안테나 및 레이다 분야 : UHF RFID 시스템을 위한 Polarization Selective 안테나 설계 연구

이사원 ( Sa Won Lee ),송우영 ( Woo Yong Song ) 한국항행학회 2010 韓國航行學會論文誌 Vol.14 No.2

RFID를 위한 다중편파 안테나 시스템 설계 및 구현

이사원(Sa Won Lee) 산업기술교육훈련학회 2015 산업기술연구논문지 (JITR) Vol.20 No.4

This paper presented polarization reconfigurable RFID reader antenna operating at UHF band. The proposed reader antenna consists of microstrip antenna with dual feed networks, two SPDT switches, a SP4T switch and 3dB hybrid coupler. Polarization selective circuit located at the back of ground plane for minimizing effect on antenna. Fixed phase shifter and impedance matching circuit were added for compensation mismatching and phase difference between two feeding posts. The switching voltage is controlled by low & high voltage using ATmega128. Through control of voltage of switches, the proposed reader antenna can select horizontally linear polarization, vertically linear polarization, left-hand circular polarization (LHCP) and right hand circular polarization (RHCP). The proposed reader antenna satisfied 2:1 VSWR at 881MHz~952MHz with horizontally linear polarization and 873MHz~959MHz with vertically linear polarization. And the axial ratio of antenna measured under 3dB at UHF RFID band with circular polarization. The proposed antenna can select appropriative polarization due to user environment and polarization of tag antenna. So it can minimize PLF (Polarization Loss Factor) and improve inrerrogation range about 1.5m to up to 3m.

UHF RFID 시스템을 위한 Polarization selective 안테나 연구

이사원(Sa-Won Lee),송우영(Woo-Yong Song) 한국컴퓨터정보학회 2010 韓國컴퓨터情報學會論文誌 Vol.15 No.7

본 논문은 UHF RFID 시스템을 위해 편파를 선택할 수 있는 리더 안테나를 설계 및 구현하였다. 제안된 리더 안테나는 두 개의 급전부를 가지는 마이크로 스트립 패치 안테나와 두 개의 SPDT 스위치와 하나의 SP4T 스위치와 3dB hybrid coupler로 구성되어 있다. 각각의 스위치 전압을 조절하여 수직 방향의 선형 편파와 수평 방향의 선형 편파, 좌수 원형 편파와 우수 원형 편파를 선택할 수 있다. 제안된 안테나는 902MHz~928MHz 대역에서 VSWR 2:1 기준으로 UHF RFID 주파수 대역인 902MHz~928MHz를 만족한다. 안테나의 최고이득은 X-Y Plane을 기준으로 선형 편파가 선택되어질 때 7.71dBi, 7.55dBi 로 측정되었고 원형 편파가 선택되어질 때 7.31dBic, 7.81dBic 로 측정되었다. 또한 원형 편파(LHCP, RHCP)가 선택 되어질 때 축비는 각각 2.01~2.83dB, 2.02~2.60dB로 측정되었고 이는 3dB 이하의 축비를 만족한다. TIn this paper, it is designed the polarization selective antenna for UHF RFID system. The proposed antenna is consist of microstrip patch antenna with dual feeding and two SPDT switches and a SP4T switch and 3dB hybrid coupler. Through control of voltage of switches, the proposed reader antenna can select horizontally linear polarization, vertically linear polarization, left-hand circular polarization (LHCP) and right hand circular polarization (RHCP). The proposed reader antenna satisfied 2:1 VSWR at 902MHz~928MHz. and it has under 3dB AR(axial ratio). Peak gain of antenna is 7.71dBi, 7.55dBi with linear polarization and 7.31dBic, 7.81dBic with circular polarization at x-y plane. Also Axial ratio of antenna is 2.01~2.83dB and 2.02~2.60dB respectively. It is satisfied 3dB axial ratio.

닐바디핀 정제에 대한 생물학적 동등성 평가

김종국(Chong Kook Kim),이사원(Sa Won Lee),최한곤(Han Gon Choi),고종호(Zhong Gao Gao),이미경(Mi Kyung Lee),김인숙(In Sook Kim) 한국응용약물학회 1998 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.6 No.3

The bioequivalence of two nilvadipine products was evaluated in 16 normal male volunteers (age 22-32 yr, body weight 57-80 kg) following sigle oral dose. Test product was Overcal^R tablet (Choong-Wae Pharm. Corp., Korea) and reference product was Nivadil^R tablet (Hyundai Pharm. Corp., Korea). Both products contain 4 mg of nilvadipine. One tablet of the test or the reference product was administered to the volunteers, respectively, by randomized two period cross-over study (2 x 2 Latin square method). The determination of nilvadipine was accomplished using a validated capillary column GC with electron-capture detection. As a result of the assay validation, the quantification of nilvadipine in human plasma by this technique was possible down to 0.5 ng/ml using 1 ml of plasma. Absolute overall recovery from five replicate analyses of nilvadipine-spiked sample were 88.4 ±10.24% (mean±S.D.) for human plasma of 10 ng/ml. The coefficients of variation (C.V.) were less than 20% and the actual concentration of nilvadipine measured by GC ranged from 80 to 99% in all plasma. Average drug concentrations at each sampling time and pharmacokinetic parameters calculated were not significantly different between two products (p>0.05); the area under the curve from time zero to 8 hr (AUC_(0→8hr)) (22.8 ±5.90 vs 22.2±6.10 ng ·hr/ml), maximum plasma concentration (C_(max)) (10.0 ±2.85 vs 9.3 ±3.28 ng/ml) and time to reach maximum plasma concentration (T_(max)) (1.2 ±0.31 vs 1.3 ±0.47 hr). The differences of mean AUC_(0→8hr), C_(max) and T_(max) between the two products (2.25, 7.65, and 10.30%, respectively) were less than 20%. The power (1-β) and treatment difference (△) for AUC_(0→8hr), and C_(max) were more than 0.8 and less than 0.2, respectively. Although the power for Tmax was under 0.8, T_(max) of the two products was not significantly different from each .other (p>0.05). These results suggest that the bioavailability of Overcal tablet is not significantly different from that of Nivadil tablet. Therefore, two products are bioequivalent based on the current results.

프로스타글란딘 E1 마이크로에멀젼이 함유된 액상좌제의 제조 및 평가

김정환(Chung Hwan Kim),이사원(Sa Won Lee),박경미(Kyung Mi Park),최한곤(Han Gon Choi),김종국(Chong Kook Kim) 한국약제학회 2000 Journal of Pharmaceutical Investigation Vol.30 No.3

The purpose of this study is to develop a transurethral liquid suppository containing prostaglandin E₁ (PGE₁)-loaded microemulsion, which undergoes a phase transition to gels at body temperature. The effects of oils, ethanol as solvent and HCl as pH-controlling agent on the physicochemical properties of liquid suppositories composed of poloxamer P 407, P 188 and carbopol was investigated. The stability of PGE₁ and release of PGE₁ from liquid suppository were evaluated. Oils such as Neobee and soybean oil significantly decreased the gelation temperature but increased the gel strength of liquid suppository due to their strongly binding with the components of liquid suppository base. However, ethanol slightly did the opposite. The pH of liquid suppositories hardly affected the gelation temperature and gel strength due to addition of very small HCl (0.005-0.01%). A liquid suppository [PGE₁/P 407/P 188/carbopol/Neobee/ethanol/HCl (0.2/14/14/0.4/7/2/0.005%)], which had the gelation temperature (34.2±0.6℃) and gel strength (31.35±4.37 sec) suitable for liquid suppository system, was easily administered and not leak out from the body. About 60% of PGE₁ was released out within 2 h from this formulation. It was shown that the release of PGE₁ was proportional to the square root of time, indicating that PGE₁ might be released from the suppository by Fickian diffusion. It was stable at 4℃ for at least 2 months. The results suggest that transurethral liquid suppository containing prostaglandin E₁-loaded microemulsion is thought to be a convenient, safe and effective dosage form for PGE₁. However, it should be further developed as a more convenient and stable dosage form for PGE₁.

클래리스로마이신 정제의 생물학적 동등성 평가

김종국(Chong Kook Kim),이사원(Sa Won Lee),최한곤(Han Gon Choi),고종호(Zhong Gao Gao),이미경(Mi Kyung Lee),김인숙(In Sook Kim) 한국응용약물학회 1998 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.6 No.2

The bioequivalence of two clarithromycin products was evaluated with 16 normal male volunteers (age 23-28 yr, body weight 57.5-75.5 kg) following single oral dose. Test product was ReYon Clarithromycin tablets (ReYon Pharm. Corp., Korea) and reference product was Klaricid^R tablets (Abbott Korea). Both products contain 250 mg of clarithromycin. One tablet of the test or the reference product was administered to the volunteers, respectively, by randomized two period cross-over study (2 x 2 Latin square method). The determination of clarithromycin was accomplished using a modified agar well diffusion bioassay. As a result of the assay validation, the quantification of clarithromycin in human serum by this technique was possible down to 0.03 ㎍/ml using 100 ㎕ of serum. The coefficient of variation (C.V.) was less than 10%. Average drug concentrations at each sampling time and pharmacokinetic parameters calculated were not significantly different between two products (p>0.05); the area under the curve to last sampling time (24 hr) (AUC_(0→24h)) (8.10 ±1.26 vs 8.22 ±1.62 ,㎍/ml), AUC from time zero to infinite (AUC_(0→∞)) (8.61 ±1.28 vs 8.84 ±1.71 ㎍ ·hr/ml), maximum plasma concentration (C_(max)) (0.87 ±0.22 vs 0.88 ±0.19 ㎍/ml) and time to maximum plasma concentration (T_max) (2.69 ±0.48 vs 2.56 ±0.51 hr). The differences of mean AUC _(0→24h), C_(max) and T_(max) between the two products (1.44, 1.39, and 4.65%, respectively) were less than 20%. The power (1-β) and treatment difference (△) for AUC _(0→24h), and C_(max) were more than 0.8 and less than 0.2, respectively. Although the power for T_(max) was under 0.8, T_(max) of the two products was not significantly different each other (p>0.05). These results suggest that the bioavailability of ReYon Clarithromycin tablets is not significantly different from that of Klaricid^R tablets. Therefore, two products are bioequivalent based on the current results.

사이클로스포린 A 경질캅셀제에 대한 생물학적 동등성 평가

김종국(Chong Kook Kim),이은진(Eun Jin Lee),박준규(Jun Kyu Park),이미경(Mi Kyung Lee),신희종(Hee Jong Shin),최한곤(Han Gon Choi),이사원(Sa Won Lee),임수정(Soo Jeong Lim),고종호(Zhong Gao Gao),김인숙(In Sook Kim) 한국응용약물학회 1998 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.6 No.3

The bioequivalence of two cyclosporin A products was evaluated in 26 normal male volunteers (age 25∼33 yr, body weight 56∼84 kg) following single oral administration. Test product was a hard capsule containing the granule of cyclosporin A (Chong Kun Dang Corp., Korea) and reference product, Sandimmun^R was a soft capsule containing surfactant, oil, alcohol and cyclosporin A (Sandoz, Swiss). Both products contain 100 mg of cyclosporin A. Four capsules of the test and the reference product were administered to the volunteers, respectively, by randomized two period cross-over study (2 x 2 Latin square method). Average drug concentrations at each sampling time and pharmacokinetic parameters were not significantly different between two products (p>0.05); the area under the concentration-time curve to last sampling time (24 hr) (AUC_(0→24)) (5034.8 ±1760.6 vs 4635.4 ±1158.9 ng ·h/ml), maximum plasma concentration (C_(max)) (1002.7 ±353.1 vs 980. 4 ±171.7 ng/ml), and mean residence time (MRT) (6.16 ±0.81 vs 5.64 ±0.50 h). The differences of mean AUC_(0→24), C_(max) T_(max) and MRT between the two products (7.93, 2.22, 16 and 8.39%, respectively) were less than 20% given as a guideline. The power (1-β) and treatment difference (△) for AUC_(0→24), C_(max) and MRT were more than 0.8 and less than 0.2, respectively. Although T_(max) of the two products was significantly different each other (p< 0.05), T_(max) might be an insignificant parameter because cyclosporin A generally requires long-term administration. From these results, the two products are bioequivalent.

평생능력개발 : 평생직업능력개발을 위한 한국폴리텍대학의 직업교육훈련 사례

김남성 ( Nam Sung Kim ),장세인 ( Se In Jang ),이사원 ( Sa Won Lee ),제창웅 ( Chang Woong Je ) 한국실천공학교육학회 2009 실천공학교육논문지 Vol.1 No.1

아세트아미노펜 액상좌제의 제조 및 생물학적 동등성 평가

김인숙(In Sook Kim),김종국(Chong Kook Kim),최한곤(Han Gon Choi),이사원(Sa Won Lee),고종호(Zhong Gao Gao),임수정(Soo Jeong Lim),박영준(Young Joon Park),이미경(Mi Kyung Lee) 한국응용약물학회 1998 Biomolecules & Therapeutics(구 응용약물학회지) Vol.6 No.2

A novel in situ-gelling and mucoadhesive acetaminophen liquid suppository was developed to improve the patient compliance of conventional solid suppository. In this study, acetaminophen liquid suppository, Likipen^R [acetaminophen/Poloxamer 407/Poloxamer 188/sodium alginate (5/15/19/0.6%)] with gelation temperature at 30-36℃ and suitable gel strength and bioadhesive force, dissolution pattern similar to conventional solid type suppository, Suspen^R was developed. Furthermore, the bioequivalence of two acetaminophen products was evaluated in 16 normal male volunteers (age 22-27 yr, body weight 56-72 kg) following sigle rectal administration. Test product was Likipen^R suppository (Dong-Wha Pharm. Corp., Korea) and reference product was Suspen^R suppository (Hanmi Phann. Corp., Korea). Both products contain 125 mg of acetaminophen. Four Suppositories of the test and the reference product were administered to the volunteers, respectively, by randomized two period cross-over study (2 x 2 Latin square method). The determination of acetaminophen was accomplished using HPLC. Average drug concentrations at each sampling time and pharmacokinetic parameters calculated were not significantly different between two products (p>0.05); the area under the curve to last sampling time (24 hr) (AUC_(0→24h)) (30.14±8.64 vs 27.98±6.53 ㎍ ·h/ml), maximum plasma concenhation (C_(max)) (3.29 ±0.87 vs 3.60 ±0.66 ㎍/ml) and time to maximum plasma concentration (T_(max)) (2.91 ±0.55 vs 2.69 ±0.60 h). The differences of mean AUC_(0→24h), C_(max) and T_(max) between the two products (7.18%, 9.58% and 7.53%, respectively) were less than 20%. The power (1-β) and treatment difference (△) for AUC_(0 →24h), C_(max) and T_(max) were more than 0.8 and less than 0.2, respectively at α= 0.1. The confidence limits for AUC_(0→24h), C_(max) and T_(max) (-0.81∼13.55 %, -1.56 ∼17.60 and -3.81∼18.87%, respectively) were less than ±20% at α=0.1. These results suggest that the bioavailability of Likipen^R suppository is not significantly different from that of Suspen^R suppository. Therefore, two products are bioequivalent based on the current results.

홍삼 엑기스를 함유한 분말주의 제조 및 평가

이사원,최한곤,박정일,김종국 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 2000 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 연구업적집 Vol.10 No.-

To develop a dry alcohol containing red ginseng extract, dry alcohols composed of ethanol, water, dextrin and sodium lauryl sulfate were prepared using spray dryer, and their ethanol contents and encapsulation efficiencies were deter-mined. An optimal dry alcohol containing red ginseng extract was chosen and the feeling for its oral administration was eval-uated. Dextrin at dextrin/water weight ratios below 1.6/1 and ethanol at ethanol/water weight ratios below 1/1 remarkably increased both the ethanol contents and encapsulation efficiencies of dry alcohols. However, dextrin at dextrin/ water weight ratios above 1.6/1 and ethanol at ethanol/water weight ratio above 1/1 slightly decreased the both parameters. It might be due to the low solubility of dextrin in ethanol and limited diffusion coefficient of ethanol to the dextrin shell. Furthermore, 0.5%(w/w) sodium lauryl sulfate gave the maximum ethanol content of dry alcohol. The more increased amounts of red ginseng extract were added, the more increased amounts of ginsenoside Rb1 but the more decreased amounts of ethanol were encap-sulated in dry alcohols. A dry alcohol containing red ginseng extract was prepared with dextrin/ethanol/water(1/1/1, w/w/w) mixed solution, in which 0.5%(w/w) sodium lauryl sulfate and 20%(w/w) red ginseng extract were dissolved. It contained the ethanol contents of 31.17±1.33%(w/w) and ginsengoside Rb1 of 243.0±7.0㎍/g. It gave the moderate taste of red ginseng extract at its oral administration with or without water. Thus, the dry alcohol containing red ginseng extract can be further developed as a more convenient dosage form for red ginseng extract.