통합 환경ㆍ보건ㆍ안전 경영 시스템의 구성과 발전 방향

윤주송,유호영,임정연,이강명,이은정,조영봉 한국EHS평가학회 2003 한국EHS평가학회지 Vol.1 No.2

흡연실 규격화를위한 흡연실 내ㆍ외의 공기질 평가에 관한 연구

윤주송,이은정,박준호,유철,한영선,엄민용,서동섭,최병길,조영봉 한국EHS평가학회 2003 한국EHS평가학회지 Vol.1 No.1

Tobacco Smoke is one of aerosols that disperses a minute particle ranges from 0.01um~3um and a complex mixture of over 4,000 chemicals include more than 40 kinds a carcinogenic substance generated during the burning and smoking of tobacco products. Our nation announced enforcement of public health promotion ordinance that means no one can smoke in public building. In accordance with this, It will prospect that working environment and living environment have improved, but look at smokers side of it, there are no space to smoke. The objective of this publication is to measure a degree of contamination and actual ventilation condition of smoking rooms at Seoul Highway Bus terminal, Seocho district office and Kimpo airport, and with this, to present a relevant database to prevents second- hand smoke and not to violates human rights that is to build a agreeable smoking room. The result of test is followed. The concentration of smoking room's dust, CO, CO2, aldehydes, nicotine, Volatile Organic Compounds(VOCs) is more than outdoor's concentration, sequently 1.58~3.32, 0.85~2.27, 1.23~2.00, 1.06~1.32, 9.25~13.61, 1.43~7.33 times

Malonaldehyde를 이용한 유도체화에 의한 Thiocarbamide의 액체 크로마토그래피 분석법

윤주송,박준호,최홍순,유호영,임정연,이강명,조영봉 한국EHS평가학회 2003 한국EHS평가학회지 Vol.1 No.2

Thiocarbamide is used in photography, pharmaceutical and pesticide manufacture and in textile chemicals. It is recorded on HPV list of OECD presently. But thiocarbamide is a carcinogen and mutagen and this chemical is on the Special Health Hazard Substance List(U. S. EPA). It has been shown to cause thyroid, liver and other cancers in animals. Exposure can damage the bone marrow causing reduced red blood cell, white cells and reduced platelets. Repeated exposure can cause goiter and causes reduced thyroid hormone. HPLC/UVD method of thiocarbamide on OSHA has a complex process and bad repetition. so superior method is needed. The aim of this study is making the method. Thiocarbamide and 1,1,3,3-tetraethoxypropane make 2-mercaptopyrimidine in mixed solvent(c. HCI : Et-OH :H20 = 1 : 1 : 8 (v/v)). Then, 2-mercaptopyrimidine is detected on HPLC/UVD. 2-mercaptopyrimidine's LDL(Low Detection Limit) is about 0.051 ppm(mg/l). Molar extinction coefficient of 2-mercaptopyrimidine was 29900 at 286nm in contrast of which thiocarbamide was 25800 at 208nm 2-Mercaptopyrimidine of more lower concentration will be detected , if use more sensitive detector as electrochemical detector(ECD)

2-Chlorobenzyl alcohol을 이용한 TDI의 가스 크로마토그래피 분석

윤주송,박준호,이규원,엄민용,이은정,유철,최홍순,서동섭,최병길,유호영,임정연,이강명,서종철,노재훈,조영봉 한국EHS평가학회 2004 한국EHS평가학회지 Vol.2 No.2

Isocyanates는 OECD의 high production volume (HPV) chemical list에 등록되어 있다.Isocyanates에 노출시 피부,눈 및 호흡기계의 염증,천식,기관지염,그리고 폐 부종 등을 발생시킨다.TDI의 발암성에 대해서 IARC는 Griop 2B로,그리고 NTP는 Group B로 지정되어있다.1984년 12월 3일 인도 보팔에서 발생한 누출 사고로 인해서 2,800명이 사망하고 200,000명 이상이 부상당했다.TDI에 대한 ACGIH의 TWA는 0.005ppm (0.04 mg/m3)이고,STEL는 0.02 ppm (0.14 mg/m3)이다.NIOSH와 OSHA의 TDI에 대한 HPLC 분석법은 임핀저나 glass fiber filter로 포집하는데 이 방법은 다른 물질의 간섭과 재현성이 좋지 않다.따라서 본 연구는 2-CBA를 이용하여 TDI를 유도체화 및 가수분해하여 GC/ FID 및 GC/ ECD 분석법을 설정하고자 한다.2,4-TDI는 2-CBA와 반응하여 urethane을 합성하였고 수율은 71.74%이었으며,합성된 urethane은 TLC로 확인하였다.2-CBA로 코팅된 glass fiber filter를 87˚C, 20mmHg로 lhr 이상 건조처리 하였을 때 모두 증발하였지만 urethane 코팅된 glass fiber filter를 같은 조건에서 처리하였을 경우 3hr까지 증발하지 않았다.Urethane의 가수분해 수율은 1, 3, 5N HCI 및 l, 3, 5N H2SO4에서 약 100% 이었다.가수분해물인 2-CBA는 GC/FID와 GC/ PD-ECD에서 정량적으로 분석되 었고 LOD는 각각 0.02199 mg/m3 및 0.02503mg/m3이었다.또한 2-CBA 및 urethane의 가수분해물 내의 2-CBA는 GC/MSD에서 정상적으로 확인되었다.그렇지만 GC/FID로 분석한 2-CBA의 최저 농도인 2.5ppm을 적용하였을 때 (1.5 l/min, 6hr 포집)대기 중의 분석 가능한 최저 TDI 농도는 0.00567mg/m3(ACGIH TWA : 0.04 mg/m3) 이었다.만약 좀더 감도가 좋은 알콜류를 사용한다면 GC/PD-ECD로 더 낮은 농도까지 분석 가능할 것이다.따라서 2,4- 및 2,6-TDI의 동시 분석 및 total isocyanate 분석이 GC/FID 및 GC/PD- ECD로 가능할 것이다. Isocyanate is on OECD high production volume(HPV) chemical list. Hazard of TDI are Inflammation of skin, eye and respiratory system, asthma, bronchitis and lung edema etc. Carcinogenicity of TDI are IARC - Group 2B, NTP - Group B. Isocyanate leakage accident in 1984. 12. 03(bopal, India), Union Carbide killed 2,800 man and, injured more than 200,000. TDI's ACGIH TWA is 0.005ppm(0.04 mg/m3) and STEL is 0.02 ppm(0.14 mg/m3). NIOSH and OSHA method of 2,4-TDI is HPLC method collected by impinger or glass fiber filter. These methods have a interference and bad reproducibility. So, this study find new method of GC/FID or GC/ECD by derivation of TDI and hydrolysis using 2-CBA. 2,4-TDI and 2-CBA makes urethane and yield is 71.74% and urethane is verificated by TLC. Glass fiber filter coating 2-CBA is treated in 87˚C and 20mmHg decompression evaporation more than 1 hr and evaporate entirely but, glass fiber filter coating urethane is treated in same condition have no evaporation to 3 hr. Urethane hydrolysis yield in 1, 3, 5N HC1 and H2S04 are about 100%. Hydrolysate the 2-CBA is analyzed by GC/FID and GC/PD-ECD, and LOD is 0.02199 mg/m3 and 0.02503mg/m3 respectively. 2-CBA and 2-CBA in hydrolysate of urethane are identified by GC/MSD. But, Lowest concentration of 2-CBA solution analyzed by GC/FID is 2.5ppm(l.5 l/min, 6hr collect). According to lowest analytical concentration, usual analytical limit of TDI in air is 0.00567mg/m3 (ACGIH TWA : 0.04 mg/m3). If use more sensitive alcohols, a very small amount can be analyzed by GC/PD-ECD. So, simultaneous analysis of 2,4- and 2,6-TDI and total isocyanate analysis can be available by GC/FID and GC/PD-ECD.

유도체화에 의한 Thiourea의 새로운 가스크로마토그래피 분석

윤주송,이은정,최홍순,박준호,조영봉 한국EHS평가학회 2003 한국EHS평가학회지 Vol.1 No.1

Thiourea is used in photography, pharmaceutical and pesticide manufacture and in textile chemicals. It is recorded on High Product Volume list of Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development presently. But thiourea is a carcinogen and mutagen and this chemical is on the Special Health Hazard Substance List(U. S. Environmental Protection Agency). It has been shown to cause thyroid, liver and other cancers in animals. Exposure can damage the bone marrow causing reduced red blood cell, white cells and reduced platelets. Repeated exposure can cause goiter and causes reduced thyroid hormone. High Performance Liquid Chromatography/Ultra Violet Detector method of thiourea on Occupational Safety and Health Administration has a complex process and bad repetition. so superior method is needed. The aim of this study is making the method. thiourea and 1 ,1,3,3-tetraethoxypropane make 2-mercaptopyrimidine in mixed solvent(c. HCI : ethanol : H20 = 1:1:8 (v/v)). then, 2-mercaptopyrimidine is detected on Gas Chromatography/Flame Ionization Detector but thiourea is not. 2-mercaptopyrimidine's Low Detection Limit is about 100ppm(mg/l).

2-클로로벤질 알코올 및 2,4-디클로로벤질 알코올 유도체를 이용한 TDI, MDI 및 HDI의 가스크로마토그래피 분석

윤주송 ( Ju Song Yun ),박준호 ( Jun Ho Park ),이강명 ( Kang Myoung Lee ),최홍순 ( Hong Soon Choi ),조영봉 ( Young Bong Cho ),고상백 ( Sang Baek Koh ),차봉석 ( Bong Suk Cha ) 한국산업위생학회 2006 한국산업보건학회지 Vol.16 No.3

Objectives: The objective of this study was to propose the total isocyanate analytical method which involves derivation of 2,4-toluene diisocyanate(2,4-TDI), 2,6-toluene diisocyanate(2,6-TDI), 4,4`-methylenediphenyl diisocyanate(4,4`-MDI) and 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate(1,6-HDI) using 2-chlorobenzyl alcohol(2-CBA) or 2,4-dichlorobenzyl alcohol(2,4-DCBA), and analyzing of hydrolysate of the synthesized urethane with the gas chromatography(GC)/flame ionization detector(FID), GC/pulsed discharge ionization detector-electron capture detector(PD-ECD) and GC/mass selective detector(MSD). Methods: Urethanes were synthesized by reacting 2,4-TDI, 2,6-TDI, 4,4`-MDI and 1,6-HDI to 2-CBA or 2,4-DCBA. Urethanes was verified by TLC, HPLC/UVD and GC/MSD. For field application, the most suitable condition that 2-CBA coated in glass fiber filter removed completely and urethanes were not removed was searched. 2-CBA generated from hydrolysis of urethanes according to hydrolysis conditions. Diisocyanates were collected on field air and analyzed. Results: Urethanes which were white and solid phase synthesized by reacting 2,4-TDI, 2,6-TDI, 4,4`-MDI, 1,6-HDI and 2-CBA or 2,4-DCBA. And urethanes were verified by TLC, HPLC/UVD and GC/MSD. The most suitable conditions to remove 2-CBA coated in glass fiber filter were 87℃ and 20 mmHg and urethanes were not removed under same condition. Hydrolysis yields of urethanes were 99% to 111%. 2-CBA, the hydrolysate of urethanes was analyzed by GC/FID, GC/PD-ECD and GC/MSD. Conclusions: Simultaneous analysis of 2,4-TDI, 2,6-TDI, 4,4`-MDI and 1,6-HDI deriving with 2-CBA and 2,4-DCBA, along with a total isocyanate analysis, was feasible with GC/FID, GC/PD-ECD and GC/MSD. This result will be a guide of further study on total isocyanate analysis.

Propylene Glycol Monomethyl Ether의 생물학적 지표에 관한 연구

함으뜸,윤주송,엄민용,유호영,임정연,이강명,조영봉 한국EHS평가학회 2005 한국EHS평가학회지 Vol.3 No.1

The aim of this study is to develope an analytical method for propylene glycol monomethy1 ether(PGME) and 1,2-propylene glycol(PG) in biological fluid by derivatization using benzoyl chloride using GC/FID/MSD. The detection limits of PGME and PG are 4.02ppm and 1.25ppm, respectively. Reproducibilities of derivatization of PGME and PG are 99.0±4.9 and 98.0±4.8 with 4.5%(n=5) of pooled coefficient variation(pooled CV) Benzoylation of PGME and PG are quantitatively performed by the reaction of 522nmol of PGME and 163umol of benzoyl chloride, and 527nmol of PG and 734umol of benzoyl chloride in a mixture of 1ml of 2M NaOH aqueous solution and 1ml of n-hexan. The reactions are completed within 30 minutes. The relative weight response of PG dibenzoate is 4.71 times higher than PGME benzoate by GC/FID. The formations of PGME benzoate and PG dibenzoate in spiked human urine and rat urine which were adrmnistered lml of PGME were confirmed by GC/FID/MSD. The relative weight response of PGME benzoate to PG dibenzoate of first-day rat urine is 3.01-5.50 times(weight ratio) higher, and 0.18-1.95 times higher at following day.

병ㆍ의원 화학멸균기 배출 Ethylene Oxide 가스의 통합 EHS 관리

임정연,윤주송,엄민용,박준호,이규원,서동섭,최병길,유호영,이강명,서종철,유철,이은정,최홍순,남성숙,조영봉 한국EHS평가학회 2004 한국EHS평가학회지 Vol.2 No.1

업무용 건물의 환경ㆍ보건ㆍ안전 통합관리

최병길,윤주송,박준호,이규원,엄민용,서동섭,유호영,임정연,이강명,서종철,남성숙,유철,이은정,최홍순,박광수,유재성,조영봉 한국EHS평가학회 2004 한국EHS평가학회지 Vol.2 No.1

4-Bromophenylhydrazine을 이용한 Malondialdehyde의 Gas Chromatography 분석

이강명,윤주송,임정연,엄민용,조영봉 한국EHS평가학회 2005 한국EHS평가학회지 Vol.3 No.2