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김현동,엄미자,도현경 대한재활의학회 2010 Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine Vol.34 No.1
Objective: To monitor the changes of autonomic nervous function before and after foot bathing through autonomic function tests using electrophysiological instrument. Method: Twenty five healthy adults took a foot bathing through popular ‘foot bath’ for 30 minutes at 43oC. Autonomic tests were performed three times before foot bathing, immediately and 15 minutes after foot bathing. Sympathetic skin response (SSR) and blood pressure after sustained grip for sympathetic tone, heart rate variation during deep breathing and Valsalva maneuver for parasympathetic tone (Expiratory/Inspiratory (E/I) ratio, Valsalva ratio) were measured. Results: SSR amplitudes in one hand decreased significantly during foot bathing (p<0.05) and did not return to their initial levels within 15 minutes after foot bathing. But, blood pressure after sustained grip, E/I ratio and Valsalva ratio did not show statistical difference (p>0.05). Conclusion: Heat therapy through foot bathing in normal adults reduced sudomotor response to electrical stimuli, which can be considered as reduction of specific sympathetic nervous function. We propose that foot bathing could be promising one of partial heat therapies for pain without cardiovascular complications unlike conventional whole body bathing. (J Korean Acad Rehab Med 2010; 34: 74-78)Key Words:
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Proteomic Changes in Rat Gastrocnemius Muscle After Botulinum Toxin A Injection
한나미,김현동,엄미자,Jun Myeong You,한진,김형규,강미선 대한재활의학회 2013 Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine Vol.37 No.2
Objective To observe the changes in protein expression induced by botulinum toxin A (BoNT-A) injection and to characterize the molecular and cellular action of mechanisms of BoNT-A injection on skeletal muscles using proteomic elements as biomarkers.Methods BoNT-A was injected into left gastrocnemius muscles of 12 Sprague-Dawley rats (2 months of age) at a dosage of 5 units/kg body weight. For the controls same volume of normal saline was injected to right gastrocnemius muscle of each rat. Muscle samples were obtained at 4 time points (3 rats per time point): 3, 7, 14, and 56 day post-injection. To reveal the alterations in muscle protein, we performed 2-dimensional electrophoresis (2DE) and compared Botox group and normal saline group at each time point. Altered protein spots in 2DE were identified using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometer (MALDI-TOF MS) proteomics analysis.Results Compared with normal saline group, 46 protein spots showed changed protein expression. Twelve protein spots demonstrated increased volume and 34 protein spots demonstrated decreased volume. Among spots of decreased volume, 17 spots showed statistically significant differences. Thirty-eight identified proteins were associated with alterations in energy metabolism, muscle contractile function, transcription, translation, cell proliferation, and cellular stress response.Conclusion BoNT-A gives influences on muscle contractile function and energy metabolism directly or indirectly besides neurotoxic effects. Proteomic expression provides better understanding about the effect of BoNT-A on skeletal muscle.
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최성원,한나미,정상훈,김현동,엄미자,배현우 대한재활의학회 2018 Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine Vol.42 No.3
Objective To demonstrate the utility of Scale for the Assessment and Rating of Ataxia (SARA) for evaluation of posterior circulation-related features in patients with mild stroke. Methods Forty-five subjects, diagnosed with acute infarction in the cerebellum, basis pontis, thalamus, corona radiata, posterior limb of internal capsule, and their National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores ≤5 were enrolled. SARA scores were graded by the cut-off value of severity in dependency of activities of daily living (ADL). SARA, Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Timed Up-and-Go (TUG), and Trunk Control Test (TCT) were correlated in regression analysis with the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at discharge. Correlation between SARA and other tools was analyzed. Patients were divided based on mRS at admission (group A, mRS 0–2; group B, mRS 3–5). Scores between the two groups were compared. Results Among the subjects, 48.9% (22/45) scored above 5.5 on SARA, and even 11.1% (5/45) scored higher than 14.25, which is the cut-off value of ‘severe dependency’ in ADL. SARA showed significant value for prediction of mRS at discharge. SARA was correlated with BBS (r=-0.946, p<0.001), TUG (r=-0.584, p<0.001), and TCT (r=-0.799, p<0.001). The SARA, BBS, TUG, and TCT scores between were lower in group B than in group A patients. SARA as well as BBS, TUG, and TCT reflect the functional severity of all patients. Conclusion SARA is a complementary tool for evaluation of the severity of ataxia in mild stroke patients with features of posterior circulation.
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김현동,전동진,배현우,김종길,한나미,엄미자 대한재활의학회 2015 Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine Vol.39 No.6
Objective To investigate the changes of activation of the abdominal muscles depending on exercise angles and whether the activation of rectus abdominis differs according to the location, during curl up and leg raise exercises, by measuring the thickness ratio of abdominal muscles using ultrasonography. Methods We examined 30 normal adults without musculoskeletal problems. Muscle thickness was measured in the upper rectus abdominis (URA), lower rectus abdominis (LRA), obliquus externus (EO), obliquus internus (IO), and transversus abdominis (TrA), at pre-determined angles (30o, 60o, 90o) and additionally at the resting angle (0o). Muscle thickness ratio was calculated by dividing the resting (0o) thickness for each angle, and was used as reflection of muscle activity. Results The muscle thickness ratio was significantly different depending on the angles in URA and LRA. For curl up—URA p=0 (30o<60o), p=0 (60o>90o), p=0.44 (30o<90o) and LRA p=0.01 (30o<60o), p=0 (60o>90)o, p=0.44 (30o>90o), respectively, by one-way ANOVA test—and for leg raise—URA p=0 (30o<60o), p=0 (60o<90o), p=0 (30o<90o) and LRA p=0.01 (30o<60o), p=0 (60o<90o), p=0 (30o<90o), respectively, by one-way ANOVA test—exercises, but not in the lateral abdominal muscles (EO, IO, and TrA). Also, there was no significant difference in the muscle thickness ratio of URA and LRA during both exercises. In the aspect of muscle activity, there was significant difference in the activation of RA muscle by selected angles, but not according to location during both exercises. Conclusion According to this study, exercise angle is thought to be an important contributing factor for strengthening of RA muscle; however, both the exercises are thought to have no property of strengthening RA muscle selectively based on the location.
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