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Evolution of Science and Technology Policy in Korea
윤지웅 서울대학교행정대학원 2014 The Korean Journal of Policy Studies Vol.29 No.1
This paper provides an overview of the key policy instruments and capacity building policy tools used in each development phase of science and technology in Korea. In the 1960s and ’70s, the Korean government built an institutional foundation for the development of science and technology. In the later part of the ’60s, the Ministry of Science and Technology and the government funded research institute became key organizations to implementation of policies intended to foster the advance of science and technology in Korea. The Koreangovernment also focused on learning about and absorbing foreign technologies by licensing and by importing capital goods. From 1980 to 1997, the Korean government shifted its policy direction from technology learning to developing by its own scientific and technological capacity in high-technology sectors, whichrequires an indigenous R&D capability. It launched large-scale R&D programsthat targeted certain fields to close what was a large gap between advanced countries and Korea. Korea became a fast follower, making a massive investment in certain fields, such as the semi conductor, electronics, steel and chemical industries. In the late 1990s, the Korean government developed a plan to build anational science and technology innovation system. Although the relevant infrastructures had been in place for 40 years and an R&D capability for innovation was in the works, those were not perceived to be systematically working together,which is crucial for sustainable innovation. The government response to this problem was to design a policy that tried to systemize the whole process ofscience and technology innovation.
윤지웅,김은주 서울대학교행정대학원 2015 The Korean Journal of Policy Studies Vol.30 No.2
This paper examines whether aid to developing countries has achievedthe policy goals of international development, which have tended to place considerableemphasis on the improvement of governance in developing countries.Previous studies have explored this issue by conceptualizing governance interms of one aspect or by conducting micro-level case studies. In contrast, inthis paper we try to analyze the effect of aid on governance by suggesting anew conceptual framework that defines governance as made up of three parts—political, administrative, and judicial sectors. Then we analyze the effects of aidon these three sectors at macro level using a panel analysis of 90 developingcountries over the 10-year period from 2002 to 2011. We found that aid helpedimprove political and administrative governance but not judicial governance.Based on our results, we suggest that strategies for governance improvementneed to focus on public administration, since this appears to be the sector that ismost amenable to reform. In addition, considering that judicial reform requires along-term outlook to accumulate social trust, we need to put more effort intogenuinely understanding the context of developing countries and into promotingreform based on their unique historical and cultural backgrounds as well as theirpolitical and socioeconomic circumstances.
Trimerization of Isobutene over Solid Acid Catalysts under Wide Reaction Conditions
윤지웅,정성화,Tae-Jin Kim,Hee-Du Lee,Nak Han Jang,Jong-San Chang* 대한화학회 2007 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.28 No.11
Oligomerization of isobutene has been investigated using a few solid acid catalysts in order to produce efficiently triisobutenes that are useful chemical feedstocks for heavy alkylates and neo-acids. Several reaction conditions such as space velocity and isobutene concentration are evaluated, and a few cation exchange resins with various acid capacities were compared in the reaction. High trimers selectivity and high conversion can be obtained over a catalyst containing high acid capacity at low space velocity and relatively low isobutene concentration. The stability of a catalyst for the reaction is high when the acid capacity of the catalyst is high (for example Amberlyst-35).
Developing Monitoring and Evaluation Systems for Infrastructure Development Programs in Indonesia
윤지웅 한국APEC학회 2019 Journal of APEC Studies Vol.11 No.1
This study identified issues and provide policy suggestions for improving the monitoring and evaluation (M&E) systems for infrastructure investment by the Indonesian government, so that the efficiency and effectiveness of the investment can be increased. In particular, four issues are identified and policy directions are suggested for each issue, based on a benchmarking of the Korean government’s experience. First, in order to foster sustainable infrastructure investment, an integrated and strong legislation is needed for the M&E system. The Indonesian government has been running M&E systems, but they were not managed in an integrated manner, and the indicators were not clearly set up. Second, an effective M&E coordination mechanism among the ministries and governments must be in place. In particular, there has to be a mechanism in the M&E system for coordination not just between the central government ministries, but also between the central government and the provincial or local governments. Third, developing a training program for establishing and operating an M&E system is necessary. Fourth, making effective M&E tools and systems for financial investment projects in Indonesia is crucial.