기상요인과 버어리종 잎담배의 화학성분과의 관계

복진영,이종률,정기택,Bock Jin-Young,Lee Joung-Ryoul,Jeong Kee-Taeg 한국연초학회 2004 한국연초학회지 Vol.26 No.2

This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between weather factors during the growing season and chemical components of burley tobacco. Chemical components used in this study was from 'Farm Leaf Tobacco Test' conducted at KT&G Central Research Institute from 1987 through 2002. Data of weather factors during growing season(April to July) were collected in 6 districts measured at Korea Meteorological Adminstration(KMA). Total nitrogen content was increased from 1987 through 2002. Year to year variation of rainfall was the largest, followed by that of sunshine hour. Month to month variation of rainfall also was the largest, followed by that of mean daily air temperature. A negative correlation was found between rainfall and sunshine hour. Relative humidity(R.H.) was correlated positively with rainfall, whereas negatively with sunshine hour. The negative correlations were found between nicotine content and rainfall(in June, May$\~$June, June$\~$July, May$\~$July and average), and R.H.(in June, May$\~$June, June$\~$July, May$\~$July and average), respectively. The negative correlations were found between crude ash content and rainfall(in June and May$\~$June), and R.H.(in June, May$\~$June, June$\~$July and May$\~$July), respectively. Ether extraction content was correlated positively with mean daily air temperature(in July, June $\~$July and May$\~$July) and with sunshine hour(in July, June$\~$July and May$\~$July), but negatively with rainfall(average) and with R.H.(in April, July, June$\~$July, April$\~$June, May­July and average), respectively. Chloride content was correlated positively with sunshine hour(in May, April$\~$May, May$\~$June, April$\~$June, May$\~$July and average), but negatively with rainfall(in June, May$\~$June, June$\~$July, April$\~$June, May$\~$July and average).

황색종 잎담배의 후숙과정 중 유리당, 비휘발성 유기산 및 지방산의 변화

복진영,박윤신,박원종,이종률,Bock, Jin-Young,Park, Yoon-Shin,Park, Won-Jong,Lee, Joung-Ryoul 한국연초학회 2006 한국연초학회지 Vol.28 No.2

This study was carried out to investigate the changes of free sugars, non-volatile organic and fatty acids in flue-cured leaf tobacco during aging. The threshed leaf tobacco(B1O and C1L) produced in 2002 crop year was aged for 21 month in warehouse of Oc-Cheon Leaf Tobacco Processing Factory. The leaf tobacco were sampled at three month intervals for analysis of free sugars, non-volatile organic and fatty acids. The major free sugars of flue-cured were glucose and fructose regardless of tobacco grades. After aging period of 21 months, the contents of glucose and fructose showed a tendency to slightly decrease, and there was no appreciable change in the contents of sucrose in B1O and C1L grades. The major compound of non-volatile organic acid and fatty acid were malic, oxalic and citric, linolenic, linoleic and palmitic acid regardless of tobacco grade. After aging period of 21 months, the contents of malic, malonic, oxalic and fumaric acid showed a tendency to slightly decrease, whereas succinic acid was slightly increased, and maleic acid was not changed in B1O and C1L grades. The decreases in fatty acid contents in B1O and C1L grade tobacco loaves after 21 month aging were 16.5% and 9.8%, respectively. The decreases in linolenic acid contents in two grades were the highest, showing 22.1% and 12.0% reduction after 21 month aging.

황색종 잎담배의 후숙과정 중 정유성분의 변화

복진영,박윤신,박원종,이종률,Bock, Jin-Young,Park, Yoon-Shin,Park, Won-Jong,Lee, Joung-Ryoul 한국연초학회 2006 한국연초학회지 Vol.28 No.2

This study was carried out to investigate the changes of essential oils in flue-cured leaf tobacco during aging for 21 months. The threshed leaf tobacco(BlO) produced in 2002 crop year was aged for 21 months in the warehouse of Oc-Cheon Leaf Tobacco Processing Factory. The leaf tobacco were sampled at three month intervals for analysis of volatile compounds. Volatile compounds were identified by GC/MS and comparison of gas chromatographic retention time with those of the authentic standard. The total of 75 compounds from the steam volatile concentrate of the flue-cured leaf tobacco were identified; they were 15 hydrocarbons, 12 alcohols, 3 aldehydes, 18 ketones, 7 esters, 10 acids, 3 phenols, 4 furans, 2 pyrrols and 1 pyridine. The major components of essential oil were neophytadiene, solanone, megastigmatrienone and phytol. After a aging period of 21 months, most of volatile compounds showed a gradual increasing tendency.

황색종 잎담배의 화학성분에 의한 관능 특성 예측

정기택,복진영,김시몽,이철희,이종률,Jeong, Kee-Taeg,Bock, Jin-Young,Kim, Si-Mong,Lee, Chul-Hee,Lee, Joung-Ryoul 한국연초학회 2007 한국연초학회지 Vol.29 No.2

This study was conducted to evaluate the prediction of sensory property of smoke from leaf chemical property and characterize leaf chemical components for the best tobacco taste's leaves in flue-cured tobacco. For analytical and sensory evaluations, one hundred and forty grades were used. The major leaf chemical components to predict the sensory property of smoke were nicotine for impact, irritation and off taste & odor, and total sugar/nicotine ratio for tobacco taste. Within ${\pm}20%$ range of difference, the predictable probabilities of sensory property of smoke form leaf chemical property were 80.0% for off taste & odor and $91.4{\sim}96.4%$ for impact, irritation and tobacco taste. As a result of K-means cluster analysis on the basis of tobacco taste, the desirable leaf chemical component contents were $2.77{\sim}3.55%$ in nicotine and $5.1{\sim}6.9$ in total sugar/nicotine ratio. This study suggest that the some regression equations may be useful to predict the sensory property of tobacco smoke from a few selected leaf chemical components in flue-cured tobacco and to select the flue-cured tobacco leaves for enhance the tobacco taste of cigarette.

쌀의 원료상태 및 Extrusion Cooking 조건이 Puffed Extrudate의 특성에 미치는 영향

이영춘(Young Chun Lee),하연철(Yean Chul Ha),복진영(Jin Young Bock),신동빈(Dong Bin Shin),이경혜(Kyung Hae Lee) 한국식품과학회 1990 한국식품과학회지 Vol.22 No.1

기상요인에 의한 황색종 잎담배의 이화학적 특성 예측

정기택,조수헌,복진영,이종률,Jeong, Kee-Taeg,Cho, Soo-Heon,Bock, Jin-Young,Lee, Joung-Ryoul 한국연초학회 2007 한국연초학회지 Vol.29 No.1

This study was conducted in order to predict the chemical and physical properties by climatic factors during the growing season of flue-cured tobacco as soon as possible. The data of eight chemical and five physical properties were collected from "Analysis of physical and chemical properties on farm leaf tobacco" conducted at KT&G Central Research Institute from 1987 through 2006. Data of climatic factors from April to July in 10 districts were collected from Korea Meteorological Adminstration. Except for yellowness(b), all probabilities of linear regression equations between the climatic factors(X) and the average contents of twelve grades(whole plant) for chemical and physical properties(Y) were significant($P{\leq}0.05$). The predicable probabilities within ${\pm}20%$ range of difference were 100% in ether extract content, in nicotine content, and in filling value, 90% in total nitrogen content, and 70% in total sugar content. These results suggest that the regression equations may be useful to predict the average content of twelve grades for eight chemical and four physical properties by climatic factors during the growing season of flue-cured tobacco at the beginning of August.

하천에서 분해되는 보릿짚 유래 페놀산의 추출 및 분석법 개발

김가영(Ga Young Kim),주진철(Jin Chul Joo),이민지(Min Ji Lee),홍수인(Suin Hong),복진영(Jin Young Bock),박재로(Jae Roh Park),안창혁(Chang Hyuk Ahn),오종민(Jong Min Oh) 대한환경공학회 2018 대한환경공학회지 Vol.40 No.9

하천과 호소 내 다양한 유기/무기물질과 함께 존재하는 보릿짚 유래 페놀산의 추출·분석을 위한 전처리법(pretreatment) 과 Ultra High Performance Liquid Chromatography (UHPLC)-MS 분석법을 개발 후 페놀산의 정량/정성분석을 실시해 분석 회수율(analytical recovery), 정확도(accuracy), 정밀도(precision)를 검증하였다. 검증결과, 보릿짚으로부터 용출되는 것으로 보고된 페놀산 7종 화합물의 크로마토그램 내 peak는 Gallic acid 〉 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid 〉 Vanillic acid, Caffeic acid 〉 Syringic acid 〉 Coumaric acid 〉 Ferulic acid 순으로 상호 간섭없이 분리되었으며, 전처리 과정을 통해 추출된 Gallic acid와 Caffeic acid를 제외한 5종의 페놀산은 80.4~112.8%의 분석 회수율을 나타내었다. 실제 하천 · 호수 시료 내에 존재하는 4종의 페놀산(4-Hydroxybenzoic acid, Vanillic acid, Syringic acid, Ferulic acid)의 검량선의 직선상관성(R²)값은 0.998~1.0으로 비교적 넓은 검출범위 내에서 높은 직선성을 나타냈으며, 비교적 낮은 검출한계(LOD)와 정량한계(LOQ)로 조사되었다. 현장 하천수 내 보릿짚 유래 페놀산의 용출 농도는 검출한계와 유사한 극미량(0.095~0.273 μg/mL)이며, 유의할만한 농도의 페놀산 용출 지속 시간도 10일 이내인 것으로 조사되었다. 본 연구를 통해 개발된 전처리법과 UHPLC-MS 분석법을 통해 보릿짚 유래 페놀산의 추출 및 분석을 하천수 및 호소수와 같은 복잡한 매트릭스에서도 효과적으로 적용할 수 있는 것으로 확인되었다. Both extraction of phenolic acids eluted from barley straw in rivers/lakes and analytical method for the extracted phenolic acids using ultra high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC)-mass spectroscopy (MS) were developed. Then, the analytical recovery, accuracy and precision of the developed analytical method were evaluated based on the quantitative/qualitative analysis. According to the chromatograms, seven phenolic acids eluted from barley straw were clearly separated in the order of Gallic acid 〉 4-Hydroxybenzoic acid 〉 Vanillic acid 〉 Caffeic acid 〉 Syringic acid 〉 Coumaric acid 〉 Ferulic acid, and five phenolic acids except Gallic acid and Caffeic acid were found to have analysis recovery of 80.4~112.8%. Four phenolic acids (4-Hydroxybenzoic acid, Vanillic acid, Syringic acid, and Ferulic acid) presented in rivers/lakes displayed high linear correlation (R²) values (i.e., 0.998~1.0) of calibration curves within the wide detection ranges, and had relatively low limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantitation (LOQ). From the results of this study, the developed pretreatment method and analytical method were confirmed to effectively extract and analyze phenolic acid mixtures eluted from barley straw in complex environment matrix such as rivers/lakes.

황색종 잎담배의 전당 함량이 화학성분, 연기 및 관능의 특성에 미치는 영향

정기택,조수헌,복진영,이종률,Jeong, Kee-Taeg,Cho, Soo-Heon,Bock, Jin-Young,Lee, Joung-Ryoul 한국연초학회 2007 한국연초학회지 Vol.29 No.1

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of the total sugar contents on chemical, smoke and sensory properties and to estimate the desirable chemical composition contents from sensory properties in flue-cured leaf tobacco. The leaves used in the study were in 2005 and in $1997{\sim}2006$ crop year. Nicotine and total nitrogen contents, filling value, impact, irritation and bitterness were reduced with increasing the total sugar contents of B2O(leaf) and C2L(cutters), whereas tar and CO contents and puff number were increased. The desirable sugar contents estimated from the best overall tobacco taste of smoke were 25.9% in B2O and 26.9% in C2L. All of regression equations among total sugar/nicotine ratio, total sugar, nicotine and total nitrogen contents were significant($p{\leqq}0.05$). There were no significant difference between the 4 grade(A2O, B2O, C2L, D2L) average and the whole plant(12 grade) average contents in total sugar, nicotine and total nitrogen contents. All of regression equations between the ratio of each grade content to the average content of twelve grades and stalk position[number ; from bottom(1) to top(12)] in total sugar, nicotine and total nitrogen contents were significant($p{\leqq}0.05$). The estimated desirable chemical properties which based on the best overall tobacco taste were 23.2% of total sugar, 2.39% of nicotine, 9.7 of total sugar/nicotine ratio, 2.57% of total nitrogen, 1.08 of total nitrogen/nicotine ratio in average of four grades. With decrease the total sugar content from 32.0% to 24.0%, filling value was enhanced by 14.1% in average of B2O and C2L, also tar and CO contents of smoke were decreased by 13.2% and 10.5%, respectively. These results suggest that the estimated desirable chemical composition contents may be useful to produce good leaf tobacco, and to enhance filling value and to reduce tar and CO contents of smoke in flue-cured leaf tobacco.

기상요인에 의한 버어리종 잎담배의 이화학적 특성 예측

정기택,조수헌,복진영,이종률,Jeong, Kee-Taeg,Cho, Soo-Heon,Bock, Jin-Young,Lee, Joung-Ryoul 한국연초학회 2007 한국연초학회지 Vol.29 No.1

This study was conducted in order to predict the chemical and physical properties by climatic factors during the growing season of burley tobacco as soon as possible. The data of six chemical and five physical properties were collected from "Analysis of chemical and physical properties on farm leaf tobacco" conducted at KT&G Central Research Institute from 1987 to 2006. Data of climatic factors from April to July in 6 districts were collected from Korea Meteorological Adminstration. Except for total nitrogen, total nitrogen/nicotine and yellowness(b), all probabilities of linear regression equations between the climatic factors(X) and the average contents of twelve grades(whole plant) for chemical and physical properties(Y) were significant($P{\leq}0.05$). The predicable probabilities within ${\pm}20%$ range of difference were 100% in ether extract content, 95% in nicotine content, and 90% in filling value. These results suggest that the regression equations may be useful to predict the average content of twelve grades for four chemical and four physical properties by climatic factors during the growing season of burley tobacco at the beginning of August.

버어리종 잎담배의 화학성분에 의한 관능 특성 예측

정기택,조수헌,복진영,박성원,이종률,Jeong, Kee-Taeg,Cho, Soo-Heon,Bock, Jin-Young,Park, Seong-Weon,Lee, Joung-Ryoul 한국연초학회 2007 한국연초학회지 Vol.29 No.2

This study was conducted to evaluate the prediction of sensory property of smoke from the leaf chemical property and characterize leaf chemical components for the best tobacco taste's leaves in burley tobacco. For analytical and sensory evaluations, sixteen grades were used. The major leaf chemical components to predict the sensory property of smoke were ether extract for tobacco-like, chloride for impact and total nitrogen/nicotine for irritation. Within ${\pm}20\;%$ range of difference, the predictable probabilities of sensory property of smoke from the leaf chemical properties were 100 % for tobacco-like, impact and irritation. As a result of K-means cluster analysis on the basis of tobacco taste, the desirable leaf chemical component contents were $6.5{\sim}6.8\;%$ in ether extract, $0.25{\sim}0.30\;%$ in chloride and $1.26{\sim}1.54$ in total nitrogen/nicotine ratio. This study suggest that the some regression equations may be useful to predict the sensory components of tobacco smoke from a few selected leaf chemical properties in burley tobacco and to select the burley tobacco leaves for enhance the tobacco taste of cigarette.