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안성 지역 소나무 잎과 토양 중 PBDEs의 농도 수준 및 특성
여현구,조기철,천만영,Yeo, Hyun-Gu,Cho, Ki-Chul,Chun, Man-Young 한국환경보건학회 2006 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.32 No.2
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in pine needles and soil samples from rural area were analyzed in this study. Concentrations of PBDE congeners were ranged between 0.2 and 3104 pg/g DW(dry weight) in pine needles and between 2.4 and 1997 pg/g DW in soil samples. The most abundant congener both in pine needles and soil samples was BDE-209, which was related to importation and production of deca-BDE technical mixtures in Korean industry. And BDE-99, BDE-47, BDE-100 deposited in pine needles and soil samples were closely matched with the major constituents of the penta-BDE technical mixture. Those can be interpreted as an evidence that transfer of the congeners in deca-BDE and penta-BDE technical mixtures from source to pine needle and soil occurs with broadly similar efficiency. Correlation coefficient(r) of PBDE congeners deposited in pine needles and soil samples is very significant because it implies th at there has been little weathering/degradation/alteration of the congeners generated from sources during atmospheric transport or within pine needles and soil themselves.
신은상,여현구,조기철,천만영,Shin Eun Sang,Yeo Hyun-Gu,Cho Ki-Chul,Chun Man-Young 한국환경보건학회 2006 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.32 No.1
Results for the concentrations of total polychlorinated biphenyls (total PCBs) and the PCB profile with different types of leaves from four coniferous trees (pine needles) at the same sampling site are presented. Concentrations of total PCBs detected in pine needles were very similar among them regardless of their different types of leaves, which means a possibility for bio-monitoring regional contamination of PCBs. Correlation coefficients(r) of PCB congeners between pine needles were very significant (r>0.97, p<0.001), which showed that PCB congener's patterns of each pine needle were similar. Profiles of PCBs detected in pine needles showed correlation with gaseous phase PCBs in air, otherwise not with particle phase PCBs in air. Therefore, it was estimated that dry gaseous deposition was a principal pathway of PCBs accumulation in pine needles. In addition, although we analyse a different types of leaves in pine needles at the same region, they can be used to identify regional contamination patterns of PCBs for larger regions.
이성희,조기철,여현구,Lee, Sung-Hee,Cho, Ki-Chul,Yeo, Hyun-Gu 한국환경보건학회 2009 한국환경보건학회지 Vol.35 No.6
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were measured in soil samples of Ansung in Kyonggi-province to investigate concentration distribution of PBDEs and PCBs. The 10 soil samples were collected using a stainless steel hand-held corer that was cleaned before and after each sample using hexane. Total concentration of PBDE and PCBs were 2,205.3 and 348.1 pg/g dry weight (DW) in soil sample, respectively. BDE-209 showed as the most abundant congener in soil samples which was related to imported amount and usage amount of deca-BDE technical mixture in Korea. Also, BDE-99, BDE-47, BDE-100 deposition in soil sample was higher than other congeners and was related to the imported and usage amount reported for penta-BDE technical mixture in Korea. Correlation coefficient between PBDE contribution and technical mixture formulation (Bromokal 70-5DE) were significant (r=0.91, p<0.01) which suggests the influence of sources in this technical mixtures.
신은상(Eun-Sang Shin),여현구(Hyun-Gu Yeo),조기철(Ki-Chul Cho) 한국환경관리학회 2010 環境管理學會誌 Vol.16 No.1
본 연구는 소나무 잎 중 PCBs의 노출기간(1, 2, 3년생)별 침착특성을 파악하고 소나무를 이용한 장기간에 걸친 대기 중 PCBs 모니터링 가능성을 판단하고자 서울에서 자생하는 1, 2, 3년생 소나무 잎을 이용하여 대기 중 PCBs의 연별 침착특성을 알아보았다. 그 결과 총 PCBs의 농도(1, 2, 3년생 평균농도)는 2429 DW로 외국 주요도시에서 조사된 농도에 비해 낮은 수준을 보였고, PCBs homologs의 농도분포를 살펴본 결과, PCBs의 chlorine수가 증가할수록 소나무 잎 중 PCBs의 농도가 감소하는 경향을 보이고 있는데 이는 고분자 PCBs로 갈수록 가스상 보다는 입자상 PCBs의 분율이 증가하여 소나무 잎에 침착되는 양이 저분자 PCBs에 비해 감소하기 때문으로 판단되었다. 총 PCBs의 농도와 노출된 기간(1, 2, 3년)의 회귀 분서 결과, 결정계수가 0.96으로 소나무 잎에서 검출된 연별 총 PCBs의 농도는 대기 중 PCBs의 누적침착이 일정비율 진행되고 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. 그러므로 대기 중 PCBs의 장기간 오염도를 확인하기위해 소나무 잎을 모니터링 평가의 유용한 지표식물로 사용가능할 것으로 판단되었다. Pine needle samples (1 year, 2 years, 3 years old) were collected in Seoul to investigate monitoring estimation of atmospheric PCBs depending on exposure periods. Total PCBs concentration of pine needle samples in Seoul showed 2429, 1198 pg/g DW (dry weight). PCB homologs concentration of pine needle samples decreased with increasing chlorine-substituted compounds. It showed that higher chlorine-substituted compounds in existing particle phase compared to lower chlorine-substituted compounds existing in gaseous phase were difficult to accumulate lipids of the pine needles samples. The results of regression analysis between exposure times in the atmosphere and concentration of total PCBs measured in pine needles showed significant levels (R2=0.96 p<0.01), which implies that atmospheric PCBs accumulated on pine needles with positive linearity depending on exposure periods in this study. Therefore pine needle samples can be used as passive air sampler(PAS) for monitoring air contamination for a long time in different sites.
교외지역에서 소나무 잎과 토양 중 PCBs의 농도 특성
신은상(Eun-Sang Shin),여현구(Hyun-Gu Yeo) 대한환경위생공학회 2006 대한환경위생공학회지 Vol.21 No.1
This study was to investigate concentration characteristics of atmospheric PCBs in soil sample and pine needle at rural area. Profiles of PCB congener detected in pine needle and soil sample have a difference that low molecular PCBs mainly existed in pine needle, whereas high molecular PCBs were mainly existed in soil sample because of their different vapor pressure and octanol-air partitioning coefficient( KOA) of each congeners. Correlation coefficients(r) of PCB congeners simultaneously detected in soil and pine needle were significant (r>0.71, p<0.01), which showed that PCB congeners patterns of atmosphere could be estimated in using pine needle and soil sample indirectly. The contributions(%) of higher molecular PCBs(>penta-CB) to total PCBs in soil sample were higher than those of pine needle and the contribution of lower molecular PCBs(<tetra-CB) in soil sample were lower than those of pine needle, which showed that dry gaseous deposition was a principal pathway of PCBs accumulation in pine needle.