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박은우 한국콩연구회 1991 韓國콩硏究會誌 Vol.8 No.1
Soybean cyst nematode(SCN) (Heterodera glycines) and Phomopsis seed decay (Phonropsis longicola and Diaporthe phaseolorum var. sojae) are reported to occure at relatively high frequency from all over the soybean growing areas in Korea Severe damage in soybean production due to these diseases could be possible if proper control strategies are not established in the near future. In order to reduce the possibility of pathogenic differentiation of SCN populations, use of tolerant cultivars has been suggested. Tolerant cultivars may support a large number of nematodes with only limited injury to host plants. Therefore, use of tolerance is a method to limit soybean yield losses from SCN without providing directional selection pressure to SC1V populations for development of more aggressive races. Comparison of yield lasses of different soybean lines due to SCN is presently the only way to select tolerance to SCN. However, it usually takes more than two years and a great deal of labor to conduct yield loss studies in the field, which is not efficient enough to be adopted in a breeding program. As an efficient method to select soybean lines with tolerance to SCN, relative sizes of syncytia within the stelar region of soybean root tissues at the infection sites of SCN were compared between soybean lines in this study. When 'Bangsa' and 'SNUA' soybeans seedlings were compared, the relative size of the stelar region which was replaced $quot;by syncytia was 29.4% and 8.3% for `Bangsa' and `SNUA', respectively. Longitudinal translocation of water and nutrients through the stelar region of the soybean root tissues should be greatly inhibited when larger area of the stelar region was replaced by the syncytia. Since the two cultivars showed approximately the same degree of susceptibility to SCN when compared based on the number of cysts reproduced after inoculation to seedlings of the two cultivars in the greenhouse, 'SNUA' may be considered to be more tolerant to SCN than `Bangsa'. In this study, it took only 1-2 months to obtain quantitative data on toe relative size of syncytia within the stelar region after planting soybean seeds in pots in the greenhouse to tolled root samples with cysts for light microscopy. As for Phomopsis seed decay, soybean seed infection rates which were surveyed at 53 locations in Korea in 1988 indicated that the disease is widespread throughout the country at the average frequency of 2.7% with the range of 0.1-7.37% from samples of yellow soybean seeds. Use of dean seeds, crop rotation and fungicide spray have been suggested as effective control strategies for Phomopsis disease. Although a field experiment which was conduced in 1989 showed effectiveness of clean seeds and crop. rotation to control Phomopsis disease, it is not easy to obtain clean seeds and to maintain rotation system with other profitable crops at a long-term intervals of more than 3 years. Also, intensive use of fungicides is not economical considering crop value of soybeans. Consequently, the maximum economic profit can be achieved through planting soybean seeds as clean as possible under a short-term interval crop rotation system and spraying fungicides only when it is necessary and economically justifiable. A study to develop a forecasting system for Phomopsis seed decay is being conducted using the pod test at various growth stages of soybeans The objectives of this study are to determine time periods of pod infections that lead to seed infection in the later season and to evaluate effectiveness of fungicide sprays based forecasting. Also, dynamics of epiphytic populations of an antagonistic bacterium, Pseudomonas acruginosa, is being studied to evaluate possibility of using the bacterium as a biological control agent for Phomopsis disease.
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포도 주요병해, 미리알고 미리막자 - 발생생태와 방제대책을 알아본다
박은우 한국작물보호협회 1989 자연과 농업 Vol.10 No.3
포도는 생육기간중 뿐만 아니라 수확후 저장, 수송중에도 많은 종류의 병에 의하여 피해를 받아 수확량이 감소되고 품질이 저하된다. 각종 병에 의한 수확량 감소는 해마다 차이가 있으나 외국의 경우 일반적으로 약 $5\%$정도의 수확량이 감소되는 것으로 추측되고 있고 기상환경이 적합하여 병이 대발생할 경우에는 수확량이 $20\~80\%$ 감소된다는 보고도 있다. 이러한 심각한 손실을 일으키는 병들의 병원균은 크게 곰팡이, 세균, 바이러스, 선충으로 구분될 수 있는데 지역에 따라 존재하는 병원균의 종류, 재배품종들의 각종 병에 대한 감수성 정도, 그리고 기상환경에 따라 각 포도원에서 발생되는 병의 종류와 병 발생량에 차이가 있다. 우리나라에서 발생되는 포도병은 18종이 기록되어 있는데 여기서는 곰팡이에 의한 병인 흰가루병, 노균병, 탄저병, 흑두병, 잿빛곰팡이병의 발생생태와 방제법에 관하여 알아본다.
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농림수산식품부의 농대 영농정착교육과정 중·장기 발전방안 수립
박은우,정철영,김유용,김종기,김성남,최수정,김영은 한국농·산업교육학회 2010 농업교육과 인적자원개발 Vol.42 No.2
The purposes of this study were to suggest strategies to promote beginning farmer support program in college of agricultural sciences which is leading by Ministry for Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries. The aim of this program is to facilitate the farming participation of college of agricultural sciences graduates. The study was performed as follows : (1) Analyzing needs of professors, students and agricultural industry members, (2) Identifying current status and problems of beginning farmer support program in college of agricultural sciences, (3) Establishing strategies for promoting the beginning farmer support program in college of agricultural sciences. The following five findings are the result of this study. (1) 4 basic directions, 14 themes, 34 sub-themes of the beginning farmer support program in college of agricultural sciences were established. (2) Direction 1. Building the infrastructure include 4 themes and 10 sub-themes. (3) Direction 2. Providing effective educational program include 3 themes and 9 sub-themes. (4) Direction 3. Supporting participate students include 3 themes and 7 sub-themes. (5) Direction 4. Supporting participate professor include 4 themes and 8 sub-themes. 농대 영농정착교육과정은 2006년부터 농림수산식품부에서 시행하고 있는 사업으로서, 농학계 대학 졸업생들의 창업영농분야로의 진입을 촉진시키기 위한 목적으로 운영되고 있다. 2009년을 기준으로 총 11개 대학이 참여하고 있으나, 예산의 절대적인 부족, 참여 학생 모집의 어려움, 참여 교수들에 대한 지원 부족으로 인한 운영의 의지 부족 등의 문제점 계속해서 지적되어 왔다. 따라서 이 연구에서는 이러한 문제점들의 근본적인 원인을 진단하고 보다 체계적이고 효과적인 농업분야의 전문 인력 육성을 위해 농대 영농정착교육과정의 중·장기 발전방안을 수립하였다. 이에 따라 이 연구에서는 농대 영농정착교육과정의 현황 분석, 인식 및 요구 분석, 국내․외 우수사례 분석 등을 통해 농대 영농정착교육과정 중․장기 발전의 기본방향, 추진과제 및 세부 추진과제를 수립하였다. 총 4대 기본방향, 14개 추진과제, 34개 세부 추진과제가 제시되었으며, “추진방향 1. 운영효율성 향상을 위한 인프라 구축”에는 4개 추진과제, 10개 세부 추진과제가 포함되었으며, “추진방향 2. 수요자 요구에 부합하는 교육프로그램 제공”에는 3개 추진과제, 9개 세부 추진과제가 포함되었다. “추진방향 3. 영농정착 촉진을 위한 참여 학생 지원”에는 3개 추진과제, 7개 세부 추진과제가 포함되었고, “추진방향 4. 성과 극대화를 위한 참여 교원 지원”에는 4개 추진과제, 8개 세부 추진과제가 포함되었다.
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