아시아 수출용 한국산 ‘Shine Muscat’ 포도의 병해 방제력 개발

안순영,김승희,최철,윤해근 한국국제농업개발학회 2021 韓國國際農業開發學會誌 Vol.33 No.1

아시아 주요국으로 ‘Shine Muscat’ 포도를 수출하기 위하여 수출대상국의 농약잔류허용기준(MRL)에 적합하며 안정적이고 우수한 품질의 포도를 생산할 수 있는 포도 병해 방제력을 개발하고자 하였다. 경북 경산과 상주 지역의 간이비가림시설에서 재배되는 ‘Shine Muscat’ 포장에서 수출 대상국에서 허용 된 약제 중에서 포도 재배에 많이 사용되는 살균제를 선발하였고, 재배 기간 동안의 병해 발생을 방제하기 위하여 개화전부터 성숙기까지 10-11회 살포하였다. 2년에 걸쳐 약제를 살포하고 수확 전 병해 발생 여부를 조사하고 수확 후에는 과실의 품질 특성과 잔류 농약을 분석하였다. 갈색무늬병, 노균병, 탄저병이 발생하였으며, 2019년 2번 처리구에서 전체적으로 82% 이상의 방제가를 나타내었다. 과실 품질 특성은 지역별로 약간의 차이를 나타냈고 모든 처리구에서 농약 잔류량은 0.00-0.20 mg/kg 수준으로 주요 수출국의 MRL 이하로 검출되었다. 본 연구에서는 최근 수출량이 증가하는 ‘Shine Muscat’ 포도 재배에 활용할 수 있으며 안전한 수출용 포도를 생산할 수 있는 병해 방제력을 개발하였으며, 국내의 포도 수출 농가에 도움이 될 것으로 생각된다. In order to increase the export of grapes produced in Korea to Asian countries, we designed a preliminary spray calendar to control diseases in ‘Shine Muscat’ grapes based on maximum residue levels (MRLs) provided by the importing countries. Fungicides were sprayed on the vines from the pre-bloom to ripening stages from 2018 to 2019. There was a greater than 82% control value of leaf spot, downy mildew, and ripe rot in treatment 2 (tebuconazole, fenhexamid+tebuconazole, difenoconazole, azoxystrobin+difenoconazole, azoxystrobin, trifloxystrobin, dimethomorph+pyraclostrobin, pyraclostrobin+tebuconazole, dimethomorph, and iprodione) in 2019. There was no inhibition of development and ripening in fruits by treatment with fungicides. The pesticide residues in all treatments were detected at a level of 0.00-0.20 mg/kg below the MRLs. An optimum application of selected chemicals in vineyards in this study can provide a very useful guideline in the efficient spray system to produce safe grapes acceptable for grape importing countries and to promote the export of Korean ‘Shine Muscat’ grapes to foreign countries.

연구보문 : 자연과학 ; 포도 새눈무늬병과 줄기혹병에 대한 새머루의 방어관련 유전자 발현 분석

안순영,김선애,김승희,윤해근 韓國國際農業開發學會 2012 韓國國際農業開發學會誌 Vol.24 No.4

To collect useful genetic resources and information for disease resistant grape breeding from Korean wild grape, various genes related with defense responses were screened for their differential expressions in Vitis flexuosa grapevines against Elsinoe ampelina and Rhizobium vitis. The expressions of plant defense-related genes such as thaumatin-like protein (TLP), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), chalcone synthesis (CHS), protein kinase regulator (14-3-3), and a-glucanase- like protein (Glu), and signal transduction-related genes such as leucine reach-repeat (LRR) and lipoxygenase (LOX), and cell wall modification-related gene such as polygalacturonase-inhibiting protein (PGIP) were induced by E. ampelina inoculation. WRKY transcription factor 10 (WRKY), fatty acid elongase (FAE), tonoplast intrinsic protein (TIP), and meiosis 5 (Mei5) were up-regulated and proline- rich protein (PRPs) were down-regulated by both inoculation of spores and treatment of culture filtrates (CF) of E. ampelina. Among 15 up-regulated genes, LRR, LOX, TLP, and GST were specifically up-regulated by spore inoculation than CF treatment. On the contrary, CHS and TIP were highly upregulated by CF treatment than spore inoculation of E. ampelina. While LRR, CLP, LOX, TLP, GPX, 14-3-3, GST, PGIP, FAE, TIP, Glu, Mei5, and WRKY were up-regulated, CHS and PRPs were downregulated by R. vitis inoculation. The defense genes related with active oxygen species such as GPX and GST were highly activated in grapevine leaves with inoculated R. vitis.

Differential Expression Screening of Defense Related Genes in Vitis flexuosa Grapevine against Elsinoe ampelina and Rhizobium vitis

안순영,김선애,김승희,윤해근 한국국제농업개발학회 2012 韓國國際農業開發學會誌 Vol.24 No.4

To collect useful genetic resources and information for disease resistant grape breeding from Korean wild grape, various genes related with defense responses were screened for their differential expressions in Vitis flexuosa grapevines against Elsinoe ampelina and Rhizobium vitis. The expressions of plant defense-related genes such as thaumatin-like protein (TLP), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), chalcone synthesis (CHS), protein kinase regulator (14-3-3), and â-glucanase-like protein (Glu), and signal transduction-related genes such as leucine reach-repeat (LRR) and lipoxygenase (LOX), and cell wall modification-related gene such as polygalacturonase-inhibiting protein (PGIP) were induced by E. ampelina inoculation. WRKY transcription factor 10 (WRKY), fatty acid elongase (FAE), tonoplast intrinsic protein (TIP), and meiosis 5 (Mei5) were up-regulated and proline-rich protein (PRPs) were down-regulated by both inoculation of spores and treatment of culture filtrates (CF) of E. ampelina. Among 15 up-regulated genes, LRR, LOX, TLP, and GST were specifically up-regulated by spore inoculation than CF treatment. On the contrary, CHS and TIP were highly upregulated by CF treatment than spore inoculation of E. ampelina. While LRR, CLP, LOX, TLP, GPX, 14-3-3, GST, PGIP, FAE, TIP, Glu, Mei5, and WRKY were up-regulated, CHS and PRPs were downregulated by R. vitis inoculation. The defense genes related with active oxygen species such as GPX and GST were highly activated in grapevine leaves with inoculated R. vitis.

Characterization of stilbene synthase genes by comparative genome sequencing of Vitis flexuosa with high contents of stilbene compounds to Vitis vinifera genome

안순영,Kim Seon Ae,Jo Sung Hwan,최도일,윤해근 한국원예학회 2023 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.64 No.2

Grapevine is an economically important fruit crop with high secondary metabolite content. The stilbene contents in ripe berries were signifi cantly higher in Vitis fl exuosa than in ‘Pinot Noir’ ( V. vinifera ) and ‘Campbell Early’ ( V. labruscana ). A phylogenetic tree analysis of STS family showed high similarity between V. fl exuosa and V. vinifera . The draft genome sequence of a heterozygous V. fl exuosa , were assembled from ~ 172-fold sequencing data. The assembled genome has a total length of 511 Mb and contains 18,515 orthologous genes. Moreover, there was high structural variation in V. fl exuosa compared to cultivated grapevines, which are contributed to genetic variation involved in expression of characteristics such as disease resistance and high content of stilbene compound in V. fl exuosa . The V. fl exuosa genome sequence will facilitate exploration of the biological discovery and breeding-related applications of this useful resource plant, Korea native wild grapevine V. fl exuosa

Screening Differential Expressions of Defense-related Responses in Cold-treated ‘Kyoho’ and ‘Campbell Early’ Grapevines

안순영,김선애,한재현,김승희,윤해근 한국원예학회 2013 원예과학기술지 Vol.31 No.3

Low temperature is one of the major environmental factors that affect productivity including reduced growth and budding of vines, and changes of metabolic processes in grape (Vitis spp.). To screen the specific expression of abiotic stress-related genes against cold treatment in ‘Kyoho’ and ‘Campbell Early’ grapevines,expression of various defense-related genes was investigated by RT-PCR and real-time PCR. Among the 67 genes analyzed by RT-PCR and real-time PCR, 17 and 16 types of cDNA were up-regulated, while 5and 6 types were down-regulated in cold-treated ‘Kyoho’ and ‘Campbell Early’ grapevines, respectively. Genes encoding carotene (Cart3564 and Cart4472), chalcone isomerase (CHI), cytochrome P450 (CYP), flavonol synthase (FLS), endo-β-glucanase precursor (Glu), glutathione peroxidase (GPX), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), leucine-rich repeats (LRR), manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD), phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL), polygalacturonase-inhibiting protein (PGIP), proline rich protein 2 (PRP2), small heat shock protein (sHSP), temperature induced lipocalin (TIL), and thaumatin-like protein (TLP) were up-regulated, while those encoding CBF like transcription factor (CBF1), chitinase-like protein (CLP), cold induced protein (CIP),glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase (GPAT), and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) were down-regulated by low temperature treatment in both in ‘Kyoho’ and ‘Campbell Early’.

Theobroxide Treatment Inhibits Wild Fire Disease Occurrence in Nicotiana benthamiana by the Overexpression of Defense-related Genes

안순영,윤해근,백광현,문용선 한국식물병리학회 2013 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.29 No.1

Theobroxide, a novel compound isolated from a fungus Lasiodiplodia theobromae, stimulates potato tuber formation and induces flowering of morning glory by initiating the jasmonic acid synthesis pathway. To elucidate the effect of theobroxide on pathogen resistance in plants, Nicotiana benthamiana plants treated with theobroxide were immediately infiltrated with Pseudomonas syringae pv. tabaci. Exogenous application of theobroxide inhibited development of lesion symptoms, and growth of the bacterial cells was significantly retarded. Semiquantitative RT-PCRs using the primers of 18 defenserelated genes were performed to investigate the molecular mechanisms of resistance. Among the genes, the theobroxide treatment increased the expression of pathogenesis-related protein 1a (PR1a), pathogenesis-related protein 1b (PR1b), glutathione S-transferase (GST), allen oxide cyclase (AOC), and lipoxyganase (LOX). All these data strongly indicate that theobroxide treatment inhibits disease development by faster induction of defense responses, which can be possible by the induction of defense-related genes including PR1a, PR1b, and GST triggered by the elevated jasmonic acid.

터키의 포도 생산 및 재배 현황

안순영,김승희,윤해근 한국국제농업개발학회 2011 韓國國際農業開發學會誌 Vol.23 No.1

터키는 유럽종 포도의 원산지로 유럽종 포도에서 유래된 다양한 품종들이 있으며, 현재 등록된 품종만도 1,200여종에 이른다. 또한 세계에서 6번째로 포도를 많이 생산하며, 포도 생산에 매우 적합한 토양과 기후 조건을 가지고 있다. 약 48만ha에서 360여 만 톤의 포도를 생산하여 주로 건포도(37%), 생과(30%), 그리고 주스 등의 가공용(30%)으로 소비되며, 포도주 생산에는 3% 정도만이 이용된다. 특히 포도는 터키에서 1인당 소비량이 연간 20 kg 이상을 소비할 정도로 인기가 많으며, 생과용으로 생산되는 주 품종은 ‘술타나’, ‘로자키’와 ‘알폰스라발레’ 등이다. 가장 인기가 좋은 녹황색의 무핵 품종인‘술타나’는 생식과 건포도용으로 모두 이용되고 있다. 주요 포도 재배 지역은 에게해 지역(42%)과 지중해 연안 지역(19%)이나 전국에서 재배되고 있다. 생과 및 양조용 품종의 주요 포도 수형은 VSP식, 울타리식, 덕식 등이 주로 사용되고 있다. Turkey is one of origins of the European grapes. There are approximately 1,200 grape varieties originated from European grape species in Turkey. Turkey is the sixth major grape producing country in the world, and considered to be one of the most favorable countries for grape production in the view point of climate and soil conditions. Approximately, 3.6 million tons of grapes are produced in the area of 480,000 ha and they are mainly consumed for raisin (37%), table grape (30%), and juice (30%) in Turkey. Only 3% of them are utilized for making wine. Especially, more than 20 kg of table grapes per capita have been annually consumed in Turkey. The major table grape cultivars produced in Turkey are ‘Sultana’, ‘Rosaki’ and ‘Alphonse Lavallee’. The most favorite seedless grape variety ‘Sultana’ has been used for both raisin and table grape production in Turkey. Grapes are produced all over the country, and major grape growing areas are mainly concentrated in the Aegean (42%) and Mediterranean (19%) regions. In Turkey, popular trellis system for table and wine grape varieties are vertical shoot positioned (VSP) system, wire trellis support system, and Pergola system.

형질전환 토마토 후대 분리세대에 활용할 수 있는 비파괴적 제초제 생물검정법 개발

안순영(Soonyoung Ahn),장인옥(Inok Jang) 한국원예학회 2007 원예과학기술지 Vol.25 No.3

제초제 저항성 PAT 유전자가 도입된 형질전환 토마토의 후대 분리 세대에서 제초제 저항성을 빠르고 간편하게 확인 할 수 있는 비파괴 제초제 생물검정 방법을 확립하였다. 형 질전환체와 비 형질전환체 후대 분리 집단에서 잎을 채취하여 5가지 농도의 바스타 용액에서 제초제에 대한 저항성 및 감수성을 판별할 수 있는 적정 농도를 검토한 결과 25㎎ ℓ⁻¹가 대량 비파괴 제초제 생물검정에 적정한 것으로 나타났다. 대량 비파괴 제초제 생물검정법은 형질전환체의 후대 분리 집단에서 채취한 잎을 25㎎ ℓ⁻¹ 농도의 바스타 용액이 담긴 아크릴 박스(50×50㎝)에 순서대로 두고 밀봉한 후 5일 후에 제초제에 대한 저항성을 확인하였는 바, 제초제에 대한 저항성과 감수성의 구분이 뚜렷하였으며, 이 방법을 이용하여 대량의 분리 집단에서 형질전환체를 빠르고 간편하고 선별할 수 있을 것으로 생각되었다. This study was conducted to develop a non-destructive herbicide bioassay method to confirm the transgenic tomatoes in segregation populations. In order to find the proper concentration of bialaphos solution that discriminates resistance and susceptible, the filter papers were soaked in different concentrations of bialaphos solution (10, 25, 50, 75, and 100 ㎎ ℓ⁻¹). The proper concentration of bialaphos solution was found out to be 25 ㎎ ℓ⁻¹. One hundred leaflets were placed in acryl boxes moistened with filter papers that were soaked in a bialaphos solution (25 ㎎ ℓ⁻¹) for the screening of herbicide resistance. In addition, to determine the effect of leaf stage of seedlings, at the one, three, and five true-leaf stage were separately tested in the same manner. In the segregating population, non-destructive method results were matched exactly with 0.3% bialaphos application in a greenhouse.

미국 및 홍콩 수출을 위한 한국산 포도의 농약 잔류저감형 병해 방제력 개발

안순영(Soon Young Ahn),이승열(Seung-Yeol Lee),정희영(Hee-Young Jung),임양숙(Yang Sook Lim),박종균(Jong Kyun Park),최인명(In Myung Choi),윤해근(Hae KeunYun) 한국농약과학회 2018 농약과학회지 Vol.22 No.2

ICT 활용 해충 예찰 시스템구축을 위한 시설포도원의 포도나무 총채벌레의 발생 특성

안순영(Soon Young Ahn),김선애(Seon Ae Kim),김은수(Eun Soo Kim),김승희(Seung Hui Kim),윤해근(Hae Keun Yun) 한국원예학회 2016 한국원예학회 학술발표요지 Vol.2016 No.10