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裵漢東 慶北大學校 師範大學 1986 敎育硏究誌 Vol.28 No.-
Since 1980, the Eurocommunism has been surprisingly declined. But the cause of its decline has not been clearly verified. The author of this study attempts to search out the cause from the phenomena of its ideological conflicts. Eurocommunists have rejected and criticized the Soviet form of Marxism-Leninism. Trying to make a new interpretation of the original Marxism, they have harshly criticized the 'bureaucratized Marxism' of the Soviet Union. The author thus attempts to throw light on the thought of Gramsci, Azcaretes and Ellenstain, in order to ascertain the source of Eurocommunists theory of Marxism. These three theorists have given a great impact upon the policymaking process of their parties. And their parties, denouncing the 'proletarian internationlism' and 'its dictatorship', have adopted a kind of 'national communism' and claimed to secure the political freedom. Opposing the Soviet communism, they have openly declared a democratic road to socialism as their official policy. In its reality, however, those Eurocommunists could not have fully drifted away from the Soviet communism and also have not been able to connect their ideology to the western social democracy. In other words, the Eurocommunists idelogy has been driven into the corner between the Soviet communism and the western social democracy. If they follow the Soviet line of communism, their voters' support would be dropped down. On the other hand, if they follow the western line of social democracy, their image as revolutionary parties would be impared and finally they would face with crisis of ideological identities. In this reason, the Eurocommunism has been wondering on the streets of the western capitalist world and lost support from their voters. Nevertheless, we cannot easily neglect the power of Eurocommunist and also cannot predict its perishment in the near future.
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裵漢東 경북대학교 환태평양연구소 1988 環太平洋硏究 Vol.1 No.-
China and Soviet opened the way in the 1980's to extensive reconciliation after a 30-years break in relations. This article has written to understand the current status and problems of the Sino-Soviet relationship. In chapter Ⅱ, on has to examine the stage of transformation in the major area of a 30-years history of Sino-Soviet relation. The stage of transformation can be classified by the 4 period. It is the period of friendship and alliance in the late 1950's, the controversary and distrust in the 1960's, the switching period of conflict and reconciliation in the 1970's, reconciliation and cooperation in the 1980's. In chapterⅢ, Sino-Soviet relations are structured by a complex and changing mix of pilitical-Ideoligical foreign policy, and economic consideration. It's attention is to analyze the variables of causes which can foster either firction between the two states or greater cooperation. First, the Ideological factor can play and have played a major role, but as recent trends suggest, friction and conflict are possible even in the absense of significant difference. Secon, The foreign and security policy of the USSR and the PRC are another major factor of Sino-soviet conflict-today as in the past. Especially, Soviet military deployment in Northeast Asia and Afghanistan, Indochina issues including Cambodian problems, and the difference of their Third World policy were and continue to be an important source of friction affection the Sino-Soviet relations. Third, The factor of economic interests can also influence the friction and cooperation between Sino-Soviet relation. In general, it would appear that the trend both of Soviet and Chinese economic policy and economic development is conducive to expanded economic ties in the future. In Chapter Ⅳ, as the conclusion of this article, the prospects for reconciliation and cooperation would be much expanded, although the three obstacle that Chinese see as impending full normalization of relation have not been removed, because the aim of two state policy is to work steadily to broaden the base of contacts and cooperation with each other.
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배한동 慶北大學校 師範大學 1991 敎育硏究誌 Vol.33 No.-
The self-governing system is resurrected which had been dropped by 5. 16 coup d'etat. According to the current local autonomy law, local assemblymen should be selected by the June. But the election has engendered much anxiety from the start. For instance, there are the illegal corrupted election actions, rising local ill feeling, waste of the budget, and overheated political rhetoric. Some intellectuals say, this election may have the role to strengthen the present false political structure. Nevertheless, the local assembly election should be held as soon as possible. A democratic process is more important than its effect. Without self-government is the requisite method for democracy ; an election is the first phase for it. For this meaning, the election should be held fairly. The local assembly should never be "the Chamber of Commerce" or consist of the nouveau riche and never be a service office for the ruling party. The local assembly should be filled with all kinds of faithful capable persons. To carry out this significant project, the more important thing is the electorate's awakened democratic consciousness. It is said that the level of politicians in one country is in proportion to the level of their countrymen's consciousness. Our country's political uneasiness is responsible for the countrymen's mistrust of politicians. During the past days, there have been felt the electorate's lack of consciousness and state of anomie. Citizen's independent and democratic consciousness can overcome a political overheated state and even indifferences. The success of this election can be possible by the electorate's awakened consciousness, the government's will and the candidates' self-restraint. Without democratic conciousness, the electoral revolution cannot be achieved. We should encourage this awakened democratic consciousness for the rebirth of democracy.
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