綜合討論

張忠植(사회자),김복순(토론자),임세권(토론자),김길웅(토론자),안재호(토론자),지건길(토론자),이명식(토론자),신창수(토론자),송화섭(토론자),최광식(토론자),이문기(토론자),김창호(토론자),김원주(토론자),김영하(토론자),박방룡(토론자),채상식(토론자),田中俊明(토론자),정중환(토론자),이정희(토론자),김수태(토론자),전기웅(토론자),김상현(토론자),문 동국대학교 신라문화연구소 1995 신라문화제학술발표논문집 Vol.16 No.-

종합 토론

송화섭(토론자),김희곤(토론자),임동철(토론자) 충북연구원 2000 충북학 Vol.2 No.-

강원도 민속의 지역적 정체성

김진순(Kim Jin-sun),송화섭(토론자) 비교민속학회 2005 비교민속학 Vol.0 No.29

Gangwon-do is the most representative mountain region in Korea and its natural environment is reflected in the folk culture of the region. The purpose of this study was to examine the regional identity of Gangwon-do folk customs focused on the mountain village folk customs of Samcheok in Gangwon-do. Brand-tilling villages in mountains of Gangwon-do were sporadically distributed with a distance from one another centering the valley of the mountain, instead of being gathered in one place as in the field region. The most significant reason of such a distribution is that the residence location was decided based on the land to be brand-tilled. Villages were formed naturally by a small number of households in each valley, and they established a commune centering around the mountain valley. The major means of living of this region was brand-tilling, and the major crops were millets, beans, corns, and potatoes. Folk religions in the mountain region of Gangwon-do were examined in this study through house protection belief, 'sanmegi,' village belief, chanting ritual, etc. First, house protection belief reflected the regional characteristics relatively well through 'gunwoong' and 'san,' however, it was not distinctive from other regions in general. The gods worshipped in house protection belief were also worshipped in 'sanmegi' and village 'gut(exorcism),' and they included movable gods such as 'san,' ancestor, 'samsin,' 'gunwoong,' and 'malmyeong' as well as immovable gods such as 'seongju,' 'jowang,' and 'obangtojisin.' Sanmegi was the most representative mountain belief in this region, and it was another form of collective belief practiced by clan or family. Sanmegi was a ritual that worshiped not only mountain gods but also various other gods including ancestor, 'sansin,' 'samsin,' 'gunwoong,' 'malmyeong,' etc., as 'byeolsin gut' in the East coast region worshipped. In this respect, sanmegi was highly distinctive from the general mountain god religions. The major gods who were honored in sanmegi were ancestors and 'samsin,' who governs the birth of life, thus it can be understood that the prolonging of life was maintained through the samsin and ancestors. On the other hand, it was related to the objective of sanmegi that prayed for the offsprings' well-being and prosperity. The mountain valleys in which the brand-tillers lived had 'seonang shrines(shrines for tutelary diety).' The naturally formed villages had 'big seonang shrine,' and 'mandong seonang shrine' as well as 'village seonang shrine.' They were located in each valley or village of the large size, thus the people of naturally formed villages belonging to each shrine gathered and performed the ritual, 'dongjae,' respectively. The common style of seonang shrine can be characterized either as the stone wall built along the 'sinmok' of a tree, or as the 'dangjip(temple).' The common style of 'yeo-seonang' can be characterized as the stone seonang(or stone and juniper seonang). Inside the seonang shrine, miniature horses made of steel or mud were enshrined and the most distinctive feature of the miniature horses was that one leg of each horse was broken. The major healing ritual of this region was chanting and it was a common practice to catch the evil spirit and imprison it. The characteristics of the chanting of the brand-tilling villages were as follows : ordinary people without professional knowledge could excercise chanting, each village had such a chanter, and the healing ritual of catching the evil spirit was to release the blockage with entertaining elements of repeating relaxations and tensions. There was also a folk religion related to tigers, and a 'hosikchong' was a common practice, which was a burial method of the victims of tigers. The most representative housing styles were 'gulpijip(house made of outer skin of a black oak)' and 'neowajip(house made of wood panels),' and various architectural techniques were used to build houses to p

안동 문화의 변화와 민속의 재창조

이상현(Lee Sang-hyun),송화섭(토론자) 비교민속학회 2004 비교민속학 Vol.0 No.26

This thesis is about the process and background to invent the folklore of Andong. To analyze the background, this thesis studied the characteristics of the previous folklore researches and raised the questions about their problems. And to explain the concept of inventive folklore, this thesis took the concepts of tradition, identity, and invention of tradition. For the process of rediscovering the Andong folklore, the example of National Folk An Competition which were started as one of the culture policies in Korea was taken, and the status of changing cultures due to this rediscovery, During this process, the folk plays of Andong was reformed to fit into the stages of this competition, and somehow degraded to be a tool to perform the culture policy of the military regime. However, through this process, the folk plays of Andong were recognized as the traditional culture representing Korea as well as Andong and symbolized the identity of Andong culture. As the folk plays received the spotlight, local elites who were recognized as the Confucian scholars with the power of Andong in their hands were opposed to it. These people faced a serious change in their political lives after the Japanese colonial area. After they adjusted to the changes, they became very active after 1970s to recover their rights. In 1980s, they were more interested to establish the local identity based on the Confucian ideas and lives apart from the previous family oriented activities. During this process, they opposed to the images of traditional culture in Andong which are represented as Folklore, and strived to establish the local identity through the Confucian resources such as Confucian rituals or recovery of Confucian temple. The problems related with the differences in understanding of traditional cultures between various local groups were the hardest problems to solve for the local administrators. They chose to distribute Confucian resources and folklore resources to perform the local culture policies. How they solved the problems were clearly demonstrated in the arrangement of exhibition of Andong folklore museum and the folklore town. In 1990s, as Andong became the main culture and tourism attractions, the folkfore of Andong faced another changes. Local governors formed the model culture with the mixture of Confucian traditions and folklore to develop tourism This plan was activated by the visit of the Queen of England. However, the fact is that the number of tourists has been decreasing at the moment. To solve these problems, various efforts by the city and the researches in culture and tourism have made. Additionally, the successful implementations of Andong salted mackerel or Andong steamed chicken which are not directly related with the traditional culture of Andong are good examples to show that Andong contains the images of hometown that was forgotten as well as to require the new changes in Andong folklore. The pitfalls of this research is the lack of collection or analysis of data related with the activities of Andong culture institute whish played the major role to rediscover the folklore of Andong. I was fully aware of needs, but was not able to fulfill the researches due to the lack of records about the culture institute and the lack of cooperation from related parties. However this must be fulfilled by myself or other researches who are interested in this filed. Other pitfall of this research is the analysis about the rediscovery of folklore due to the development of tourism was processed without concrete data. It was because that this problem is on going phenomena, and the proofs or detailed researches are difficult to find. However, to analyze the rediscovery process of Andong folklore, the data should be collected and analyzed. I will continuously try to collect and analyze the data as well as to solve the problems.