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언어유형론적 관점에서 본 현대중국어 ‘S+很+A+O’ 구문의 문법 제약과 발전 기제
유수경 ( Yu¸ Sukyong ),곡효여 ( Qu¸ Xiaoru ),윤애경 ( Yoon¸ Aekyoung ),박정구 ( Park¸ Jungku ) 한국중국언어학회 2023 중국언어연구 Vol.- No.108
The ‘S+hen(很)+A+O’ structure of modern Chinese is a transitive construction with an adjective as a main predicate, and is distinguished from general adjective-predicate sentences in that it accompanies an object. According to this study, the predicate used in the phrase ‘S+hen+A+O’ is a disyllabic adjective and represents the speaker’s mental state. Compared to other adjectives, it shows a relatively high willingness. In the construction ‘S+hen+A+O’, O can be a VP object or a clausal object, and in many cases it can accompany both forms, but in some cases it can only take one of the two forms. This difference in object form is related to the objectivity of the proposition expressed by the object clause, and ultimately affects the degree of transitivity of the construction. The construction ‘S+hen+A+O’ has a higher transitivity than general adjective-predicate construction in terms of the number of participants, willingness, and agency, but the properties of adjective predicates are still the same in that the degree adverb ‘很’ needs to be modified. The construction ‘S+hen+A+O’ occupies an intermediate position between psychological verbal predicates and adjective predicates in the continuum of transitivity. The psychological adjective construction ‘S+hen+A+O’ exists universally across languages, and in particular, there are many cases in which the form is realized through a transitive structure, which is a result of the productivity and economy of the transitive structure.
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