전력전달 및 분배 향상을 위한 Interconnect 공정 기술

오경환,마준성,김성동,김사라은경,Oh, Keong-Hwan,Ma, Jun-Sung,Kim, Sungdong,Kim, Sarah Eunkyung 한국마이크로전자및패키징학회 2012 마이크로전자 및 패키징학회지 Vol.19 No.3

전자 소자의 기술이 발달함에 따라 전력은 증가하고, 전압은 낮아지고, 입출력 범프 수가 증가하는 반면, 범프 피치는 크게 줄어들지 못하기 때문에 전력전달과 분배 문제는 점점 심각해지고 있다. 그동안 전력전달 문제를 해결하기 위해선 대부분 회로나 아키텍처 차원에서 에너지를 적게 소모하는 방법을 주로 연구해 왔으나, 최근 회로분야와 동시에 새로운 공정설계를 통해서 전력전달 및 분배를 높이고 발열 문제도 처리하는 interconnect 공정 기술이 중요시 되고 있다. Robust power delivery and distribution are considered one of the major challenges in electronic devices today. As a technology develops (i.e. frequency and complexity, increase and size decreases), both power density and power supply noise increase, and voltage supply margin decreases. In addition, thermal problem is induced due to high power and poor power distribution. Until now most of studies to improve power delivery and distribution have been focused on device circuit or system architecture designs. Interconnect process technologies to resolve power delivery issues have not greatly been explored so far, but recently it becomes of great interest as power increases and voltage specification decreases in a smaller chip size.

고전압 펄스 직류자극의 임상적용

오경환,Oh, Kyung-Hwan 대한물리치료과학회 1995 대한물리치료과학회지 Vol.2 No.1

수추측만증에 관한 고찰

오경환,Oh, Kyung-Hwan 대한물리치료사협회 1981 대한물리치료사협회지 Vol.3 No.-

A Study on Scoliosis Milwaukee Brace , Therapeutic Exercise -Oh, Kuyung- Hwan Scoliosis implies an appreciable lateral deviation in the spine. There are numerous theories of the etiology of scolisosis. but the true causative factors remain unknown ;thus this affliction currently cannot be prevented. Treatment essentially consists of early recognition, correction of existing curves, and prevention of the further progression of the curves . Tremendous strides are being made in the treatment of severe scoliosis but the desire for early nonoperative treatment is of paramount important. Many conservative nonoperative procedures have been advocated. Among th-em .Milwaukee brace and therapeutic exercise are the most effective ones .

저출력 레이저 자극에 의한 척수내 신경세포의 활성변화

오경환,최영덕,임종수,Oh, Kyung-Hwan,Choi, Young-Deog,Lim, Jong-Soo 대한물리치료과학회 2001 대한물리치료과학회지 Vol.8 No.2

The present study was designed to investigate the effect of low power GaAlAs laser on spinal Fos expression related to the anti-nociceptive effect of laser stimulation. Low power GaAlAs laser was applied to either acupoint or non-acupoint for 2 hour under light inhalation anesthesia. Spinal Fos expression in the dorsal horn was compared to that obtained in inhalation anesthesia control group. Furthermore, we analyzed the effect of the local treatment of lidocaine on the spinal Fos expression evoked by low power GaAlAs laser stimulation. The results were summarized as follows: 1. In the normal animals, only a few Fos like immunoreactive(Fos-IR) neurons were evident in the lumbar spinal cord dorsal horn. Similarly, following prolonged inhalation anesthesia, Fos-IR neurons were absent in the dorsal horn of the lumbar spinal cord. In animals treated with laser stimulation, Fos immunoreactive neurons were increased mainly in the medial half of ipsilateral laminae I-III at lumbar segments L3-5. These findings directly indicated that prolonged anesthesia used in this study did not affect the Fos expression in the spinal cord dorsal horn of intact animals and low power laser stimulation dramatically produced Fos expression in the spinal cord laminae that are related to the anti-nociceptive effect of laser stimulation. 2. In acupoint stimulated animals, 10mW of laser stimulation, not 3mW and 6mW intensity, significantly increased the number of Fos immunoreactive neurons in the spinal dorsal horn(p<0.05). However, laser stimulation on acupoint more dramatically increased the number of Fos immunoreactive neurons in the spinal cord rather than laser stimulatin on non acupoint. These result suggested that laser stimulatin on acupoint was more effective treatment to activate the spinal neuron than non acupoint stimulation. 3. The local treatment of lidocaine totally suppressed the activity of spinal neurons that were induced by lower power 1aser stimulation. These data indicated that the anti-nociceptive effect of laser stimulation was absolutely dependent upon the peripheral nerve activity in the stimulated location. In conclusion, these data indicate that 10mW of low power laser stimulation into acupoint is capable of inducing the spinal Fos expression in the dorsal horn related to the anti-nociceptive effect of laser stimulation, Furthermore, the induction of spinal Fos expression was totally related to the peripheral nerve activity in the laser stimulated area.

FeC₂O₄·2H₂O의 열처리 조건이 Fe₃O_4-_δ 형성에 미치는 영향

오경환,박원식,이상인,서동수,Oh, Kyoung-Hwan,Park, Won-Shik,Rhee, Sang-In,Suhr, Dong-Soo 한국재료학회 2012 한국재료학회지 Vol.22 No.11

A general synthetic method to make $Fe_3O_{4-{\delta}}$ (activated magnetite) is the reduction of $Fe_3O_4$ by $H_2$ atmosphere. However, this process has an explosion risk. Therefore, we studied the process of synthesis of $Fe_3O_{4-{\delta}}$ depending on heat-treatment conditions using $FeC_2O_4{\cdot}2H_2O$ in Ar atmosphere. The thermal decomposition characteristics of $FeC_2O_4{\cdot}2H_2O$ and the ${\delta}$-value of $Fe_3O_{4-{\delta}}$ were analyzed with TG/DTA in Ar atmosphere. ${\beta}-FeC_2O_4{\cdot}2H_2O$ was synthesized by precipitation method using $FeSO_4{\cdot}7H_2O$ and $(NH_4)_2C_2O_4{\cdot}H_2O$. The concentration of the solution was 0.1 M and the equivalent ratio was 1.0. ${\beta}-FeC_2O_4{\cdot}2H_2O$ was decomposed to $H_2O$ and $FeC_2O$4 from $150^{\circ}C$ to $200^{\circ}C$. $FeC_2O4$ was decomposed to CO, $CO_2$, and $Fe_3O_4$ from $200^{\circ}C$ to $250^{\circ}C$. Single phase $Fe_3O_4$ was formed by the decomposition of ${\beta}-FeC_2O_4{\cdot}2H_2O$ in Ar atmosphere. However, $Fe_3C$, Fe and $Fe_4N$ were formed as minor phases when ${\beta}-FeC_2O_4{\cdot}2H_2O$ was decomposed in $N_2$ atmosphere. Then, $Fe_3O_4$ was reduced to $Fe_3O_{4-{\delta}}$ by decomposion of CO. The reduction of $Fe_3O_4$ to $Fe_3O_{4-{\delta}}$ progressed from $320^{\circ}C$ to $400^{\circ}C$; the reaction was exothermic. The degree of exothermal reaction was varied with heat treatment temperature, heating rate, Ar flow rate, and holding time. The ${\delta}$-value of $Fe_3O_{4-{\delta}}$ was greatly influenced by the heat treatment temperature and the heating rate. However, Ar flow rate and holding time had a minor effect on ${\delta}$-value.

양격산화탕(凉膈散火湯)이 고지혈증 흰쥐의 중대뇌동맥 폐쇄에 의한 뇌경색에 미치는 영향

오경환,이원철,Oh, Kyung-Hwan,Lee, Won-Chul 대한한방내과학회 2006 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.27 No.4

Objectives : Yanggyuksanhwa-tang is a prescription used for cerebral infarction clinically it is known that this formula reduces body fat, serum cholesterol and triglyceride in hyperglycemia and obesity patients. According to previous research data, controlling these types of lipid is considered to decrease the risk of cerebral infarction. Based on this fact, we investigated the relationship between hyperlipidemia and cerebral infarction, and the effect of Yanggyuksanhwa-tang on hyperlipidemic cerebral infarction. Methods : We induced cerebral infarction by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in high-fat diet rats, and the rats were administered Yanggyuksanhwa-tang. Results : Infarct area and serum lipid were measured, and the level of elements such as c-Fos, Bax and caspase-3 in penumbra of infarct were expressed by immunohistochemical staining. Conclusions : Yanggyuksanhwa-tang showed neuroprotective effect through preventing neuronal cell apoptosis as well as reducing serum lipid level in hyperlipidemic condition.

정상보행과 이상보행

오경환,Oh, Kyung-Hwan 대한물리치료사협회 1987 대한물리치료사협회지 Vol.8 No.1

간섭전류치료에 관한 고찰

오경환,Oh, Kyung-Hwan 대한물리치료사협회 1989 대한물리치료사협회지 Vol.10 No.2

Fe₃(PO₄)₂ 생성에 미치는 침전제와 첨가량의 영향

안석진,이선영,오경환,서동수,An, Suk-Jin,Lee, Sun-Young,Oh, Kyoung-Hwan,Suhr, Dong-Soo 한국재료학회 2011 한국재료학회지 Vol.21 No.11

The effect of the precipitator (NaOH, $NH_4OH$) and the amount of the precipitator (150, 200, 250, 300 ml) on the formation of $Fe_3(PO_4)_2$, which is the precursor used for cathode material $LiFePO_4$ in Li-ion rechargeable batteries was investigated by the co-precipitation method. A pure precursor of olivine $LiFePO_4$ was successfully prepared with coprecipitation from an aqueous solution containing trivalent iron ions. The acid solution was prepared by mixing 150 ml $FeSO_4$(1M) and 100 ml $H_3PO_4$(1M). The concentration of the NaOH and $NH_4OH$ solution was 1 M. The reaction temperature (25$^{\circ}C$) and reaction time (30 min) were fixed. Nitrogen gas (500 ml/min) was flowed during the reaction to prevent oxidation of $Fe^{2+}$. Single phase $Fe_3(PO_4)_2$ was formed when 150, 200, 250 and 300 ml NaOH solutions were added and 150, 200 ml $NH_4OH$ solutions were added. However, $Fe_3(PO_4)_2$ and $NH_4FePO_4$ were formed when 250 and 300 ml $NH_4OH$ was added. The morphology of the $Fe_3(PO_4)_2$ changed according to the pH. Plate-like lenticular shaped $Fe_3(PO_4)_2$ formed in the acidic solution below pH 5 and plate-like rhombus shaped $Fe_3(PO_4)_2$ formed around pH 9. For the $NH_4OH$, the pH value after 30 min reaction was higher with the same amount of additions of NaOH and $NH_4OH$. It is believed that the formation mechanism of $Fe_3(PO_4)_2$ is quite different between NaOH and $NH_4OH$. Further investigation on this mechanism is needed. The prepared samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the pH value was measured by pH-Meter.

「沈黙と疲労の美学」

오경환(吳京煥)(Oh, Kyong -Hwan) 일본어문학회 2011 일본어문학 Vol.55 No.-

小林秀雄は昭和十三年十月に慶州を訪れ、名跡石窟庵を見物したが、その時の経験をその翌年に「慶州」という題で発表する。その作品には美との遭逅が作品に対する感覚的享受ではなく、それに対抗する言語の発見によって実現するという批評的な認識が示される。小林秀雄は石窟庵の美に深く感動し、それを謙虚に受け入れるが、その一方自己の精神から言語がなかなか立ち上がらないことに苛立つ。小林秀雄は「沈黙」を強いられ、「疲れ」を感じ、「不機嫌」を覚えるが、それらはすべて小林秀雄の美に対する批評言語の端緒をなす。それは小林秀雄が出発期以来堅持した唯物的言語観、とりわけフランス象徴主義の詩学を支えた言語思想と照応するものであった。この論文はその端緒の正体を関連作品の分析を通して追跡したものである。