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집진 및 탈취율 개선을 위한 다공판 스크러버 개발 및 IPA 처리효율 시뮬레이션
박훈민(Park Hoon Min),윤달환(Yoon Dal Hwan),정현민(Jung Hyun Min),민흥기(Min Heung Gi),전동환(Jeon Dong Hwan) 사단법인 안전문화포럼 2021 안전문화연구 Vol.- No.13
다공판 스크러버는 반도체 회사, 금속표면처리 회사, 화학섬유회사 등에서 사용하는 플랜트의 배출단계에서 오염물질(Air Pollution)을 액막이나 기포 등으로 세정함으로써 온실가스 및 미세먼지를 저감하는 장치이다. 세정 집진장치인 다공판 스크루버는 유수식, 회전식 및 가압수식으로 분류된다. 세정 집진장치의 일반적인 포집원리는 액적에 입자가 충돌하여 부착되거나, 미립자 확산에 의한 입자간 응집, 배기가스의 수증기 분사에 의한 입자간 응집, 입자를 중심으로 증기의 응결 및 응집성을 촉진하거나, 액막 및 기포에 입자가 접촉하여 부착하는 방식 등이 있다. 본 연구에서 사용하는 세정 집진장치는 가장 널리 사용하는 가압수식에 관한 것으로, 내부의 순환수를 이용하여 수용성배출가스를 순환수에 용해하고 약품으로 중화시켜 외부로 배출시킨다. 이러한 습식 세정집진장치는 액적, 액막 및 기포 등에 의해 포함된 가스나 오염물질 등을 입자에 부착시키거나 입자 상호간의 응집을 촉진시켜 입자를 분리시키는 기능을 수행한다. 최근 국제해사기구 IMO(International Maritime Organization)는 이러한 스크러버를 사용하는 선박에게도 탈황 후처리 문제 및 공해상 오염물질 배출을 강화하고 있다. 정부가 국제해사기구(IMO)의 황 함유량 법적 강화조치를 수용하기 위해 ‘해양환경관리법’ 시행령 개정과 ‘항만지역등 대기질 개선에 관한 특별법’ 시행을 통해 황 함유량 기준이 0.5%, 인천 등 배출규제해역에서는 0.1%로 대폭 강화하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 가스, 먼지, 용해도가 높은 유해가스(VOCs) 및 화학물질 등의 오염물질을 습식으로 처리하는 다공판 스크러버(Scrubber)의 개선과 IPA 처리효율 시뮬레이션 방법을 제안한다. 다공판 스크러버의 설계 효율을 위한 가공율 및 생산원가 절감요소를 개선하기 위하여 모듈의 설계를 개선하고, IPA는 중요한 실행 성능요소 등으로 다공판 스크러버의 효율 특성을 분석함으로써 효율적인 시스템설계에 적용할 수 있다. A perforated plate scrubber is a device that reduces greenhouse gases and fine dust by cleaning air pollutants with liquid films or bubbles in the discharge stage of plants used by semiconductor companies, metal surface treatment companies, and chemical fiber companies. The perforated plate scrubber, which is a cleaning dust collector, is classified into a flowing water type, a rotary type and a pressurized water type. The general collection principle of the cleaning dust collector is that particles collide and adhere to the droplets, agglomeration between particles by particle diffusion, agglomeration between particles by vapor injection of exhaust gas, promote condensation and cohesiveness of steam around the particles, or liquid film. and a method in which particles contact and adhere to the bubble. The cleaning and dust collector used in this study relates to the most widely used pressurized water type, and by using the internal circulating water, the aqueous exhaust gas is dissolved in the circulating water, neutralized with a chemical, and discharged to the outside. Such a wet cleaning and dust collector performs a function of separating particles by attaching gas or contaminants contained by droplets, liquid films, and air bubbles to particles or promoting aggregation between particles. Recently, the International Maritime Organization(IMO) is strengthening the problem of post-desulfurization treatment and the discharge of pollutants in the high seas even for ships using such scrubbers. According to the IPA, the government revised the Enforcement Decree of the Marine Environment Management Act and the Special Act on Air Quality Improvement in Port Areas, etc. This 0.5%, and 0.1% in the emission control areas such as Incheon, are greatly strengthened. In this paper, we propose an improvement of a perforated plate scrubber that wetly treats pollutants such as gas, dust, highly soluble VOCs and chemicals, and a method for simulating IPA treatment efficiency. By improving the module design and manufacturing area design to improve the processing rate and production cost reduction factors for the design efficiency of the perforated plate scrubber, IPA is able to evaluate the efficiency characteristics of the perforated plate scrubber based on the relatively given importance and performance factors. By analyzing it, it can be applied to efficient system design. We have compared the existed packing scrubber with the porous plate scrubber, which obtained the raised efficient of the manufacturing rate and the reduced production cost with the modified porous plate scrubber. Through the reformed porous plate scrubber module with an airflow quantity, 1,200 , the IPA have simulated the relative importance and performance average values of centered data, like fume, mist and dust.
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지혈대를 이용한 Lidocaine 전처치가 Propofol에 의한 혈관통 예방효과
이상화,박찬홍,김봉일,노운석,박훈민,조성경 대한마취과학회 1999 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.37 No.6
Background : Venous lidocaine retention with tourniquet has a possibility to prevent propofol injection pain efficiently. We performed the study to assess the efficacy of various intravenous lidocaine pretreatment methods with tourniquet on reducing propofol-induced injection pain, especially the effect of varying the concentration and dose of lidocaine. Methods : In order to know the effect of lidocaine pretreatment with tourniquet on prevention of propofol-induced injection pain, one hundred patients were divided into four groups by the method of pretreatment; 1% lidocaine of 1 mg/kg (lidocaine pretreatment, LPT1 n = 25); 0.5% lidocaine of 1 mg/kg (LPT2, n = 25); 1% lidocaine of 0.5 mg/kg (LPT3, n = 25); 5 ml of saline pretreatment (saline pretreatment, SPT, n = 25). After 5 minutes of pretreatment, propofol-induced pain was measured immediately after injection of 1 mg/kg propofol with tourniquet inflation and after deflation of tourniquet, and after a second injection of 1 mg/kg propofol by use of the numerical rating scale and pain score of four categories. We selected maximal values of three times measurement for comparison. Results : All groups of lidocaine pretreatment (pain incidence of LPT1; 20%, LPT2; 16% and LPT3; 36%, respectively) significantly reduced the incidence of propofol-induced injection pain compared to the saline pretreatment group (96%) (P < 0.05). Lidocaine pretreatment groups had dramatically lower intensity of pain compared with saline pretreatment (P < 0.05). However, there were no differences among the lidocaine pretreatment groups (P > 0.05). Conclusions: This result indicates that lidocaine pretreatment with tourniquet has an effect on the prevention of propofol-induced injection pain. However, we recommend pretreatment with 0.5 1% lidocaine of 1 mg/kg by use of tourniquet and propofol injection immediately after deflation of the tourniquet in practice. (Korean J Anesthesiol 1999; 37: 973∼979)
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이상화,김봉일,노운석,박훈민,조성경 대한마취과학회 1999 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.36 No.3
Unidirectional valve (UDV) malfunction causes rebreathing of expired gas during anesthesia. However, the resultant hypercarbia without hypoxemia by UDV malfunction is not easily detected. We experienced a case of severe hypercarbia which caused by sticking expiratory valve at 45 minutes after the induction of anesthesia, in spite of checking UDV function preoperatively. In this case, expiratory UDV malfunction was diagnosed with the change of capnographic waveform. And so, we recommend monitoring of capnographic waveform during every anesthesia, in addition to preoperative UDV checking. (Korean J Anesthesiol 1999; 36: 519∼523)
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