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Development of a survivability evaluation procedure for bullet penetration into human body
윤길호,김기현,황세진 대한기계학회 2018 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.32 No.10
This paper develops survivability evaluation procedure (KUSAR ST-33 program) for bullet penetration into human body based on the AIS (abbreviated injury scale) and the NISS (new injury severity score). Depending on the energy and geometrical configuration of bullet, the shape of temporary wound cavity inside human body is different and this influences the extent of injury. First, some bullet experiments are carried out to extract representative shapes of temporary cavities according to bullet types, and three-dimensional matrix representing human anatomical structure is constructed from scanned CT images of upper body. By mapping the extracted cavity shapes to the 3D matrix for anatomical structure, volume of damaged tissues of some internal organs including blood vessels and bones are calculated. Finally, the AIS and the NISS scores depending on the trajectories of bullets and energy levels are computed with some random variation effects. Bullet trajectories and consequent damaged anatomical structure are visualized.
현장타설 끼움 전단벽 및 철골가새를 활용한 기존 학교 건물의 내진보강
윤길호,김성호,김용철,윤현도,Youn, Gil-Ho,Kim, Sung-Ho,Kim, Yong-Cheol,Yun, Hyun-Do 한국교육시설학회 2012 敎育施設 Vol.19 No.4
This study proposes a procedure for evaluating the seismic performance and retrofit of a typical reinforced building (R/C) school buildings contructed in the 1980s. The procedure is derived from the Japanese Standard for Evaluation of Seismic Capacity of Existing Reinforced Concrete Buildings and Nonlinear Static Procedure (NSP) specified in Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA 356). In this study, the Japanese Standard was applied for evaluating the additionally required seismic performance in the existing school building. Cast-in-place (CIP) reinforced concrete infill walls and steel braces were used to seismically retrofit the existing school building located in the region of Hongsung in Chungnam. In the pushover analysis, i.e NSP, the hinge properties of columns, beams, infill walls and steel braces were carefully calibrated based on the existing experiment results in the available literatures. The predicted seismic performance for the retrofitted building was compared to that for the virgin building. Based on the seismic evaluation with the Japanese Standard and the FEMA 356 criteria, the addition of CIP reinforced concrete infill walls and steel braces have superior constructablility and can improve effectively the seismic performance of the existing school buildings constructed in 1980s.
윤길호,모준수,김기현,윤충희,임남훈 대한기계학회 2015 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.29 No.9
To qualitatively understand the deformation processes and damages in the human body caused by high-speed impact, we conductedexperimental and computational investigations for bullet penetration into viscoelastic ballistic gelatin blocks. Because it is difficult tomeasure the strain rate-dependent material properties of viscoelastic gelatin blocks during high-speed impact, the material properties thatare indirectly defined by the stress relaxation test were used for the computational simulation. We also conducted some firing experimentsand analyzed the deformation processes of the structures. In particular, the passing through times and the shapes of the temporaryand permanent cavities inside the ballistic gelatin blocks were analyzed and compared. This data reveals that the employed material models,with some modifications for the FE simulation, are sufficient for predicting the high-speed impact behaviors. To investigate theshapes of the permanent cavities and fragments made by bullets inside the gelatin blocks, two-dimensional sectional images were takenby an industrial CT scanner and a three-dimensional CAD model was constructed based on these images.