초고강도 콘크리트용 고성능 AE감수제의 현황

원철,김동석,박상준,유재강,Won, Cheol,Kim, Dong-Seok,Park, Sang-Jun,Yu, Jae-Gang 한국레미콘공업협회 2004 레미콘 Vol.80 No.-

고칼슘 플라이애쉬의 특성 및 활용방안에 관한 연구

원철,이상수,권영호,안재현,박칠림,Won, Cheol,Lee, Sang-Soo,Kwon, Yeong-Ho,Ahn, Jae-Hyen,Park, Chil-Lim 한국콘크리트학회 1995 콘크리트학회지 Vol.7 No.5

본 연구의 목적은 고칼슘 플라이애쉬를 건설산업에 재활용하는 방안을 확보하는 것이며 이를 통해 자원 재활용은 물론 환경보존, 경제성, 신재료 등의 개발측면에 보다 많은 자료를 실험을 통해 정립하고자 한다. 이러한 연구를 위해 고칼슘 플라이애쉬의 화학적.물리적 특성을 분석하였으며, 콘크리트에 사용 가능성을 검토하기 위하여 배합조건별 치환율을 선정하여 각각의 변수에 대한 유동성 및 강도발현 성상을 비교.분석하였다. 또한 콘크리트의 내구성 및 탄성계수와 같은 역학적 특성도 알아보았다. 본 연구결과, (1) 화학적 분석결과, 유리석회(CaO)의 함량이 높다. (2) 모르타르의 단위수량비는 증가, 압축강도비는 규준을 만족하였다. (3) FA 30%, W/B 40%범위에서 $400kg/cm^2$이상의 고강도 콘크리트를 제조, $300kg/cm^2$이하의 보통강도 콘크리트 생산은 W/B 45%, FA50%에서 가능하였다. (4) 내구성 실험 결과, 플라이애쉬의 치환율이 50%인 경우에 내구성 지수가 증가하였다. (5) 운반시간에 따른 경시변화는 플라이애쉬의 치환율이 증가할수록 슬럼프 손실율이 감소하였다. (6) 탄성계수는 대한건축학회의 규준식과 일치하였다. The primary purpose of this study is to hvestigate reusal techniques of high calclun-i fly ash in the construct.ion field, which may contribute to the savings of construction materials and consenratlng environment. Furt.hcrrnore, it can setup material properties or characteristics requiremi for development of new materials. Firstly, chemical and physical cahraci.eristics of liigh~calciurn fly ash is arialyseti. And then, the usability of the concrete is tcsted by investigating the flowablility and strength development through parameters of various replace ment r,itios with respect to different nuxing conditions. Finally, the durability and mechanical properties(e1astic nlodulus of the concrete is tested. As the result of the study, the following conclusions are derived : (1) the quaritii y of the CaO The primary purpose of this study is to hvestigate reusal techniques of high calclun-i fly ash in the co:lstruct.ion field, which may contribute to the savings of construction materials and consenratlng environment. Furt.hcrrnore, it can setup material properties or characteristics requiremi for development of new materials. Firstly, chemical and physical cahraci.eristics of liigh~calciurn fly ash is arialyseti. And then, the usability of the concrete is tcsted by investigating the flowablility and strength development through parameters of various replace ment r,itios with respect to different nuxing conditions. Finally, the durability and mechanical properties(e1astic nlodulus of the concrete is tested. As the result of the study, the following conclusions are derived : (1) the quaritii y of the CaO

파쇄횟수가 순환골재의 품질특성에 미치는 영향

원철,박상준,Won, Chul,Park, Sang-Joon 한국건설순환자원학회 2010 한국건설순환자원학회지 Vol.5 No.1

It is necessary to re-establish the code and to control the quality of the recycled aggregate itself for ensuring the useability of the recycled aggregate using waste concrete. Generally, adhering mortar cause of the water absorption ratio increment and strength decreased at the surface of the aggregate of the recycled aggregate using waste concrete, thus removing the adhering mortar could increase the useability of the recycled aggregate in the concrete industry. In this study, as a quality control method of the recycled aggregate using waste concrete, the quality characteristic of the recycled aggregate according to the mixing proportion between the recycled and the natural aggregate is obtained Therefore, a system is established to reuse the recycled aggregate in the construction industry. 최근 천연골재의 부족현상과 더불어 도심지의 재개발 재건축 사업 등이 진행됨에 따라 발생하는 막대한량의 폐콘크리트는 현재 당면하고 있는 심각한 문제라 할 수 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 원콘크리트의 배합조건 및 골재특성이 콘크리트의 유동 및 강도특성에 미치는 영향을 평가할 목적으로 동일 배합조건의 공시체를 제작하여 6개월간 폭로시킨 후, 파쇄하여 순환 골재로 사용함으로서 원콘크리트에 적용된 콘크리트의 특성이 순환골재의 기초특성에 미치는 영향을 평가하고, 아울러 천연골재와의 혼합비율에 따른 품질개선 효과 등에 대하여 검토하였다. 검토결과, 순환골재를 단독으로 사용하는 방안보다는 양질의 천연골재와 함께 적정비율 혼합하고, 여기에 물-결합재비가 다소 큰 일반강도 범위의 콘크리트에 대상으로 활용하는 것이 유효하다는 결론을 얻었다.

히틀러의 나치즘 이념에서의 인종주의의 위치

원철 한국서양사학회 2001 西洋史論 Vol.70 No.1

Main points of this article can be summarized as follows. Until recently the appraisal of the ideology of Adolf Hitler's National Socialism was conditioned by various conceptions and interpretations on Nazism. In the 1930s and 1940s, the study on the ideology of German National Socialism was influenced by dominant Marxist conception of Nazism. It was generally seen as an ideology of offensive imperialist German big business. In the 1950s and 1960s, the general interpretation of the ideology of National Socialism was conditioned by the dominant totalitarian conception of Nazism and it was regarded as a sham ideology. And since the 1970s, a number scholars defined the National Socialism as an anti-modernist movement and interpreted the ideology of National Socialism as an anti-modernism supported by the German lower middle class which was ignored throughout the process of modernization. However, some students of Nazism are sceptical about the elevation of the German National Socialism as a historical concept. Because all of the above-mentioned major conceptions are considerably strained by the rules of historical evidence. Consequently, the appraisal of Nazi ideology has to be freed from the shackle of traditional conceptions on the National Socialism. And under the new atmosphere of the studies on Nazism some point the contents of Hitler's Nazi ideology being constituted by anti-Semitism, anti-liberalism, anti-Marxism, nationalism, imperialism, anti-pacifism, conquest of Lebensraum, and others point the central theme of Hitler's Weltanschauung being anti-Semitism and conquering Lebensraum. However, if we scrutinize the Hitler's ideological writings, particularily his Mein Kampf, we can discern that racism was common denominator in the negative Nazi ideological claims. All the ideological bases of Hitler's National Socialism were originated and, in a sense, projected from rude racism. (Youngnam University)

실물대시험에서의 양생방법 차이에 따른 한중콘크리트의 온도이력 및 강도특성에 관한 연구

원철,한천구,Won, Cheol,Han, Cheon-Goo 한국건축시공학회 2003 한국건축시공학회지 Vol.3 No.4

This study is to investigate the temperature hysteresis and development of compressive strength due to the curing conditions and to evaluate the optimum curing condition of test specimens showing the same development of strength to that of real structures in cold weather. The results of temperature curve with curing conditions in mock-up tests showed the trend of decrease plain concrete with insulation form, plain concrete with heating, concrete with accelerator for freeze protection, and control concrete in turn. The strength development of plain concrete of inside and outside of shelter showed the very slow strength gains due to early freezing, but that of concrete with accelerator for freeze protection showed the gradual increase of strength with time. From this, it is clear that accelerator for freeze protection has the effects of refusing the freezing temperature and accelerating the hardening under low temperature. Strength test results of small specimens embedded in members and located in insulation boxes at the site are similar to that of cores drilled from the members at the same ages, thus it is clear that these curing methods are effective for evaluating in-place concrete strength

레미콘 문제 발생시의 대처방법

원철,Won, Cheol 한국레미콘공업협회 2003 레미콘 Vol.77 No.-

『제 5 도살장』 : 세계와 주체성

원철 새한영어영문학회 2008 새한영어영문학 Vol.50 No.2

Kurt Vonnegut's Slaughterhouse-Five, a metafiction, is a nonlinear novel which calls the realist novels into question, It makes readers see the reality as a fabric in and through which they live. It examines the world and human subject which is constituted through ideological, discursive, and linguistic processes. Metafiction is a self-referential writing about the novel itself which exposes the limitations and contradictions of the novel. The realist novels underpin and bolster the modern discourse by interpellating individuals to the positions in the ideological practices of a society. Examining the process in which a novel is written through, Slaughterhouse-Five suggests that the novel and the world is not so much a 'work' as a 'text' which opens linguistic signs, facts, and voices up to nonlinear/multilinear crosses, movements, and collisions. In this textual space, the modern white male discourse and the transcendental subject privileged and conveyed by the modern discourse is demystified. The world and reality as constructs of signifying process lead us to learn the real condition of us in the society. Denying the linear realist narrative tradition and its presuppositions, SIaughterhouse-Five helps us to refuse the modern coercive subject and recover our own voice and subjectivity.

주변열강의 한반도 문제 협의와 을사조약

元哲(Won Chul) 역사학회 2006 역사학보 Vol.0 No.192

"The Agreement between the Governments of Japan and Korea", commonly called "The Treaty of Eulsa", was singed on November 17,1905 by Hayashi Konsuke and Bak Jesun. But it was incomplete as an legally valid international agreement, since it was merely signed by the Japanese Minister to Korea and the Korean foreign minister. The Emperor of Korea refused to ratify the agreement. Moreover, it was executed under coercion, whish could not claim to conform to the principle of international law recognized by civilized nations as the axiom pacta sund servanda requires. However, without any support from "the international community, Korea became under the Japanese control as its protectorate. The Korean peninsular at the beginning of the twentieth century was tantamount to a power vacuum. And it caused rivalries between imperialist powers interested in the region until equilibrium was established in the Far East. In its course, there were the Russian-Japanese War, the Treaty of Porthsmouth, "the Korean Clause" of the Anglo-Japanese Alliance of 1905, "the Taft-Katsura Memorandum" of July 27, 1905 between William Howard Taft, the secretary of war of the United States, and Katsura Taro, the Japanese premier, "the Kaiser-Roosevelt Understanding" of September 27, 1904 between Emperor William Ⅱ of Germany and President Theodore Roosevelt of the United States, and "the Rouvier-Bertie talk" of September 9, 1905 between the M. Rouvier, French foreign minster, and C. Bertie, British ambassador. These understandings among imperialist powers were important for the destiny of Korean people. However, most of them ignored the concerns of Koreans. Although the Anglo-Japanese alliance and the Korean clause of 1905, which allowed Japanese protectorate over Korea with the reservation of the respect of the treaty rights of other nations, was made public immediately after its conclusion, the "Taft-Katsura memorandum" of 1905, in which Roosevelt allows the Japanese suzerainty over Korea without any reservation became public only in August 1924 by Tyler Denneff, who came across it at the library of Congress. Even by that time, "the Kaiser-Roosevelt agreement", which decided to allow Japanese take over of Korea on the condition of the open door in the region and the "Rouvier-Bertie Talk", in which France recognized "Korean clause" in the second Anglo-Japanese alliance, were not disclosed.

나찌스 경제정책과 독일 대기업

원철(Chul Won) 한국서양사연구회 1981 서양사연구 Vol.3 No.-

N/A

일반논문 : 소쉬르의 언어이론과 디그나가의 아포하론

원철 ( Chul Won ) 동아시아불교문화학회 2013 동아시아불교문화 Vol.0 No.13

아포하론은 인식의 대상이 되는 존재의 범주 중 특히 ‘보편자’의 실재 성을 부정하는데서 오는 인식론상의 문제를 해결하기 위한 이론이다. 이를 위해 디그나가는 보편자를 지시한다고 가정되는 언어의 허구성을 드러내고, 그로 인해 보편자의 비실재성 또한 밝히고자 했던 것이다. 낱 말은 ‘타자의 배제’에 의해, 즉 그것의 지시대상으로 구성될 수 있는 것 외의 것들을 모두 배제함으로써, 그 내용을 부정적으로 구성한다. 따라 서 언어는 항구적이고 불변하는 보편자가 아니라 타자의 배제를 지시하며, 의미의 보증자로서의 보편자의 존재는 부정된다. 소쉬르는 ‘명명법’(nomenclaturism)적 언어관을 극복해야 할 대상으로 보았다. 언어는 세계와 분리된 자립적인 체계이며 자체의 의미작용 의 질서를 가지는 독립적 질서이다. 기호의 의미는 언어 체계 내에서 각 각의 기표들과 기의들의 ‘차이’를 통해 구성된다. 언어 단위들 중 어떤 것도 체계에 앞서 존재하지 않는다. 언어에 의미를 보증하는 외부대상 이나 기원 같은 것은 없다. 언어는 미리 존재하는 사물들에 붙여진 이름 들의 목록이 아니며, 오히려 언어의 분절 체계가 인식의 대상을 구성한 다. 소쉬르와 디그나가는 언어를 현상적 표현과 내용의 기저에 놓인 심층 적인 체계로 설명한다. 지시대상은 미리 주어진 낱말이 기능하는 방식 에 의해 구성되는 것이다. 이 기능의 방식과 그 내용을 결정하는 체계는 우리의 의식에 직접적으로 드러나지는 않지만, 언어를 통한 인식과 사 고를 가능하게 하는 기본 조건이 된다. 그리고 그것은 언어공동체의 사회·역사·문화적 환경에 따라 다르게 나타난다. 이들의 이와 같은 구조적 관점은 고정적이고 불변인 초월적 진리가 언어를 매개로 해서 우 리에게 전달된다는, 상식적 언어관에 토대를 둔, 실재론적 가정과 믿음을 거부하는 유용한 수단이 된다. The apoha theory, propounded by Dignaga, is an approach about human conceptual cognition and its indispensible means, language. The theory examines how a word refers to its object and what is the nature of the relation between the two. It is through the ‘exclusion of others’(apoha) by words that we can separate objects that belongs to the same group from those which do not, and construct a concept on the basis of the objects in the same group. Likewise, Ferdinand de Saussure, the forefather of the structuralism, maintains that a linguistic sign can be itself and have its own referent only by the ‘difference’ with other signs in the linguistic system to which it belongs. Saussure`s theory rejects the ‘nomenclaturism’ which considers language to be the list of names of things supposedly pre-existing, and regards language as an autonomical system isolated from the world. Both Dignaga and Saussure do not admit that language conveys the transcendental truth. There are no external and original things that makes words come into being and endow them with their meanings. These ideas throw questions on our beliefs and common senses which are given from external authorities and taken for granted. By foregrounding the linguistic systems and conditions, both Dignaga`s apoha theory and Saussure` linguistic theory lead us to re-examine the fictional and imaginary nature of our language and concept.