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경화된 상아질의 접합 양상에 관한 주사전자현미경적 연구
이린,이형일,이광원,손호현,Lee, Rin,Lee, Hyeong-Il,Lee, Kwang-Won,Son, Ho-Hyun 대한치과보존학회 1997 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.22 No.1
The changes of microstructures, morphology of sclerotic dentin and bonding aspects generated by an adhesive resin was investigated. Incisors and premolars showing natural cervical abrasions were collected and conditioned with 10 % phosphoric acid or 10 % maleic acid. The sclerotic dentin specimens were then rinsed and blot-dried and applied with dentin adhesive (All Bond 2) to the conditioned dentin surface. To examine the morphologic change of the sclerotic dentin specimen after etching and bonding procedure, the treated specimens were examined by SEM. To analyze the chemical composition of sclerotic dentin and crystals occluding dentinal tubules, the sclerotic dentin specimen was powdered and examined with X-ray Diffractometer. To investigate the Ca/P weight percent ratio within the dentinal tubules, the sclerotic dentin specimen was fractured perpendicularly to the long axis of the tooth from the center of cervical abrasion lesion and then examined with EDX(Energy Dispersive X-ray) microanalyzer. The results were as follows : 1. The increased width of peritubular dentin and the depositions of the irregular amorphous materials within the dentinal tubules were showed in the sclerotic dentin specimens. 2. After the treatment of sclerotic dentin specimen with 10 % phosphoric acid or 10 % maleic acid, the lateral side of tubules rather than cross-sectional tubule openings was showed exclusively at the incisal and gingival incline of the specimens. 3. After the treatment of sclerotic dentin specimen with 10 % phosphoric acid or 10 % maleic acid, the hybrid layer was not formed evidently and the resin tag was not formed or shortly penetrated into the tubules with the thinner diameter. 4. According to the results of XRD analysis of the sclerotic dentin specimen, Hydroxyapatite and Octacalcium phosphate were predominent, however, Whitlockite crystals were rare. 5. The mean Ca/P weight percent ratio analysed from 5 fractured sclerotic dentin specimens was $2.322{\pm}0.170$ at the intertubular dentin, $1.826{\pm}0.051$ within the dentinal tubule.
주의력문제로 내원한 아동 ‧ 청소년의 지능검사 및 정밀주의력검사 프로파일 특성분석
이린아,최종옥 한국청소년학회 2013 청소년학연구 Vol.20 No.4
The object of this study is to investigate characteristics of intelligence scale and advanced test of attention in children and adolescents visiting hospital with attention problem. Using a K-mean Cluster analysis with 8 sub-scales of ATA and 7 sub-scale of Intelligence scale, we classified the attention problem group into three clusters. Then, we compared differences among these clusters. The results indicated that 1) the first cluster was characterized with average intellectual level and no attention deficit and no impulse, 2) the second cluster had a poor attention function and low-average intellectual function and 3) the third was in low-average intellectual level but no significant attention problem. This consequence argue that 1) the cluster 1 members could have emotional or environmental problems affected negatively to attention. And 2) children and adolescents in the cluster 2 could be similar to the trait of ADHD, the attention deficit is beneath under the problematic behavior. 3) People in the cluster 3 could be hard to concentrate because the task was difficult and inquired more effort to solve. We recommended how the psychotherapist can therapeutic intervention under consideration to theses three clusters. 본 연구는 주의력문제로 내원한 아동 ‧ 청소년들의 지능검사 및 정밀주의력검사 프로파일을 분석하여, 보다 면밀히 그 특성을 이해하여 임상적인 평가 및 치료적 개입에 도움이 되고자 하는데 그 목적이 있다. 이를 위해 2008년부터 2012년까지 수집된 아동 ‧ 청소년들 101명의 지능검사 및 정밀주의력검사 자료를 SPSS18.0을 이용하여 표준화점수를 얻은 후, 그에 대한 군집분석을 시행하였다. 또한 군집 간의 차이를 알아보기 위하여 군집 별 일원배치 분산분석을 실시하였으며, 그에 따른 사후분석을 진행하였다. 그 결과, 다음과 같은 총 3가지 유형으로 나뉘어졌다. 군집 1은 평균이상의 인지능력과 정밀주의력검사의 주요영역에서 평균적인 기능을 유지하고 있어, 환경적 혹은 정서적 요인으로 인하여 주의력의 발휘에 어려움을 겪을 가능성이 시사되었다. 군집 2는 평균 하 수준의 인지능력에 정밀주의력검사의 주요영역에서도 일관적으로 저하되어 있어, 주의력 자체의 발휘에 일차적인 어려움을 겪을 가능성이 시사되었다. 군집 3은 정밀주의력검사의 주요영역은 평균 수준이나 전반적으로 인지능력이 저하되어 있어, 인지적 노력을 투입해야하는 어려운 과제에 주의를 기울이지 않으려는 행동 등이 주의력의 발휘에 영향을 주고 있을 것으로 시사되었다. 또한 각 유형에 따른 치료적 개입에 대한 제언을 하였다.