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박병양 한국교육학회 부산지회 1993 釜山敎育學硏究 Vol.6 No.1
The purpose of this study is to investigate university faculty and student communication behaviors by using a questionnaire method. Based on the examination of communication theories in the context of university setting, the faculty-student communication questionnaire is developed to measure the student's perception of faculty-student(hereafter F-S) communication behaviors. The sample of this study is 371 students of Pusan National University. A modified straitfied sampling method is applied. The F-S communication questionnaire is composed of five categories; channel of F-S communication, content of F-S communication, types of F-S communication relationship, effects of F-S communication, barriers of F-S communication. The total number of items in this questionnaire is 65. The results of this study are summarized as follows: 1. The channel condition of the F-S communication involves initator of communication, frequency, time and space of communication, types of channel and message. The major findings include that ⓐ the students and faculties equally innate a conversation; ⓑ the F-S communication occur frequently(about 6-10 times for a year); ⓒ the F-S communication time is relatively short(about 6 minites); ⓓ the F-S communication take place mostely in the classroom and faculty study room; ⓔ the F-S communication rely heavily on the face-to-face channel with the use of verbal message. These fingings suggest that the channel of the F-S communication is open, but not strong in the strength of the channel link. Thus, it is nessary for faculties to encourage students to have a conversation with them by means of a variety of the channel-eg, telephon, letter etc.. 2. The content of the F-S communication involves two dimension - a topic of communication and a level of communication. The study shows that the F-S communication focus on informing the cliche and fits rather than expressing students authentic thought, feelings, and beliefs. This finding indicates that the level of the F-S communication is low in terms of a subjective communication level. Thus students ought to be encourage to express their authentic self in talking with faculties for improving the level of the F-S communication. 3. The style of the F-S communication in terms of social relationships is classified into six categories: dominent versus submissive, friendly versus unfriendly, task instrumentally controlled versus emotional controlled, acceptive versus non-acceptive, positive feedback versus negative feedback, and trust versus distrust. The study shows that during the process of communicating with faculties, the students perceives that the faculties have dominent, friently, talk instrumentally controlled, acceptive, positive feedback and trustful attitude toward them, which are regarded as the favoral attitudes for faculty-student communication interaction. These findings suggest that faculties have good attitude toward students in the communication interaction. 4. The effects of the F-S communication are measured in terms of five effect categories degree of transmission, accuracy of communication, influence of communicator, common understanding of communicators, and intimacy of communicator. The study shows that the students perceived the F-S communication is effective in each of the five effect categories. These findings supports the importance of the faculty and students communication. 5. The barriers of the F-S communication are classified into barrier of individual factor, barrier of interpersonal factors, organizational factors, techological factors. The study shows that the major barriers of the F-S communication are the lack of intimacy between faculty and students, the difference of value and ideology between faculty and students, interpersonal biases, and the status difference of faculty and student. The major barriers of the F-S communication may be attributed not to personal factors but merely to individual differences and organizational factors. It's apparent the elimination of theses communication barriers is essential for effective student-faculty communication. The findings of this study varied slightly depend on sex and academic tracks. It is evident that the faculty-student communication behaviors identified by this study seems to have significant potential in helping to better understanding the communication process between faculty and students and in suggesting policy implications for promoting student-faculty communication.
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알코올 의존 환자의 혈중 탄수화물결핍 트랜스페린 변화에 대한 4주간 추적 연구
박병양(Byung-Yang Park),이상걸(Sang-Keol Lee),이병철(Boung-Chul Lee),함병주(Byung-Joo Ham),최인근(Ihn-Geun Choi) 한국중독정신의학회 2008 중독정신의학 Vol.12 No.1
This purpose of this study is to explore the factors influencing the change of plasma CDT after a 4-week abstinence in patients with alcohol dependence. The subjects were 79 alcohol-dependent inpatients whose % CDT was greater than 2.6% at the baseline. In the monitoring of % CDT at the 4-week follow-up, 35 patients (32 male and 3 female) showed lower than the cutoff value of 2.6%, and 44 patients (37 male and 7 female) showed still less than that. The change of %CDT was associated with the age that the patients started drinking, certain he-patic indexes such as AST, ALT, and GGT in the baseline, and alcoholic cirrhosis. Otherwise, baseline %CDT, mean amounts and duration of drinking, BMI, amount of daily smoking, alcoholic hepatitis, and fatty liver were not associated with the change of %CDT. Further extensive studies are needed.
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알코올 의존 환자에서 탄수화물결핍 트랜스페린과 신경성장인자의 변화
전찬민,박병양,변정현,이병철,함병주,허미나,최인근,Jeon, Chan-Min,Park, Boung-Yang,Byun, Jung-Hyun,Lee, Boung-Chul,Ham, Byung-Joo,Hur, Mina,Choi, Ihn-Geun 대한생물정신의학회 2007 생물정신의학 Vol.14 No.3
Objectives:Recent studies have raised the possibility that nerve growth factor(NGF) is abnormally regulated in the central nervous system(CNS) of animal models with alcohol dependence. The possible alteration of NGF by prolonged alcohol intake may play an important role in alcohol-induced neurotoxicity. Carbohydrate-deficient transferrin(CDT) is regarded as a reliable biological marker of alcohol dependence. The goal of this study was to estimate the changes of %CDT and serum NGF level according to the duration of alcohol abstinence, and to identify whether %CDT level is associated with the serum NGF level in the patients with alcohol dependence. Methods:The subjects were 24 patients with alcohol dependence. We used the Axis-Shield ASA to measure the %CDT level and the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA) to measure the serum NGF level. %CDT and NGF levels were measured immediately after the admission and at 2 weeks after the admission. Results:Decreased %CDT were observed during the period of 2 weeks after the admission. NGF level was not significantly different after 2 weeks. The NGF levels were not correlated with %CDT. The possibility of %CDT as a predictor of alcohol-induced neurotoxicity was not confirmed. Conclusion:Serum NGF levels is not a reliable indicator of abstinence state in the patients with alcohol dependence. Further studies are needed to evaluate the relation between two indicators in regard to hematological and neurological changes in alcohol dependence.
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