선정(Lee, Sun Jeoung),임종수(Yim, Jong-Su),손영모(Son, Yeong Mo),김래현(Kim, Raehyun) 한국기후변화학회 2015 한국기후변화학회지 Vol.6 No.4

기술논문(技術論文) : 국내 습지(침수지) 온실가스 배출량 산정

이선정 ( Sun Jeoung Lee ),손영모 ( Yeong Mo Son ),김래현 ( Raehyun Kim ) 한국환경복원기술학회(구 한국환경복원녹화기술학회) 2015 한국환경복원기술학회지 Vol.18 No.5

This study was reviewed the national greenhouse gas inventory report (NIR) of Annex I countries and estimated national greenhouse gas inventory on wetlands in Korea. Annex I countries submitted National Inventory Report which are focused on land converted to wetlands category and wetland remaining wetland (mainly peat lands) because IPCC did not suggest a formal methodology on flooded land. So we conducted a study on estimating of national greenhouse gas inventory in wetland (flooded land). The total annual CO2-eq. emission of wetland remaining wetland (flooded land) was ranged from 99.9 Gg CO2-eq. to 237.1 Gg CO2-eq. from 1990 to 2012. The CO2-eq. emissions was declined after peaking in 1995, however, it slightly increasing in recently years. The latest total CO2-eq. emission from flooded land was 117.7 Gg CO2-eq. in 2012 which was covered only 0.00002% of national GHG inventory. This means that flooded land is not key-category in Korea. We will consider an improvement for emissions of flooded land, if IPCC suggest formal or complementary methodology.

적외선등을 이용한 실외 실험적 온난화 처리가 소나무 묘목의 생장과 생리적 특성에 미치는 영향

이선정 ( Sun Jeoung Lee ),한새롬 ( Sae Rom Han ),윤태경 ( Tae Kyung Yoon ),한승현 ( Seung Hyun Han ),정예지 ( Ye Jee Jung ),윤순진 ( Soon Jin Yun ),손요환 ( Yo Whan Son ) 한국산림과학회 2013 한국산림과학회지 Vol.102 No.4

Climate change will affect the physiological traits and growth of forest trees. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of an experimental warming on growth and physiological characteristics of Pinus densiflora S. et Z. seedlings. One-year-old P. densiflora seedlings were planted in control and warmed plots in April 2010. The air temperature of warmed plots was increased by 3oC using infrared lamps from November 2010. We measured shoot height, root collar diameter, above and below ground biomass, chlorophyll contents and leaf nitrogen concentration from March 2011 to March 2013. Seedling height and root collar diameter showed no significant difference between warmed and control plots except for root collar diameter measured in June 2012. Seedling leaf biomass was lower in the warmed (23.94±2.10 g) than in the control (26.08±1.72 g) plots in 2013. Shoot to root ratio (S/R ratio) was lower in the warmed (1.09±0.07) than in the control (1.31±0.10) plots in 2013. Leaf nitrogen concentrations and chlorophyll contents were not significantly different between warmed and control plots except for leaf nitrogen concentration in 2011. Leaf C/N ratio was increased in 2012 under the warming treatment. Low growth and S/R ratio in warmed plots might be related to the higher temperature and water stress. In the future, the below-ground carbon allocation of P. densiflora might be increased by global warming due to temperature and water stress.

국가 온실가스 통계 산정을 위한 임목축적 재계산

이선정(Lee, Sun Jeoung),임종수(Yim, Jong-Su),손영모(Son, Yeong Mo),김래현(Kim, Raehyun) 한국기후변화학회 2016 한국기후변화학회지 Vol.7 No.4

실외 실험적 온난화 처리가 굴참나무 묘목의 생장에 미치는 영향

이선정 ( Sun Jeoung Lee ),한새롬 ( Saerom Han ),윤태경 ( Tae Kyung Yoon ),정혜근 ( Haegeun Chung ),노남진 ( Nam Jin Noh ),조우용 ( Wooyong Jo ),박찬우 ( Chan Woo Park ),고수인 ( Suin Ko ),한승현 ( Seung Hyun Han ),손요환 ( Yowhan 한국산림과학회 2012 한국산림과학회지 Vol.101 No.4

Climate change affects all biological processes in terrestrial ecosystems including photosynthesis plant growth and productivity. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of experimental warming on the growth of quercus variabilis seedlings. One-year-old Q. variabilis seedlings were planted in control and warmed plots in April 2010. The air temperature of warmed plots was increased by 3°C compared to control plots using the infrared lamp from November 2010. Shoot height and root collar diameter were measured in March 2011 and June 2012 respectively and aboveground and belowground biomass were also measured in March 2011 and 2012 respectively. Shoot height and root collar diameter were significantly higher in warmed plots than in control plots except for root collar diameter in March 2011 Increment (mm) of shoot height and root collar diameter were also higher in warmed plots (529±30 5.6±0.5) than in control plots (464±28 4.5±0.4). However there were no significant differences between warmed and control plots except for root collar diameter. Increment (g/year) of total aboveground and belowground biomass were higher in warmed plots (36.88±6.52 11.91±3.44 24.97±3.73) than in control plots (30.59±5.51 8.73±1.66 21.86±3.88) however the differences were not statistically significant. Higher seedling growth and biomass of warmed plots might be related to the enhanced net photosynthetic rates in spring and the extended growing season.

광역지자체의 산림지 온실가스 인벤토리 시범 산정

김경남 ( Kyeong Nam Kim ),이선정 ( Sun Jeoung Lee ),김래현 ( Rae Hyun Kim ),손영모 ( Yeong Mo Son ) 한국농림기상학회 2014 한국농림기상학회지 Vol.16 No.4

This study was conducted to estimate of the greenhouse gas inventory on forest land at provincial level. The greenhouse gas emissions are calculated according to the K-MRV guidance. We collected activity data from statistical yearbook of forestry and used default emission factors. The annual total CO2 emission in forest land was -58,711 Gg CO2eq. and the annual CO2 emission in loss such as fellings, fuelwood and fire was 19,896 Gg CO2eq. in 2011. The results showed the removals of carbon dioxide in the forest land, it’s amount was -38,815Gg CO2eq. in 2011. Annual net CO2 removal of local forest was highest in Kangwon province in 2011. Our study did not use the many statistics due to exclusion of double counting. There are need complementary activity data and emission factors, and then we will find a way to calculate the greenhouse gas emissions/removals in the near future.

산림부문의 국가온실가스 배출 흡수계수 개발 필요 우선순위 및 정량평가 방법론

한승현(Han, Seung Hyun),이선정(Lee, Sun Jeoung),장한나(Chang, Hanna),김성준(Kim, Seongjun),김래현(Kim, Raehyun),전의찬(Jeon, Eui-Chan),손요환(Son, Yowhan) 한국기후변화학회 2017 한국기후변화학회지 Vol.8 No.3

우리나라 산림 바이오매스 자원량 평가 및 지도화

손영모 ( Yeong Mo Son ),이선정 ( Sun Jeoung Lee ),김소원 ( So Won Kim ),황정순 ( Jeong Sun Hwang ),김래현 ( Rae Hyun Kim ),박현 ( Hyun Park ) 한국임학회 2014 산림과학 공동학술대회 논문집 Vol.2014 No.-

본 연구는 탄소흡수원이며 재생가능한 자원인 산림 바이오매스 자원량 및 에너지로서의 잠재량을 산정하고, 이를 지도화 및 프로그램화 하고자 하였다. 2010년말 기준 우리나라 전체 산림의 총바이오매스 자원은 804백만톤이며, 이 중 임상별로는 침엽수 264백만톤, 활엽수 282백만톤, 혼효림257백만톤이 점유하고 있었고, 지역별로는 산림축적량에 비례하여 강원도가 가장 많은 바이오매스양을, 다음이 경상북도, 경상남도 순이었다. 우리나라 산림에서 매년 상업적으로 벌채하여 제재목 등으로 이용되고 남은 목질부 바이오매스는 707천톤/년 정도가 되며, 숲가꾸기를 하여 원목으로 이용되는 양을 제외한 바이오매스 양은 592천톤/년으로 나타났다. 따라서 우리나라에서 연간 시장으로 공급 가능한 산림 바이오매스 자원은 약 1,300천톤/yr. 정도가 될 것으로 추정된다. 이를 석유환산량으로 전환하면 약 585천 toe/년이 된다. 본 연구에서 분석한 결과를 토대로 바이오매스 자원 지도 프로그램을 만들었다. 바이오매스 자원지도(BiomassMap V2.0) 프로그램은 축적, 바이오매스 총 저장량, 시업지 연간 바이오매스 생장량, 상업적 벌채에 의한 바이오매스 생산량, 숲가꾸기에 의한 바이오매스 생산량 등을 지도로 나타내고, 이들 정보를 관리할 수 있는 프로그램이다. 바이오매스 자원 지도는 시도별, 임상별도로 확인할 수있으며 이용자의 사용 목적에 따라 작성될 수 있다는 장점이 있다. 따라서 향후 본 바이오매스 지도는 산림이용 관리자들에게 유익한 정보를 제공할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. This study was conducted to assess forest biomass resource which is a carbon sink and a renewable resource in Korea. The total forest biomass resource potential was 804 million tons, and conifers, broadleaved forest and mixed forest accounted for 264 million tons, 282million tons, and 257 million tons, respectively. Proportionately to regional forest stocks, biomass potential of Gangwon-do had most biomass potential, followed by Gyeongsangbuk-do and Gyeongsangnam-do. The woody biomass from the byproduct of sawn timber in commercial harvesting was 707 thousand ton/year, and that from the byproduct of forest tending was 592 thousand ton/year. The amount resulted in about 1,300 thousand ton/year of potential supplies from forest biomass resource into the energy market. It``s tonnage of oil equivalent (toe) was 585 thousand ton/year. In this study, we developed a program (BiomassMap V2.0) for forest biomass resource mapping. This program shows the map of total biomass stock, annual biomass growth at forest land in Korea, and biomass production from forest tending and commercial harvesting. The information can also be managed by the program. The biomass resource map can be identified by regional and forest type for the purpose of utilization. So, we expect the map and program to be very useful for forest managers in the near future.

IV분과 : 우리나라 산림 바이오매스 자원량 평가 및 지도화

손영모 ( Yeong Mo Son ),이선정 ( Sun Jeoung Lee ),김소원 ( So Won Kim ),황정순 ( Jeong Sun Hwang ),김래현 ( Rae Hyun Kim ),박현 ( Hyun Park ) 한국임학회 2014 한국산림과학회지 Vol.103 No.3

본 연구는 탄소흡수원이며 재생가능한 자원인 산림 바이오매스 자원량 및 에너지로서의 잠재량을 산정하고, 이를 지도화 및 프로그램화 하고자 하였다. 2010년말 기준 우리나라 전체 산림의 총 바이오매스 자원은 804백만톤이며, 이 중 임상별로는 침엽수 265백만톤, 활엽수 282백만톤, 혼효림 257백만톤이 점유하고 있었고, 지역별로는 산림축적량에 비례하여 강원도가 가장 많은 바이오매스 양을, 다음이 경상북도, 경상남도 순이었다. 우리나라 산림에서 매년 상업적으로 벌채하여 제재목 등으로 이용되고 남은 목질부 바이오매스는 707천톤/년 정도가 되며, 숲가꾸기를하여 원목으로 이용되는 양을 제외한 바이오매스 양은 592천톤/년으로 나타났다. 따라서 우리나라에서 연간 시장으로 공급 가능한 산림 바이오매스 자원은 약 1,300천톤/년 정도가 될 것으로 추정된다. 이를 석유환산량으로 전환하면 약 585천 toe/년이 된다. 본 연구에서 분석한 결과를 토대로 바이오매스 자원 지도 프로그램을 만들었다. 프로그램 개발하기 위해 사용된 시스템은 Microsoft Office Excel, Microsoft Office Access ArcGIS, Microsoft Visual Basic6.0 이었으며, 공간정보를 활용할 수 있도록 ESRI MapObjects2.1 개발 도구를 이용하였다. 바이오매스 자원 지도(BiomassMap V2.0) 프로그램은 축적, 바이오매스 총 저장량, 시업지 연간 바이오매스 생장량, 상업적 벌채에 의한 바이오매스 생산량, 숲가꾸기에 의한 바이오매스 생산량 등을 지도로 나타내고, 이들 정보를 관리할 수 있는 프로그램이다. 바이오매스 자원 지도는 시도별, 임상별도로 확인할 수 있으며 이용자의 사용 목적에 따라 작성될 수 있다는 장점이 있다. 따라서 향후 본 바이오매스 지도는 산림이용 관리자들에게 유익한 정보를 제공할 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. This study was conducted to assess forest biomass resource which is a carbon sink and a renewableresource in Korea. The total forest biomass resource potential was 804 million tons, and conifers, broadleavedforest and mixed forest accounted for 265 million tons, 282 million tons, and 257 million tons, respectively.Proportionately to regional forest stocks, biomass potential of Gangwon-do had most biomass potential, followedby Gyeongsangbuk-do and Gyeongsangnam-do. The woody biomass from the byproduct of sawn timber incommercial harvesting was 707 thousand ton/year, and that from the byproduct of forest tending was 592thousand ton/year. The amount resulted in about 1,300 thousand ton/year of potential supplies from forestbiomass resource into the energy market. It’s tonnage of oil equivalent(toe) was 585 thousand ton/year. In thisstudy, we developed a program (BiomassMap V2.0) for forest biomass resource mapping. Used system todevelop this program was Microsoft Office Excel, Microsoft Office Access ArcGIS and Microsoft Visual Basic6.0. Additionally, This program made use of tool such as ESRI MapObjects2.1 in order to take advantage ofspatial information. This program shows the map of total biomass stock, annual biomass growth at forest landin Korea, and biomass production from forest tending and commercial harvesting. The information can also bemanaged by the program. The biomass resource map can be identified by regional and forest type for thepurpose of utilization. So, we expect the map and program to be very useful for forest managers in the nearfuture.

아까시나무 임분의 임목수확량 및 탄소저장량 추정

손영모 ( Yeong Mo Son ),김소원 ( So Won Kim ),이선정 ( Sun Jeoung Lee ),김정수 ( Jeong Soo Kim ) 한국임학회 2014 한국산림과학회지 Vol.103 No.2

본 연구는 아까시나무 군락에 대한 현재 생육지 분포면적의 파악과 임분수확량 및 탄소저장량을 구명하기 위하여 수행되었다. 아까시나무에 대한 분포면적은 1:5,000 임상도를 이용하여 추출하였으며, 임분수확량은 Weibull 직경분포모델을 이용하였고, 탄소저장량 및 흡수량은 임분수확량에 탄소배출계수를 적용하여 산출하였다. 임분수확량을 산출하기 위하여 임분 평균직경, 임분 흉고단면적, 최소 및 최대 직경 등 임분 생장인자에 대한 추정식을 산출하고 정확성을 검증하였다. 이 결과 모든 생장인자의 추정식이 분석에 이용할 수 있는 유의성을 가지고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 임지의 생산력을 판정할 수 있는 지위지수를 도출한 바, 지위지수는 16~22 범위에 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 이들을 종합하여 임분수확표를 만들었다. 우리나라 아까시나무는 경상, 충청 및 경기도의 내륙에 주로분포하는 것으로 나타났으며, 총 면적은 26,770 ha에 달하는 것으로 나타났다. 이를 탄소저장량으로 전환한 결과 2,517,598 tC 였으며, 연간 3.76 tC/ha를 흡수하는 것으로 계산되었다. 이는 탄소흡수량이 높은 수종으로 알려져 있는참나무류와 유사하여, 추후 아까시나무가 기후변화 시대에 온실가스를 저장하는 수종으로서의 역할도 충분히 가능할것이라 판단된다. 또한 본 연구에서 만든 임분수확표는 아까시나무 경영 및 관리정책에 도움을 줄 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. The aim of this study was to determine the current distribution area of Robinia pseudoacacia habitat and to estimate its stand yield as well as its carbon stocks. In order to do so, the area of R. pseudoacacia distribution is obtained based on the large-scaled forest type map (1:5,000). Also, Weibull diameter distribution model is used to predict the yield of R. pseudoacacia stands. In addition, carbon emission factor is applied to calculate carbon stocks and removals. To obtain the stand yield of R. pseudoacacia, we developed estimation equation considering growth factors of the stand, e.g. mean diameter, the basal area, maximum and minimun diameter and etc. and tested it to ensure accuracy. Consequently, estimation equation derived from all growth factors have shown significance that could also be used for analysis. Site index was also established to determine the productivity of the forestland that later turned out to be ranging from 16 to 22. Based on these results, stand yield tables were drawn up. R. pseudoacacia is widely distributed in inland areas of Gyeongsang, Chungcheong and Gyeonggi provinces which covers total area of 26,770 ha. And when it is converted into carbon stocks, it amounts to 2,517,598tC with annual carbon uptake of 3.76tC/ha which is comparable to Querqus species that is known to storer large amounts of carbon. Therefore, R. pseudoacacia is also expected to serve as a viable carbon pool that would contribute to the mitigation of climate change. Furthermore, stand yield tables, an outcome of this survey would assist not only in proper management but also in sustainable management policy of R. pseudoacacia.