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차량 결합시 충돌방지기술 적용 Feasibility test에 대한 고찰
이강미(Kang-Mi Lee),최돈범(Don-Bum Choi),허재영(Jae-Young Heo),이재호(Jae-Ho Lee),이강호(Kang-Ho Lee),오세화(Sea-Hwa Oh) 한국철도학회 2015 한국철도학회 학술발표대회논문집 Vol.2015 No.10
선로변경 및 열차조성을 위한 입환 그리고 구원운전시 열차 충추돌 사고가 빈번하게 발생한다. 이와 같은 사고 원인은 무선전호 미청취, 유도신호의 오인으로 인한 열차제어의 실패이다.즉, 수동운전시 결합차량의 기관사는 신호 유도원으로부터 정차된 차량까지의 남은거리 및 연결기 상태를 유도신호(동작, 깃발 등), 무전 등으로 전송 받아 직관적이고, 주관적으로 열차결합을 수행한다. 논문은 기존의 열차 결합시 충추돌 사고의 주원인인 인적오류를 저감하기 위한 센서, 통신기반의 ICT융합 철도안전사고방지 기술의 현차 적용을 위한 보완사항 및 요구사항 도출을 위하여, 신분당선 주식회사 차량을 대상으로 현차시험에 대한 고찰로, 상대거리기반 근접주행기술에 대한 소개, feasibility test에 대한 결과에 대하여 기술한다. Train collision accidents occur frequently when shunting and rescuing. Such incidents cause the failure of train control due to human error of missing guide signals (flag, voice or signal light). Namely, the driver of shunting vehicle drives by the seat of drive’s pants on remaining distance to target vehicle and coupler status from wayside signaling staff. In this paper, we study on the introduction and the result for feasibility test for the collision avoidance system reducing human error using senors, communication tech. in Shinbundang Gwanggyo Depot.
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발 반사마사지가 시설 노인의 자아존중감과 생기유발에 미치는 영향
이강이(Lee Kang-Yi) 기본간호학회 2009 기본간호학회지 Vol.16 No.1
Purpose: This study was done to verify the effects of foot reflexology on the self-esteem and vitality of elders. Method: A non- equivalent control group pre- and post-test design was used. Research instruments to measure self-esteem and vitality were used in this study. The participants were elderly women hospitalized in a hospital in Okcheon County, Chungbuk Province, Korea. The 18 patients in the experimental group performed 40 minutes of foot reflexology per time for a total of 12 times over two weeks, and the 18 patients in the control group received regular care only. Before and after the experiment, both groups were tested for self-esteem and vitality. Frequencies, percentages, χ²-test, t-test and Mann-Whitney U test with the SPSS/WIN 10.0 program were used to analyze the collected data. Results: Vitality of the elderly women patients improved significantly in the experimental group. However self-esteem did not increase significantly. Conclusion: Foot reflexology is effective as a nursing intervention in improving the health of elders.
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소아환자의 수술후 P.R.N 근주와 PCA의 제통효과의 비교
이강창(Kang Chang Lee) 대한통증학회 1998 The Korean Journal of Pain Vol.11 No.1
N/A Background: The postoperative pain in children and adolescents is most commonly managed by intramuscular injections of NSAIDs or opioids. This approach may result in fluctuating plasma drug levels and cycles of pain, comfort, and sedation. Patient-controlled analgesia(PCA) is a method of analgesia administration that consists of a computer- driven pump with a button that the patient may press to administer a small dose of analgesic drug. Materials & Methods: Forty ASA physical status 1 or 2 children and adolescents were divided into two groups. In the PRN group, patients received intramuscularly diclofenac(Valentac®) on a p.r.n. basis. The PCA group patients received a mixture of nalbuphine and ketorolac by WalkMed®PCA infusor. Analgesic efficacy was evaluated with NRS(numerical rating scale) and Faces Pain Rating Scale. The side effects were evaluated. Results: The patients of PCA group had less pain than those of PRN group. Complications were similar in both group. Conclusions: PCA with nalbuphine and ketorolac is a safe and effecfive methods of pain relief in children and adolescents after surgery, and is better accepted than intramuscular injections.
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이강한(Lee Kang-Hahn) 고려사학회 2019 한국사학보 Vol.- No.76
충렬왕대 고려 첨의부가 강등되고 충선왕이 즉위 및 복위 당시 밀직사의 위상을 강화하면서, 재신과 밀직(추밀) 각기의 위상은 물론 양자 간의 관계까지도 변화하였고, 그러한 변화는 당시 밀직↔재신 간 전직 사례들에서 확인되는 바가 있다. 충렬왕대의 경우 제1밀직이 최하위(제5) 재신 등으로 이동하는, 즉 고려 전,중기에도 그리 많이 관찰되지 않는 극단적인 사례들이 다수 확인되며, 이전부터도 재신에 비해 열위였던 밀직의 위상이 더욱 낮아진 상황을 보여준다. 그러나 뒤이어 전개된 충선왕의 복위연간에는 이런 사례들이 사라지고, 2,3등급의 밀직이 역시 2,3등급의 재신으로 이동하는 사례 등이 현저하게 증가해 충숙왕대로 이어진다. 충숙왕대에 접어들어서는 드디어 ‘하위밀직이 고위 재신으로’ 이동하는, 즉 밀직의 재신대비 위상이 상대적으로 ‘제고’된 듯한 사례들이 급증하며, 이런 추세가 충혜왕대까지도 이어진다. 그러다가 충목왕 이후부터는 다시금 ‘고위밀직이 하위재신으로 가는’ 사례들이 많아지지만, ‘낮은 밀직이 높은 재신으로’ 가는 경우도 여전히 적지 않게 발견된다. 14세기전반 재추간 전직 사례들에서 관찰되는 이러한 변화는 13-14세기 고려정부의 운용양상과 관련해 주목할 만한 부분이다. 아울러 당시 재신・밀직의 6부・어사대・삼사 관직 겸임 관행에도 일정한 변모를 초래했을 가능성이 높아 보인다. The Cheom’ui-bu office was demoted with King Chung’ryeol’s enthronement, and later the Miljik-sa office was promoted by his son King Chungseon. The changes these two offices went through also changed the status of all the Jaeshin and Miljik ministers, as well as the dynamic between them. The true nature of such change is yet to be explored, and one avenue we could pursue is some old and new characteristics behind the Miljik-Jaeshin transfers. During Chung’ryeol’s reign, there were many cases -unlike earlier periodsin which the Miljik ministers had to reach the highest Miljik seat to occupy even the lowest Jaeshin seat as his next post. This signifies the Miljik’s rather handicapped status compared to that of the Jaeshin figures. Then during Chungseon’s reign, such cases vanished, and more leveled kinds of transfer cases surfaced. Later during king Chungsuk’s and Chung’hye’s reign such cases would increase and even feature new cases that would suggest the status of the Miljik figures were no longer disadvantageous compared to the Jaeshins’ at all. Although during the reigns of young kings like Chungmok and Chungjeong cases from the Chung’ryeol days returned, but the trend launched back in Chungseon’s days also remained intact. This new trend in the early half of the 14th century must have affected all corners of the Goryeo governmental operations, and must be adequately understood in the near future. This article is an effort to kickstart such discussion.
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새만금지역 해상에 퇴적된 사질토의 변형 및 전단강도 특성
이강일(Lee Kang-Il),주재우(Ju Jae-Woo),이진수(Lee Jin-Soo) 한국토목섬유학회 2010 한국지반신소재학회 논문집 Vol.9 No.3
본 연구는 육상과 접해있는 해상에 퇴적된 입자가 매우 균등한 실트섞인 세립질 모래지반의 공학적인 특성을 평가하기 위하여 새만금지역에서 시료를 채취하였다. 채취한 시료에 대하여 상대밀도 시험을 통해 최소 및 최대밀도시험을 하였으며 상대밀도별 사질토의 변형특성과 전단특성을 평가하기 위하여 로우셀압밀시험 및 비배수 삼축압축시험을 실시하였다. 실험결과 상대밀도에 따라서 약간씩 차이는 있지만 새만금지역 해상사질토의 최대 압축 가능한 간극비는 0.88정도이며, 최대 다짐 가능한 상대밀도는 약 71%정도로 평가 되었다. 또한 내부마찰각은 상대밀도의 증가에 따라서 선형적으로 증가하는 양상을 보였으며 기 연구된 군장항에 퇴적된 사질토의 특성과 매우 유사한 전단거동을 보였다. This study aims at evaluating the engineering properties of very poor graded fine sands deposited on the sea. Using materials sampled at SAEMANKEUM area, a series of rowe cell consolidation tests and triaxial compression tests are conducted in order to evaluate the characteristics of deformation and shear strength by the relative density. Prior to those tests, a maximum and a minimum relative densities are obtained. As a result, it appears that the minimum void ratio is 0.88, and the maximum compactible relative density is about 71%. In addition, internal frictional angle appears to increase linearly with an increase of the relative density which is similar to that of the port KUNJANG.
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서울시 재개발 및 재건축 투자만족도 및 재투자의도에 영향을 미치는 요인에 관한 실증연구 - 공인중개사의 중개경험을 중심으로 -
이강재(Lee, Kang Jae),김재태(Kim, Jae Tae) 한국주거환경학회 2020 주거환경(한국주거환경학회논문집) Vol.18 No.1
There is the purpose of this study makes sense to analyze a factors affecting investment satisfaction and reinvestment intent in the redevelopment and reconstruction investment products in SEOUL. The analysis used 418 valid sample gathered from the survey. Basic statistical analysis, factor analysis, and structural equation analysis were performed using the program of SPSS 18.0 and AMOS 18.0. Through this study, we analyzed how external characteristics, internal characteristics, profitability, business continuity, real estate market and policy situation and investor situation affect the investment satisfaction and reinvestment intention of investment products The main results of the study are as follows First, the investor situation were the most influential factors in the investment satisfaction and reinvestment intention. Second, the business continuity were found to be important factors in investment satisfaction and reinvestment intention. Third, profitability and real estate policy situation were found to have an effect on investment satisfaction and reinvestment intention. The results of this study showed that there is a structural causal relationship between the satisfaction of use and the reusing intention in redevelopment and reconstruction investment products. Based on these results, we could understand the investment characteristics of redevelopment and reconstruction and suggest the direction of the government"s policy of stabilizing the market.
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