한국기업의 사회적 성과와 경제적 성과와의 관계

안태혁 한국창업학회 2015 한국창업학회 Conferences Vol.2015 No.1

기업의 사회적 책임이 기업이미지 및 고객시민행동에 미치는 영향: 일본 대학생 대상으로

안태혁,박봉규 한국디지털정책학회 2019 디지털융복합연구 Vol.17 No.6

본 연구에서는 일본 기업의 사회적 책임(CSR) 현황을 알아보고 CSR과 관련한 시사점을 제시하기 위하여 CSR을 구성하는 요소들이 기업이미지, 그리고 고객만족과 고객시민행동에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지에 대해 검증하였다. 가설검증을 위해 일본 휴대폰 단말기 시장 점유율 Top 4 인 애플, 소니, 샤프, 쿄세라의 휴대폰을 사용하는 대학생들을 대상으로 설문조사를 시행하여 294부를 대상으로 구조방정식모형 분석을 활용하였다. 분석 결과, 기업의 사회적 책임에서는 네 요인, 경제적 책임, 법적 책임, 윤리적 책임, 자선적 책임이 도출되었으며 윤리적 책임 요인을 제외한 나머지 세 요인은 기업이미지에 긍정적 영향을 미치는 것으로 검증되었다. 또한 기업이미지는 고객만족과 고객시민행동에 모두 긍정적 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 시사점으로 일본 기업들은 관련 이해관계자들의 CSR에 대한 이해를 돕고 소비자들이 공감할 수 있는 CSR의 수준을 향상시킬 수 있도록 CSR에 대한 체계적인 방안들을 강구할 필요가 있을 것이다 The purpose of this study examines the effects of corporate CSR on corporate image, customer satisfaction, and customer citizenship behavior in order to provide implications for CSR. To verify hypotheses, we conducted a questionnaire survey on university students using Apple, Sony, Sharp, and Kyocera mobile phones, and used structural equation model analysis for 294 units. As a result, four factors, economic responsibility, legal responsibility, ethical responsibility and philanthropic responsibility were derived from corporate social responsibility, and all three factors except for ethical responsibility factors were proved to have a positive effect on corporate image. In addition, corporate image has a positive effect on customer satisfaction and customer civic behavior. As an implication, Japanese companies will need to take a systematic approach to CSR to help them understand their CSR and improve the level of CSR they can sympathize with.

CSR 구성요인이 기업이미지를 통해 고객만족과 고객시민행동에 미치는 영향

안태혁,정영주 한국디지털정책학회 2021 디지털융복합연구 Vol.19 No.11

기업의 사회적 책임이 고객만족과 고객시민행동에 미치는 영향 : 기업이미지와 CSV의 매개효과

안태혁,박봉규 한국디지털정책학회 2017 디지털융복합연구 Vol.15 No.4

韓國の社會的企業の現狀に關する一考察-社會的企業の槪念に關する檢討を中心に-

안태혁 한국일본근대학회 2015 일본근대학연구 Vol.0 No.47

本稿は、社會的企業の槪念に關する檢討を中心にし、韓國における社會的企業の現狀について一考察するものである。社會的企業は、多樣な社會的課題の解決を主な目的とし、「社會性」と「營利性」の兩立を志向する組織體として定義されることが多い。そこでまず、アメリカとヨ-ロッパを中心として行われてきた社會的企業の槪念に關する先行硏究を檢討し、なぜ社會的企業の槪念を規定することがなかなか困難であるのか、ということについて考察した。その後、山本安次郞(1964)の「經營體3要素論」に基づき、社會的企業の槪念の基礎に關する理論を提示した。それは、「企業」の投資對象であり「經營」の行爲對象である「事業」に重点を置く、いわゆる「事業經營」を通じて社會のニ-ズに應答していくということである。以上のような理論硏究に基づき、韓國の社會的企業の現狀を考察したが、本稿では主に韓國の「社會的企業育成政策」に焦点を合わせている。韓國の社會的企業育成法は、主に貧困問題と失業問題を解消するための社會政策の一環であり、とりわけ、社會的疎外階層を包攝しようとするものである。しかし、そこにはいくつかの問題点もある。例えば、①NPOから提示された內容が條文に含まれていないこと、②今の社會的企業の認證制度は結局、政府の政策と關連性が高い事業のみをその對象にする可能性が高いこと、などが擧げられる。つまり、韓國の社會的企業育成法に基づく社會的企業の槪念には、經濟的價値を生まない社會的目的はそもそもその選擇對象とならないという意味が含まれていると考えられるので、社會的價値の創造には限界があるといえよう。 This study discusses the present status of social enterprises in South Korea, particularly with respect to the concepts that define a social enterprise. Social enterprises are often defined as organizations that are founded with the primary purpose of solving diverse social issues and that are oriented toward Sociality and Commerciality. First, the essay examines the American and European research literature on the concept of social enterprise and discusses the reasons that it is challenging to establish a precise definition of social enterprise. Then, it presents arguments about the basic concepts used to define a social enterprise based on Yamamoto’s (1964) theory that management is comprised of three elements. The claim is that social enterprises focus on Businesses, in which Enterprises invest and on behalf of which Management operates and responds to social needs through so.called Business Management. Based on the above theoretical research, the essay focuses primarily on South Korea’s Social Enterprise Promotion Act. The Social Enterprise Promotion Act is part of South Korea’s strategy to solve the problems related to poverty and unemployment with the aim of increasing the social inclusion of the poorest segments into mainstream society. However, there are problems with the Act; for example, (1) it has no provisions for incorporating content presented by NPOs and (2) under the present social enterprise certification system, only businesses that are closely related to the government’s strategy have a good chance of being certified. The concept of social enterprise that is upheld by South Korea’s Social Enterprise Promotion Act is defined such that social objectives that do not generate economic value are not viable candidates for selection, which arguably limits the scope of the criteria of social value.

교류전기철도 전차선로 설비에 낙뢰 유입시 과도특성 해석

안태혁,창상훈 한국철도학회 2022 한국철도학회논문집 Vol.25 No.5

In this paper, two cases of earth resistivity of 100 and 1000 (Ω·m) were analyzed for the analysis of transient characteristics when lightning strikes the AC electric railway catenary facilities. Using the EMTP program, analysis conditions are the presence or absence of an overhead ground wire and the length of the grounding lead wire. It is assumed that the time for the lightning current to rise to the peak point is 1 (μs) and the time to fall to the 50% point of the peak is 70(μs). The simulation analyzed whether insulator flashover [insulator's lightning impulse withstand voltage 250(kV)] occurred while varying the peak value of the lightning current. As a result of the analysis, the minimum flashover current was 19(kA) when the ground resistivity is 100(Ω·m), the overhead ground wire is installed, and the length of the grounding lead wire is 6(m), the flashover current was 16(kA) when the overhead ground wire is not installed.

企業の社会的責任論に関する学史的一考察‒CSRの概念的基礎‒

안태혁 한국일본근대학회 2019 일본근대학연구 Vol.0 No.65

In this paper, takes up the main CSR theories that have been conducted so far, and examines the current state of CSR concepts and issues. First, we will focus on the concept of “social” in previous research and consider the basic concept of CSR. Second, we will consider stockholder-like corporate views and stakeholder-like corporate views in CSR, based on the contrast between CSR negatives and positives generally discussed in conventional CSR theory. And third, I will outline the concept of CSR in Barnard’s theory of business and show the conceptual basis of CSR based on that. As a result, “business management” is the stage of responsibility based on “organizational morality” while responding to individual morality and social morality by Barnard. That is the ideal way (internal aspect) of CSR that aims at management development and management innovation that goes beyond conventional CSR management and CSR research (external aspect). In a pluralistic modern society, “decision-making responsibilities” for “effectiveness (job responsibility)” and “efficiency (correspond responsibility)” based on “morality (moral social responsibility)” are the conceptual basis of CSR. There are various approaches to CSR, but the interpretation of the purpose and content is not unambiguous. Regardless of Barnard’s original intention, the theory itself presented is useful, so I would like to appreciate it in showing the conceptual basis of CSR. However, further research is required to capture the essential aspects of Barnard’s organizational moral concept and cooperative system concept in CSR. 本稿では今まで行われてきた主要なCSR論を取り上げ、その基本的性格を明らかにすべく、CSR概念の現状と課題について考察する。第1に、 先行研究における「社会的」という概念に焦点を合わせ、基本的なCSR概念について検討する。第2に、従来のCSR論において一般的に議論されてきたCSR否定論と肯定論という対比図式に基づき、CSRにおけるストックホルダー的企業観とステイクホルダー的企業観について考察する。そして第3に、バーナードの経営学説からみるCSR概念を概観し、それに基づくCSRの概念的基礎を示す。 その結果、バーナードの言う個人道徳・社会道徳に応えつつしかも「組織道徳」に基づいた責任の段階のことが「事業経営」であり、従来のCSR経営やCSR研究(外在的側面)を超えるような経営発展・経営革新を目標とするCSRのあり方(内在的側面)であると捉えた。 流動的かつ多元的な現代社会においては「道徳性(道徳的社会的責任)」に基づき、「有効性(職務責任)」と「能率(対応責任)」を図る「意思決定責任」こそ、CSRの概念的基礎と捉えることができたのである。 CSRに関する多様なアプローチが存在するとしても、その目的と内容に対する解釈は一義的ではない。しかし、もともとバーナード本人の意図がどうであれ、提示される理論そのものが有用である以上、CSRの概念的基礎を示す上で高く評価したい。ただ、CSRにおけるバーナードの組織道徳概念や協働システム概念における本質的側面を捉えるためには、さらなる研究が求められる。

CSRはどう捉えるべきか‒日・韓比較の観点からみた現状認識と課題‒

안태혁,崔勝淏 한국일본근대학회 2019 일본근대학연구 Vol.0 No.63

In this paper, we once again think that we should ask about “what is CSR”. While reviewing the general theory of CSR in the world, the purpose of this paper is to step in deeply on how to grasp and how to think about CSR, with reference to its deployment, actual situation and characteristics of Japan and Korea It was in order to organize the issues. As mentioned above, it can be said that as a characteristic of Korea’s CSR, it has been developed as a social contribution activity centering on South Korea’s large conglomerates. And it can be said that the characteristics of social contribution activities of such Korean companies are characterized by many forms of “donation” that directly supports funds. Meanwhile, since Japan’s CSR is government-centered CSR (here, GSR) as mentioned above, Japan’s CSR has become increasingly important not only for enterprises, but also for policy- Pointed out that the emphasis has been placed on it. However, what we can say through the analysis of this paper is that CSR must be dominated by companies. The CSR should be tailored to the company’s purpose. And that simple and passive “donation” centered CSR as seen in Korea has problems. We point out that there is a problem with government-led CSR as well as corporate-led as seen in Japan, and from the CSR of the future, we point out that future CSR needs to be promoted in the direction to strengthen employment and labor CSR, cherishing “people”, and to give freedom and choices by companies. 本稿では、改めて「CSRとは何か」について問い直すべきと考えている。本稿の目的は、世の中のCSRの一般論を確認しつつ、日本と韓国におけるその展開と実態、そして特徴などを参考にした上で、CSRをどう捉えるべきか、どうあるべきかについて、深く踏み込んだ論点を整理することにあった。 ここで分析した結果、次のことが分かった。韓国のCSRの特徴は、財閥大企業を中心とした社会貢献活動として展開してきたこと。そしてこのような韓国企業の社会貢献活動の特徴は、直接的に資金を支援する「寄付」の形式が多いのがその特徴であると言える。一方、日本のCSRは政府中心のCSR(ここでは、GSR)であるため、企業ではなく、政府レベルの政策立案が先に進行したことによって、環境CSRにその重点が置かれてきたことが分かった。 しかし、本稿の分析を通じて言えることは、CSRは企業が主体でなければならないこと。CSRは企業の目的論と合致した形で展開すべきであること。そして韓国で見られるような単純で消極的な「寄付」中心のCSRには問題があること。日本で見られるような政府主導のCSRにもまた問題があることなどを指摘した。今後のCSRは、「人」を大切にすること、雇用と労働のCSRを強化する方向で進められる必要があること、そして企業側により自由度と選択肢を与えることが重要であると主張した。

ESG経営の概念に関する一考察‒CSP研究の課題を手がかりとして‒

안태혁 한국일본근대학회 2023 일본근대학연구 Vol.- No.81

ESG経営というのはESG投資を意識し対応するものに近いといえるが、その概念自体が曖昧な状態のまま使われている傾向がある。そこで本稿では、既存のCSP研究(Corporate Social Performance)を手がかりとしてESG経営の概念はどのような意味を持っており、どのような課題を持っているのかについて研究してみる。そもそも規範的な性格が強いといわれる既存のCSR論を実践的に役に立てるようなものとして理論展開したのがCSP研究であった。CSP研究の特徴は、社会的応答(social responsiveness)という概念を導入し、具体的な政策を提示することによって単なる概念的議論に陥る傾向にあった従来のCSR論を行為のレベルへ展開させたことである。しかし、その実行方法よりはむしろ理論研究の提供を主な目的としているような点、そして定まった目標を実現するための適切な戦略と手段をどのように開発するかのようなガイダンスがなされていない点がその課題である。 CSPの先行研究を中心に検討してみれば、 機関投資家の意思決定プロセスに財務情報に加えて環境(E)・社会(S)・ガバナンス(G)の視点を反映させるためのガイドラインである「責任投資原則(PRI)」ガイドラインの制定は、CSP研究の限界および課題であったのを具体的に実行させるための試みではないかと考えられる。そして、その実践方法の一環がESG経営であるといえよう。最後に、以上のような研究の結果、そもそもESGという概念は既存のCSRの特定部分に焦点を合わせている概念であり、ESG経営という概念は、既存のCSR経営の特定部分に焦点を合わせたものであるといえよう。

기업의 문화마케팅 활동이 긍정적 감정을 통해 고객만족과 고객시민행동에 미치는 영향

안태혁(Tae-Hyuk Ahn) 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회 2019 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회논문지 Vol.13 No.1

본 연구에서는 기업의 문화마케팅 활동이 긍정적 감정이라는 변수를 통해 고객만족과 고객시민행동에 미치는 영향에 대해 알아보고자 실증분석을 실시하였다. 본 연구를 위해 기업의 문화마케팅 활동을 경험한 고객들을 대상으로 조사를 진행하였으며, 이를 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 문화마케팅 활동의 4가지 요인 중 문화판촉 요인을 제외한 문화지원, 문화연출, 문화기업 이상 3가지 요인이 소비자의 긍정적 감정에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 긍정적 감정은 결과적으로 제품과 서비스에 대한 고객만족에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 긍정적 감정은 자발적인 고객시민행동에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 결과적으로 문화라는 개념을 광고수단의 일환으로 활용하는 차원을 넘어서서 문화 활동의 전개, 문화 기반의 제품과 서비스의 차별화, 문화를 강조하는 기업문화의 형성 등을 실천하는 기업들의 마케팅 활동이 소비자들의 긍정적 감정의 형성으로 이어진다는 것을 알 수 있다. 그리고 인지적 반응과 정서적 반응을 기반으로 하는 긍정적 감정은 제품과 서비스에 대한 고객만족으로까지 이어질 가능성이 크며, 더 나아가 공동의 가치 창출을 위해 때로는 해당 기업의 대변인, 도우미와 같은 역할을 자발적으로 실행하는 고객시민행동으로 이어질 가능성이 높다는 것을 알 수 있다. 본 연구결과를 바탕으로 국내 기업의 관계자들은 문화마케팅에 대한 본질적인 개념을 기반으로 혁신적인 시각과 지속적인 활동을 이어나감으로써 고객 확보와 경쟁우위 구축에 힘써야 할 것이다. In this study, we conducted an empirical analysis to examine the effects of corporate cultural marketing activities on customer satisfaction and customer citizenship behavior through positive emotion variables. For this study, we conducted a survey on customers who have experienced cultural marketing activities of companies. The results are as follows. First, among the four factors of culture marketing activities, ‘sponsorship’,‘synthesis’,‘style’, and other factors excluding ‘sales’ factors influenced positive emotion. Second, positive emotion have a positive effect on customer satisfaction with products and services. Third, positive emotion affect voluntary customer citizenship behavior. As a result, it can be seen that the marketing activities of companies practicing cultural activities, differentiation of products and services based on culture, and formation of corporate culture emphasizing culture lead to positive emotion of customer. In addition, positive emotion are likely to lead to customer satisfaction with products and services, and furthermore, in order to create common value, it is sometimes possible to lead to customer citizenship behavior that voluntarily perform the same role as the company"s spokesperson have. Based on the results of this study, it is necessary for domestic stakeholder to engage in innovative perspectives and ongoing activities based on the essential concepts of cultural marketing to secure customer and build competitive advantage.